Current challenges in dental education- a scoping review.

Introduction: This scoping review aimed to review the various challenges facing dental education. Dental education faces multiple institutional, student and faculty-based challenges. Institutional challenges include updating infrastructure resources, recruiting qualified faculty, and implementing administrative policies that enhance dental education.

Evaluation of Caries Risk Using Cariogram Among Orthodontic Patients Before and During Treatment: A Comparative Study.

Objective The primary objective was to examine the Cariogram parameters among orthodontic patients with fixed appliances and evaluate the impact of preventive measures on mitigating the risk of dental caries during orthodontic therapy. Materials and methods Patients visiting the representative orthodontic clinics across 14 districts of Kerala participated in the comparative cross-sectional study from January 2023 to January 2024. The sampling method employed in this study was convenience quota sampling, where study subjects were allocated from each of the low, moderate, and high caries risk profiles until the sample size reached the minimal requirement within each group.

Effectiveness of Different Rotary Files Systems in Removal of Gutta-percha during Endodontic Retreatment with or without Solvents: A Comparative Study.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of three different file systems in removing gutta-percha during endodontic retreatment with or without solvents.

Materials And Methods: The current study used 120 freshly extracted, single-rooted human mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic procedures. The canal was prepared utilizing the step-back technique and obturation was done.

Assessment of Pain Management After Orthognathic Surgery by the Administration of Montelukast: An Original Research.

Introduction: Opioid may cause undue risk after surgical procedures like orthognathic surgeries. The present study was aimed to determine how the preoperative administration of oral montelukast affected the degree of postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOS).

Methodology: This study included all skeletal class III subjects scheduled for BOS.

Assessment of the Efficacy of TMJ Arthroscopy-Assisted Masseter Nerve Avulsion on Hemimasticatory Spasm: An Original Research.

The goal of this study is to find a cure for the masticatory muscle disease known as hemimasticatory spasm (HMS). This retrospective investigation intends to find a more efficient therapeutic approach for HMS patients by examining the clinical effectiveness of masseteric nerve avulsion performed on HMS using a temporomandibular arthroscope. A clinical study was piloted where the subjects were treated for masseter nerve avulsion by TMJ arthroscopy.

Anesthetic Efficacy of Endo-Ice and Intrapulpal Ice Sticks After Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: There is a dearth of studies to assess the effectiveness of cryotherapy as a possible adjuvant in anesthesia. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the impact of pretreatment intraoral ice packs, application of Endo-ice, and a combination of Endo-ice and intrapulpal ice sticks use on the effectiveness of pulpal anesthesia as an adjunct in the management of pain and dental anxiety in mandibular second molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) against traditional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) technique.

Materials And Methods: The randomized controlled double-blind clinical study comprised of 200 subjects within the age group of 20-45 years with SIP involving mandibular second molars and divided into four groups of 50 each.

Determination of Labiopalatal Angulation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Using Manual Method and Digital Methods: A Comparative Study.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate labiopalatal angulation of maxillary anterior teeth using Custom-made jig, Profile projector, and ImageJ computer software methods.

Materials And Methods: The subjects for this study were selected in the age-group of 20-30 years having permanent dentition, including 2nd molars and bilateral Angle's class 1 molar and canine relationship. Recording the labiopalatal angulation in proximal view was carried out by using one manual method and two digital methods namely using Custom-made jig, Profile projector, and ImageJ computer software, respectively.

Long-term changes in thickness, live/dead bacterial ratio, and mineral content in biofilm on ceramic and stainless steel orthodontic attachments.

Purpose: Fixed orthodontic appliances induce biofilm deposition, which harbors a microbial population harmful to the periodontal health of the individual. The present study evaluated the changes in thickness, live/dead bacterial ratio, and mineral content in dental biofilm over 6 months in patients with either stainless steel or ceramic orthodontic attachments.

Methods: Eighty patients who require fixed orthodontic appliance treatment with first premolar extraction for correcting their malocclusion were selected and bonded with either stainless steel or ceramic orthodontic attachments on the buccal side.

Prevalence of Chronic Periodontitis and Chronic Stress in the South Indian Population.

Background Chronic stress is commonly thought to have a net negative effect on the efficacy of the immune response, leading to an imbalance between host and parasite and consequently resulting in a periodontal breakdown. Aim To identify the prevalence of chronic periodontitis and chronic stress as well as a comparative evaluation of clinical, demographic, and psychoanalytical parameters among the South Indian population. Materials and methods A total of 500 subjects between the ages of 30 and 60 were chosen from the Trivandrum district, Kerala, using multistage random sampling.

The Influence of Stress in Modulating the Relationship between Coronavirus Disease-2019 Disease and Sleep Quality.

Introduction: The emotional well-being of health-care employees is critical to the quality of patient care and the efficient operation of health services. Not only has the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) virus caused significant rates of morbidity and mortality around the world but it has also caused sleep disruption, stress, and pandemic-related anxiety among health-care workers. The current study examines associations among COVID-related fear, stress, and sleep quality in health professionals.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Zinc Phosphate Cement, Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer, and Two Dual-Cure Resin Cements: Study.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of a new resin cement which was undergoing trial with other three luting cements.

Settings And Design: study.

Subjects And Methods: Forty extracted intact human premolars were selected and standardized class 5 preparations for inlays were done at cementoenamel junction of buccal surfaces and direct composite inlay was fabricated.

Comparison of the Length of Styloid Process in Panoramic Radiographs to Computed Tomography as the Gold Standard.

Aims: To compare the length of styloid process assessed using computed tomography (CT) and panoramic radiographs (PAN).

Materials And Methods: PAN were taken for 15 patients requiring CT reporting to PMS Dental College or metro scans, after obtaining informed consent and fulfilling all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CT images were taken in metro scans.

Establishing the Role of Neurogenic Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.

The role of neurogenic inflammation in various systemic diseases has been well established, but there is a dearth of studies and evidence regarding its role in periodontitis. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence in establishing the role of neurogenic inflammation in chronic periodontitis. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were reviewed.

Assessment of Penetration Depth and Microleakage of Different Pit and Fissure Sealants Using Dye Penetration Method: An Study.

Aim And Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the depth of penetration as well as the microleakage of three different pit and fissure sealant materials employing the dye penetration method.

Materials And Methods: Sixty healthy human mandibular premolar teeth without dental caries that were extracted for orthodontic treatment constituted the study samples. These 60 premolar samples were subjected to an equal division (20 in every group) into three groups.

Quantitative assessment of tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia and nuclear organizing region activity to validate the significance of the pattern of invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study.

Introduction: Pattern of invasion (POI) in scoring system of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can predict local recurrence and overall survival rate. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AGNOR) counts are considered to reflect the biosynthetic and nucleolar activity of a cell and thus serve as an indicator of the rapidity of the cell cycle thereby indicating the proliferative index of the tumor. It is implied that higher tumor associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) showed lesser venous invasion, lymph node metastasis and clinical recurrence.

Age Estimation with Cemental Annulation Using Light, Phase Contrast and Polarized Microscopy.

Introduction: In forensic science, the determination of age plays a vital role in the identification of bodies and persons associated with crimes. Teeth are frequently better conserved than any other human remains, so their use for identifying age at death is vital. The root portion of the teeth is covered by a thin calcified layer called cementum, the annulations of which is considered to be helpful in age estimation.

Morphological alterations, activity, mRNA fold changes, and aging changes before and after orthodontic force application in young and adult human-derived periodontal ligament cells.

Background: The response of periodontal ligament cells (PDLC) from adult subjects in comparison to those obtained from younger ones to mechanical forces has been a matter of interest recently because of induced senescent changes. This study evaluated and compared cell surface changes and activity, integrin beta 1, and β-actin mRNA fold changes as well as klotho protein secretion capabilities of PDLC from young and adult donors before and after subjecting to orthodontic forces.

Methods: A total of 40 subjects with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion requiring extraction of first premolars for orthodontic treatment were selected and divided into two groups.

Heat shock protein 70 and the extent of nuclear damage in periodontal ligament compression side cells with orthodontic force application - An ex-vivo evaluation.

Objective: Increased levels of heat shock proteins after several types of stress play a central role in cellular homeostasis allowing for continued cell survival. This study was aimed at quantitatively analysing the expression pattern of major damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) - HSP70, and the amount of nuclear damage incident in periodontal ligament compression side cells.

Material And Methods: Sixteen subjects with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion requiring extraction of all first premolars as part of orthodontic treatment were selected.

A comparative study on the effect of polishing systems on the color and surface texture of different porcelain systems - feldspathic, pressable, and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing.

Aim: To find and compare the qualitative and quantitative change in color and surface texture of feldspathic ceramic, pressable ceramic and ceramic used in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing CAD/CAM after different surface treatments namely glazing, abrading and polishing. To compare the effectiveness of pearl finish polishing paste and Soflex polishing system used in the study.

Setting And Design: In-vitro, comparative study.

Periodontal ligament cells in adolescents and adults: Genetic level responses to orthodontic forces.

Introduction: Periodontal ligament cells (PDLC) respond to the application of mechanical forces by releasing various molecules that participate in bone remodeling. Whether these cellular reactions take place at the same rate in adolescent and adult patients is not known. In this study, we aimed to evaluate differences in genetic expression, if any, between the release of various inflammatory mediators from PDLC in adolescent and adult patients before and after the application of orthodontic forces.