Comparison of efficacy of herbal disinfectants with chlorhexidine mouthwash on decontamination of toothbrushes: An experimental trial.

Background: Toothbrushes in regular use can become heavily contaminated with microorganisms, which can cause infection or reinfection. There is a need for toothbrush disinfection methods, which are rapidly effective, cost-effective, nontoxic, and that can be easily implemented.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of 3% neem, garlic of concentration 4.

Development, characterization and comparison of two strontium doped nano hydroxyapatite molecules for enamel repair/regeneration.

Objectives: Enamel damage resulting or arising from/associated with orthodontic treatment such as white spot lesions and surface deterioration after debonding brackets along with incipient carious lesions are considered problems not amenable for routine restorations due to its invasive nature. The present study was aimed at synthesizing and characterizing nHAp and 25 and 50 mol% strontium nHAp as a surface application modality for dental enamel remineralization/repair.

Methods: 25 and 50 mol% Sr nHAp was synthesized and characterized in comparison with custom made pure nHAp initially with the help of transmission and scanning electron microscopy as well as toxicological assessment.

Qualitative assessment of red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Aim: Anemia of chronic disease is defined as anemia occurring in chronic infections and inflammatory conditions that is not caused by marrow deficiencies or other diseases and in the presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. The present case control study was aimed to assess the red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A simple random sampling method was used to select 80 healthy male patients, who were divided into four groups based on full mouth periodontal examination as follows: group I patients comprised the control group (n = 20), which included patients with a clinically healthy periodontium, group II patients (n = 20) were diagnosed with mild chronic periodontitis, group III (n = 20) included moderate chronic periodontitis patients, and patients with severe chronic periodontitis formed group IV (n = 20).

Effect of Neem containing Toothpaste on Plaque and Gingivitis--A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial.

Aim: The present study was designed to assess the effect of toothpaste containing neem on plaque and gingivitis.

Materials And Methods: Randomized, double blind clinical trial was designed. Thirty first year dental students volunteered to participate in the study.

Assessment of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis.

Background: "Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a destructive disease characterized by the following: The involvement of multiple teeth with a distinctive pattern of periodontal tissue loss; a high rate of disease progression; an early age of onset; and the absence of systemic diseases.'' Chronic low-level bacteremia and systemic inflammatory response have been suggested as a pathogenic link between periodontal disease and systemic disease. The present study was aimed to assess the levels of systemic inflammatory markers in patients with AgP.

Study of Collagen Birefringence in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Picrosirius Red and Polarized Light Microscopy.

Objectives. The present study was done to evaluate birefringence pattern of collagen fibres in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma using Picrosirius red stain and polarization microscopy and to determine if there is a change in collagen fibres between different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods.

Atypical Presentation of Capillary Hemangioma in Oral Cavity- A Case Report.

Capillary Haemangioma is a benign vascular tumour characterized by proliferation of blood vessels that are primarily reported to be a developmental hamartomatous lesion of infancy and childhood. Pyogenic granuloma is a non-neoplastic benign lesion found in the oral cavity having a striking predilection for occurrence in the gingiva. The present case report is an atypical presentation of capillary haemangioma on gingiva which is considered to be extremely rare.

Estimation of Specific Salivary Enzymatic Biomarkers in Individuals with Gingivitis and Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical and Biochemical Study.

Background: Host response to periodontal disease includes the release of different enzymes from stromal, epithelial or inflammatory cells. The enzymes which are produced from these cells are associated with cell injury and cell death like: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Normal enzymatic activity of these enzymes is necessary for healthy functioning of gingiva and periodontium.

Prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in Trivandrum and its association with various risk factors.

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a severe form of dental decay with multi-factorial origin.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and related risk factors of ECC among preschool children residing in rural and urban areas of Trivandrum district in Kerala.

Methods: A sample size of 1329 preschool children of <60 months of age was randomly selected from rural and urban areas of Trivandrum and decayed missing filled teeth indices were recorded.

Implant retained auricular prosthesis with a modified hader bar: a case report.

Auricular prostheses for defects of external ear are retained either by mechanical means or implants. All implant retained prostheses are retained by various means such as bar and clip, magnetic attachments or a combination of bar, clip and magnets. The commonest problem encountered with the bar and clip system is loosening of the clip after 3-4 months.

Aesthetic perceptions regarding fluorosis by children from an area of endemic fluorosis in India.

Objectives: To assess the perceptions of and concerns regarding dental fluorosis among 12-15 year-old schoolchildren in an area where fluorosis is endemic and to find any association with Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis (TSIF) scores.

Basic Research Design: A cross sectional study.

Participants: 316 children aged 12-15 years with varying level of dental fluorosis selected from 696 children screened for fluorosis.

Endodontic management of a maxillary first and second premolar with three canals.

Unusual anatomical configurations must be considered in the radiographic and clinical evaluation during the endodontic treatment. The canal anatomy maxillary first and second premolar has been studied extensively and the presence of three canals is relatively rare especially in the maxillary second premolar. The occurrence of three canals with separate foramina in both the first and second premolar is shown to be in extremely low percentages and has been documented as practically non-existent in Asian populations.

Etiquette in scientific publishing.

Publishing a scientific article in a journal with a high impact factor and a good reputation is considered prestigious among one's peer group and an essential achievement for career progression. In the drive to get their work published, researchers can forget, either intentionally or unintentionally, the ethics that should be followed in scientific publishing. In an environment where "publish or perish" rules the day, some authors might be tempted to bend or break rules.

A comparative study of salivary buffering capacity, flow rate, resting pH, and salivary Immunoglobulin A in children with rampant caries and caries-resistant children.

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify various factors in the development of rampant type of dental caries in South Kerala children, other than high sucrose intake and poor oral hygiene. This was done by comparing the salivary buffering capacity(BC), flow-rate(FR), resting pH and salivary immunoglobulin-A(s-IgA) levels in children who are caries resistant(CR) and who have rampant dental caries.

Materials And Methods: Two study groups, a rampant caries group(RC) with more than five active caries lesions in the early stages and a CR with no caries lesions were selected based on a specific criteria.

Evaluation of the effect of bracket and archwire composition on frictional forces in the buccal segments.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to consider friction in buccal segment attachments during overjet reduction by means of sliding mechanics. Friction was compared in Stainless Steel, Titanium and Cobalt Chromium brackets, using Stainless Steel and Beta Titanium wires.

Materials And Methods: This in-vitro study comprised 18 samples (6 x 3 brackets of different materials-stainless steel, titanium and cobalt chromium).

In vitro evaluation of physical vapor deposition coated beta titanium orthodontic archwires.

Objective: To determine in vitro the frictional properties, surface morphology, and load deflection rate with looped designs of two newly developed titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) and tungsten carbide/carbon (WC/C) physical vapor deposition (PVD) coated beta titanium orthodontic archwires coated with PVD.

Materials And Methods: Frictional properties with Tidy's protocol, surface evaluation before and after friction testing with the help of scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), and load deflection rate with different orthodontic loops on Instron universal testing machine were evaluated.

Results: The results clearly indicate reduced frictional properties for WC/C coated archwires when compared with uncoated and TiAlN coated archwires.

Development and evaluation of two PVD-coated β-titanium orthodontic archwires for fluoride-induced corrosion protection.

The present research was aimed at developing surface coatings on β titanium orthodontic archwires capable of protection against fluoride-induced corrosion. Cathodic arc physical vapor deposition PVD (CA-PVD) and magnetron sputtering were utilized to deposit thin films of titanium aluminium nitride (TiAlN) and tungsten carbide/carbon (WC/C) coatings on β titanium orthodontic archwires. Uncoated and coated specimens were immersed in a high fluoride ion concentration mouth rinse, following a specially designed cycle simulating daily use.

Rare instance of gingival enlargement in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: a case report.

Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that may include port-wine stain, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy, and venous malformations and lymphatic abnormalities. Although it usually involves the limbs, it may also rarely involve the head, neck, and orofacial regions. Despite its rarity, Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gingival enlargement.