Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) programmes for infants and young children in low-income and middle-income countries in Asia: a systematic review.

Background: Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) measures initiated in high-income countries (HICs) were attempted in low-income and middle-income countries (L&MICs). However, information regarding the models of EHDI, context-specific adaptations made to strategies and outcomes are not known.

Aims: The aims of this systematic review were to identify the various models of EHDI used in Asian L&MICs in the published scientific literature and to describe their efficacy and validity.

Cryosurgery of multiple haemangiomas of oral cavity.

Haemangiomas of the oral cavity are common benign vascular tumours of infancy. Several treatment modalities are described for haemangiomas, including sclerotherapy, embolisation, laser surgery and cryotherapy. Cryotherapy is the application of varying extremes of low temperatures to destroy abnormal tissue.

Type C1 radical hysterectomy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix postdefinitive concurrent chemoradiation: An argument.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by Type C 1 nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy.

Settings And Design: This is a prospective study to assess the feasibility of Type C 1 nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy postdefinitive chemoradiation in advanced carcinoma cervix.

Subjects And Methods: We analyzed 25 patients with cervical cancer evaluated and treated with concurrent chemoradiation followed by surgery.

Development and Validation of Sentences in Tamil for Psychoacoustic Evaluation of Voice Using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice.

Purpose: The Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) is a standardized instrument used in voice assessment to assess voice quality. It has been translated and culturally adapted in several languages. This study aimed at developing and validating a Tamil version of CAPE-V through auditory perceptual evaluation of remotely recorded voice samples.

Potential effects of noni ( L.) fruits extract against obsessive-compulsive disorder in marble burying and nestlet shredding behavior mice models.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and complex psychiatric disorder that usually includes both obsessions and compulsions. L. (Noni) is a functional food and it is a well-known plant due to its potential therapeutic effects on human health in many disorders including neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.

Impact of X-radiation in the management of COVID-19 disease.

Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect both animals and humans. Even though the existence of coronavirus and its infection to humans is not new, the 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) caused a major burden to individuals and society , anxiety, fear of infection, extreme competition for hospitalization, and more importantly financial liability. The nCoV infection/disease diagnosis was based on non-specific signs and symptoms, biochemical parameters, detection of the virus using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and X-ray-based imaging.

Factor Affecting Duration of Exclusive Breast Feeding in Preterm Infants With Gestational Age ≤ 34 Weeks.

Objectives: To study the factors influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in preterm (≤34 weeks) infants.

Methods: This study was done in 113 preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks who were attending the well-baby clinic at the corrected age (CA) of 6 month. The birth details were noted from hospital records and feeding details were collected through a personal interview.

Quality of Communication Life (QoCL) In Persons with Expressive Aphasia With And Without Communication Intervention - A Comparative Study.

Background: Communication difficulties in aphasia can result in social isolation, challenges with interpersonal relationships, emotional changes, inability to return to work, and lack of independence. Therefore, intervention is essential particularly in the context of functional communication for persons with aphasia (PwAs). Studies have also indicated that quality of communication life (QoCL) is a valid measure of the impact of communication difficulty on quality of life.

Neutropenic versus regular diet for acute leukaemia induction chemotherapy: randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Restriction of raw fruits and vegetables (neutropenic diet) is advised for patients receiving treatment for acute leukaemia in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to reduce infections despite evidence to the contrary from high-income countries. We, therefore, conducted a randomised controlled trial to ascertain the efficacy of the neutropenic diet in an LMIC setting.

Methods: Patients aged 1-60 years receiving induction chemotherapy for acute leukaemia were randomised to a regular or neutropenic diet.

Morphotypes of the apical constriction of maxillary molars: a micro-computed tomographic evaluation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the apical constriction (AC) and apical canal morphology of maxillary first and second molars, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Materials And Methods: The anatomical features of 313 root canals from 41 maxillary first molars and 57 maxillary second molars of patients with known age and sex were evaluated using micro-CT, with a resolution of 26.7 µm.

Computed Tomographic Assessment of Remaining Dentin and Risk of Perforation after Kedo-S and Mtwo Rotary Instrumentation in Root Canals of Primary Teeth: An Study.

Background: Root canal cleaning is a key step in the endodontic treatment of the primary molars. An innovative generation of endodontic instruments has been devised with the aim of emerging better procedures. The objective of the study is to assess the preparation of time, the risk of lateral perforation, and the removal of dentin from Kedo-S and Mtwo rotary instruments on primary teeth.

Transportation and Centering Ability of Kedo-S Pediatric and Mtwo Instruments in Primary Teeth: A Cone-beam ComputedTomography Study.

Background: Cleaning and debriding the canals and preserving the shape of the canal without deformation is the primary goals of pulpectomy. Transportation is a critical endodontic iatrogenic fault that could cause a catastrophe. This study evaluated the canal centering ability and canal transportation caused by Kedo-S pediatric and Mtwo instruments, using a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Burden of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Traits and Their Heritability Estimates in Endogamous Ethnic Groups of India: Findings From the INDIGENIUS Consortium.

To assess the burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its genetic profile in endogamous populations of India given the paucity of data, we aimed to determine the prevalence of T2D and estimate its heritability using family-based cohorts from three distinct Endogamous Ethnic Groups (EEGs) representing Northern (Rajasthan [Agarwals: AG]) and Southern (Tamil Nadu [Chettiars: CH] and Andhra Pradesh [Reddys: RE]) states of India. For comparison, family-based data collected previously from another North Indian Punjabi Sikh (SI) EEG was used. In addition, we examined various T2D-related cardiometabolic traits and determined their heritabilities.

Effectiveness of After-School Physical Activity Intervention on Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference/Height Ratio among Overweight Adolescents in Selected Schools at Puducherry, India: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Globally, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has dramatically increased in the recent years. In India, more than 10% of schoolchildren are overweight or obese. Schools play a major role in the modification of behavior.

Is Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Required for Elderly Hemodialysis Patients during the Interdialytic Period? - Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Introduction: Hypertension (HT) is a common and challenging problem in patients on dialysis. Routine peri-dialytic blood pressure (BP) recordings are unable to diagnose HT accurately and stratify cardiovascular risk. We report here an analysis of 2 years, single-center experience on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in elderly hemodialysis patients in the interdialytic period.

Visual interpretation of panoramic radiographs in dental students using eye-tracking technology.

Purpose: While eye-tracking technology is a validated tool in the field of education it is still in its infancy in the field of Pediatric Dentistry. The primary aim of this study was to determine dental undergraduates' search patterns and visual fixations while viewing panoramic radiographs (PR) using an eye-tracker. The secondary aim was to decide on the potential opportunities to enhance teaching-learning strategies when studying these radiographs.

Evaluation of Root Dentin Thickness and Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Two Novel Nickel Titanium Rotary Instruments - An Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the two nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments on root dentin thickness using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and ability to remove the smear layer using scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials And Methods: The effect of two NiTi rotary instruments such as XP Endo shaper and ProTaper Gold (PTG) in retaining adequate dentin thickness and debridement (i.e.

QbD-Based Development and Validation of Novel Stability-Indicating Method for the Assay and Dissolution of Garenoxacin in Garenoxacin Tablets.

Background: Garenoxacin mesylate is a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, approved and marketed for human use in Japan under the name Geninax.

Objective: In this current work, a simple and stability-indicating method for the assay and dissolution of garenoxacin in garenoxacin tablets 200 mg was performed. New method developed for the particle size measurement of Garenoxacin mesylate Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient using Malvern 2000.

Impact of soft palate visibility and tongue position on early diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with tooth loss - An observational preliminary study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was estimated to affect 15% to 30% of males and 5% to 15% of females with prevalence increasing with progressive tooth loss and its early identification can reduce the sequalae of OSA. Apnea-hypopnea index is confirmatory but unsuitable for clinical settings to detect OSA and concise screening tools are required to detect OSA in edentulous patients.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of soft palate visibility and tongue position on incidence of OSA among edentulous patients.

Clinicopathological Correlation of Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has a high prevalence in Southeast Asia with increased malignant transformation rates. Numerous biomarkers are currently being investigated to predict the disease prognosis and for early detection of malignant changes.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted comprising 40 subjects with clinically and biopsy-proven OSMF being included in the study as experimental group ( = 28) and patients with no tobacco/betel nut habit, who underwent surgical removal of third molar, being included as control group ( = 12).

The vital role of physiotherapy during COVID-19: A systematic review.

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has changed the entire world population's physical and mental wellbeing irrespective of the person being infected or not. Flourishing numbers of new research recommends physiotherapy for the management of COVID-19 patients. However, there are cavities in the study in the recommendation of physiotherapy specific to the current pandemic.