Groundwater quality evolution based on geochemical modeling and aptness testing for ingestion using entropy water quality and total hazard indexes in an urban-industrial area (Tiruppur) of Southern India.

This study used geochemical modeling to understand the chemical evolution of groundwater, entropy water quality index to assess the aptness of groundwater for human consumption, and total hazard index to determine the possible non-carcinogenic risks among children, women, and men in an urban-industrial area (Tiruppur region) of southern India. For the above purposes, 40 groundwater samples were collected from tube and dug wells, and they were tested for various physicochemical parameters. Fluoride and nitrate levels ranged from 0.

Health threats for the inhabitants of a textile hub (Tiruppur region) in southern India due to multipath entry of fluoride ions from groundwater.

The main objective of the study is to assess the groundwater quality based on water quality index and health threats associated with fluoride contamination in the Tiruppur region of southern India. Totally 40 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for various physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, HCO, SO, NO and F. The dominance of major cations and anions conforms to the following order Ca> Na> K> Mg and Cl > HCO > SO> NO > F, respectively.

Appraisal of subsurface hydrogeochemical processes in a geologically heterogeneous semi-arid region of south India based on mass transfer and fuzzy comprehensive modeling.

The main aim of the present study was to examine the quality of the groundwater and decipher the sources of groundwater fluoride through mass balance modeling based on fluoride exposure in a geologically heterogeneous semi-arid region of southern India. This was achieved by hydrogeochemical analysis, graphical methods, and mass transfer modeling approaches. Fuzzy comprehensive technique was applied to evaluate the quality of groundwater for groundwater management.

Evaluation of chromium in vegetables and groundwater aptness for crops from an industrial (leather tanning) sector of South India.

The main objective of the present study is evaluation of groundwater aptness for crops and chromium concentration in vegetables from an industrial (leather tanning) sector of South India using geospatial techniques. Seventy groundwater samples were collected from the open and tube wells during November 2017, February 2018, May 2018 and September 2018 to represent northeast (NE) monsoon (October-December), post-monsoon (winter) (January-February), pre-monsoon (summer) (March-May) and southwest (SW) monsoon (June-September) seasons, respectively. In addition, vegetables were also collected during the above-mentioned seasons from the market to assess the level of chromium content in them.

Hydrogeochemical evaluation, suitability, and health risk assessment of groundwater in the watershed of Godavari basin, Maharashtra, Central India.

In this investigation, the geochemical progression of a total of 31 groundwater samples of pre-monsoon season was assessed with categorization based on entropy weight water quality index and risk assessment on public health in the semi-arid area of Godavari basin, Maharashtra, Central India. Graphically, the major groundwater types identified were Ca-HCO, mixed Ca-Mg-Cl, and mixed Ca-Na-HCO. Based on [Mg/Na] with [Ca/Na] and [HCO/Na] with [Ca/Na] plots, carbonate and silicate weathering were identified as a major geochemical process governing groundwater chemistry.

Revealing drinking water quality issues and possible health risks based on water quality index (WQI) method in the Shanmuganadhi River basin of South India.

The aim of the study is to address the issues and associated health risks due to consumption of high-fluoride water supplied for drinking in a rural part of Shanmuganadhi River basin, Tamil Nadu, India. In this study, 61 groundwater samples were gathered from various tube and open wells and analysed for fluoride and other physicochemical parameters. The abundance of cations is Na > Ca > Mg > K, and that of anions is HCO > SO > Cl > F.

Promoting artificial recharge to enhance groundwater potential in the lower Bhavani River basin of South India using geospatial techniques.

The artificial recharge is an alternative technique to augment surface water and groundwater and for providing continuous supply of water to the demand regions. The scope of contemporary study helps in evaluation of groundwater potential zones and to find proper zones and sites for groundwater recharge using geospatial and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. In this study, the pragmatic methodology was proposed for the implementation of water harvesting structures.

Demarcation of groundwater quality domains using GIS for best agricultural practices in the drought-prone Shanmuganadhi River basin of South India.

A study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of groundwater in the drought-prone Shanmuganadhi River basin of south India for best agricultural practices since the surface water that exists in this basin is not sufficient to meet out the demand. As the quality of groundwater is not uniform in the hard rock aquifers of this basin, the work was carried out to demarcate the suitable groundwater quality zones for the agricultural activities. Sixty-one groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for various parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), pH, TDS, major cations (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) and anions (Cl, SO, HCO, PO, NO, and F).

Recent advancements in the applications of carbon nanodots: exploring the rising star of nanotechnology.

Nanoparticles possess fascinating properties and applications, and there has been increasing critical consideration of their use. Because carbon is a component with immaterial cytotoxicity and extensive biocompatibility with different components, carbon nanomaterials have a wide scope of potential uses. Carbon nanodots are a type of carbon nanoparticle that is increasingly being researched because of their astounding properties such as extraordinary luminescence, simplicity of amalgamation and surface functionalization, and biocompatibility.

Sobol sensitivity approach for the appraisal of geomedical health risks associated with oral intake and dermal pathways of groundwater fluoride in a semi-arid region of south India.

The main objective of the present investigation is appraisal of human health hazard based on the intake and dermal contact of fluoride enriched potable groundwater used for rural water supply in a semi-arid region (Shanmuganadhi River basin) of south India. A variance decomposition based Sobol sensitivity method was used to assess the relative contribution as well as interaction of input variables for both oral and dermal models. Three different scores were evaluated: FOE (first order effect), SOE (second order effect) and TE (total effect) for different age groups of population including gender (kids, women and men).

Groundwater chemistry and demarcation of seawater intrusion zones in the Thamirabarani delta of south India based on geochemical signatures.

Sub-surface water samples from the delta of Thamirabarani River of south India were evaluated for human health risks and seawater intrusion using the geochemical signatures. Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH and the concentrations of major cations and anions in 40 samples collected during the winter (January) and summer (July) of 2018 show comparable values. Subsequently, the results were verified with respect to the international drinking water quality standards.

The effects of geochemical processes on groundwater chemistry and the health risks associated with fluoride intake in a semi-arid region of South India.

This study attempts to establish the effects of subsurface geochemical processes based on the hydrogeochemical attributes of 61 well samples collected in a semi-arid region of South India. The study also provides the health risks associated with the consumption of fluoride-enriched groundwater by the rural people since groundwater is the major source of water supply in the Shanmuganadhi River basin. In this work, water-rock interaction diagrams, an entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), and health risk models as per the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) were prepared to understand the geochemical mechanism behind the groundwater chemistry and its role in impacting health.

Evaluation of non-carcinogenic risks due to fluoride and nitrate contaminations in a groundwater of an urban part (Coimbatore region) of south India.

Groundwater quality investigations were carried out in one of the urban parts of south India for fluoride and nitrate contaminations, with special focus on human health risk assessment for the rapidly growing and increasingly industrialized Coimbatore City. Twenty-five groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters (EC, pH, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO, HCO, PO, NO, and F) and the piper diagram characterized 60% of them as Ca-Mg-Cl type. Analysis of fluoride (0.

A new abyssomicin polyketide with anti-influenza A virus activity from a marine-derived Verrucosispora sp. MS100137.

Marine microorganisms live in dramatically different environments and have attracted much attention for their structurally unique natural products with potential strong biological activity. Based on the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) strategy and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods, our continuing efforts on the investigation of novel active compounds from marine Verrucosispora sp. MS100137 has led to the identification of a new polycyclic metabolite, abyssomicin Y (1), together with six known abyssomicin and proximicin analogs (2-7).

Health risks associated with fluoride intake from rural drinking water supply and inverse mass balance modeling to decipher hydrogeochemical processes in Vattamalaikarai River basin, South India.

Preliminary investigation reveals that fluorosis is reported due to the continuous intake of fluoride-rich groundwater in Vattamalikarai River basin, Tamil Nadu, India. A detailed study was attempted for evaluating the health risks associated with the intake of fluoride-rich groundwater supplied to the rural community. Groundwater samples were collected from 60 and 58 dug and tube wells during winter and southwest (SW) monsoon seasons respectively.

Geochemical evaluation of fluoride contamination in groundwater from Shanmuganadhi River basin, South India: implication on human health.

In order to assess the geochemical mechanism liable for fluoride contamination in groundwater and its health effects on the people of the Shanmuganadhi River basin, Tamil Nadu, India, 61 groundwater samples were collected during post- and pre-monsoon seasons from the wells used for drinking purposes. Collected samples were analysed for various physico-chemical parameters. The parameters estimated in the present study are hydrogen ion concentration (pH), total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), bicarbonate (HCO), chloride (Cl), sulphate (SO), nitrate (NO), phosphate (PO) and fluoride (F).

Degradation of simulated Direct Orange-S (DO-S) textile effluent using nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet.

One of the major environmental issues of textile industries is the discharge of large quantities of textile effluents, which are source of contamination of water bodies on surface of earth and quality of groundwater. The effluents are toxic, non-biodegradable, carcinogenic and prodigious threats to human and aquatic creatures. Since textile effluents can be treated efficiently and effectively by various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs).

Bacterial Resistance and Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Toward Metal-Ion-doped DNA Complexes.

DNA nanotechnology has laid a platform to construct a variety of custom-shaped nanoscale objects for functionalization of specific target materials to achieve programmability and molecular recognition. Herein, we prepared DNA nanostructures [namely, synthetic DNA rings (RDNA) and DNA duplexes extracted from salmon (SDNA)] containing metal ions (M) such as Cu, Ni, and Zn as payloads for delivery to exterminate highly pathologic hospital bacterial strains (e.g.

Evaluation of surface properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) films tailored by atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma (APNTP) assisted co-polymerization and immobilization of chitosan for improvement of antifouling properties.

This work describes the development of antifouling functional coatings on the surface of low density polyethylene (LDPE) films by means of atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma (APNTP) assisted copolymerization using a mixture of acrylic acid and poly (ethylene glycol). The aim of the study was to investigate the antifouling properties of the plasma copolymerized LDPE films and the same was carried out as a function of deposition time with fixed applied potential of 14 kV. In a second stage, the plasma copolymerized LDPE films were functionalized with chitosan (CHT) to further enhance its antifouling properties.

Metallo-Curcumin-Conjugated DNA Complexes Induces Preferential Prostate Cancer Cells Cytotoxicity and Pause Growth of Bacterial Cells.

DNA nanotechnology can be used to create intricate DNA structures due to the ability to direct the molecular assembly of nanostructures through a bottom-up approach. Here, we propose nanocarriers composed of both synthetic and natural DNA for drug delivery. The topological, optical characteristics, and interaction studies of Cu/Ni/Zn-curcumin-conjugated DNA complexes were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and mass spectroscopy.

Hydrogeochemical characterization and evaluation of groundwater quality in Kangayam taluk, Tirupur district, Tamil Nadu, India, using GIS techniques.

The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater and its suitability for drinking water supply in Kangayam taluk, Tirupur district, Tamil Nadu, India. To achieve this objective, seventy-eight groundwater samples were collected from the wells spread over the study area during December 2016. The collected groundwater samples were tested in the laboratory for various hydrogeochemical parameters such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH), electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, sulphate and fluoride.

Convolutional Neural Network for Segmentation and Measurement of Intima Media Thickness.

The measurement of Carotid Intima Media Thickness (IMT) on Common Carotid Artery (CCA) is a principle marker of risk of cardiovascular disease. This paper presents a novel method of using deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for identification and measurement of IMT on the far wall of the artery. The Region of Interest (ROI) is extracted using CNN architecture with 8 layers.