Covid-19 vaccination in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A multi-center survey from southern India.

Aim: This survey was conducted to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination status in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). Our objectives were to study vaccine hesitancy, adverse effects, breakthrough infections and flare of underlying disease in this population subgroup.

Methods: This was a multi-center, cross-sectional, interview-based survey done at 6 tertiary care centers across Tamil Nadu, in the southern part of India from September 15, 2021 to October 14, 2021.

Solitary tubercular renal cyst in a postpartum lady masquerading as an infected giant renal cyst with urosepsis.

Renal tuberculosis presenting as renal cyst is rare. Diagnosing renal tuberculosis in pregnancy is usually delayed due to its atypical presentation. We present a 28-year-old postpartum lady who delivered a healthy baby one month back, with history of intermittent fever and chills.

Standardization of an in-house multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for the simultaneous detection of , cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex Virus 1 and 2, and infection among pregnant women.

Background: An in-house multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed in two cocktails for the identification of six Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus (1 and 2), and Treponema pallidum (syphilis) (TORCH-S) agents, which causes congenital infection among pregnant women.

Objective: Standardization and validation of an in-house multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection of TORCH-S infection.

Methods: This study was conducted from February 2017 to February 2019.

Aloe vera carbohydrates regulate glucose metabolism through improved glycogen synthesis and downregulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis in diabetic rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.

Identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy disease using direct flow through mass spectrometry.

Background And Aims: Albuminuria is not an effective marker for early diagnosis of diabetic renal complication with several subjects progressing to chronic kidney disease without any albuminuria. A biomarker that can predict early changes of the diabetic kidney will be useful in effective management of type 2 diabetes. Mass spectrometry based metabolomics approach offers tremendous promise for the identification of novel metabolite biomarkers.

Isolated flat desmoid-type terminal ileal mesenteric fibromatosis masquerading as lower ureteric stricture-an intraoperative surprise.

Ureteral strictures are usually caused by ureteral calculi, endoscopic instrumentation, infections like tuberculosis, surgical dissection, radiation, malignancy and periureteral fibrosis. A 42-year-old man presented with right loin pain 2 months previously. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed right lower ureteral stricture and he was scheduled for right ureteral reimplantation.

The impact of demonetisation on the utilisation of hospital services, patient outcomes and finances: a multicentre observational study from India.

Background: This study assessed trends in healthcare utilisation in relation to the implementation of an economic policy in India wherein 500 and 1000 rupee notes were demonetised.

Methods: In this ambidirectional observational study of private not-for-profit hospitals, data on hospital outpatient and inpatient numbers, surgeries, emergency department (ED) visits, obstetric admissions and mortality were obtained for pre-demonetisation (September/October 2016), early (November/December 2016) and late demonetisation (January/February 2017), and post-demonetisation periods (March/April 2017) and compared with the control period (2015-2016) from 11 centres (three tertiary hospitals; eight secondary). A Bayesian regression analysis was performed to adjust for seasonal (winter) effect.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Presenting as Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Case Scenario.

Unlabelled: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is characterized by fulminant necrotizing infection of the kidney and perirenal tissues. Emphysematous pyelonephritis presenting as pneumomediastinum is quite rare. A 65-year-old gentleman presented to us with respiratory failure on ventilator support and uncontrolled sugars.

Dengue shock syndrome after percutaneous nephrolithotomy leading to hematuria and renal failure: A rare complication.

Hematuria following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a dreaded complication. It necessitates blood transfusion in up to 10% of patients. It may be severe enough in <1% of patients to require angioembolization.

Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and human immunodeficiency virus-2 capsid amino acid variants with human tripartite motif 5α protein SPRY domain and its association with pathogenesis.

Purpose: The sequence variation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) capsid region may influence and alter the susceptibility to human tripartite motif 5α protein (huTRIM5α).

Materials And Methods: Molecular docking was carried out with huTRIM5α SPRY domain by the use of ClusPro and Hex docking program for HIV-1 and HIV-2 capsid sequences.

Results: The sequence analysis on HIV-1 and HIV-2 capsid gag gene identified 35 (19.

Molecular Docking Studies of Potential Inhibition of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase Enzyme by Phyllanthin, Hypophyllanthin and Gallic Acid.

A review of literature shows certain phytochemicals, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin and gallic acid have beneficial effects in experimental animals for improving liver metabolism in alcoholic liver disease. We investigated the ability of these chemicals to exhibit the inhibitory effect on the enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase active site. The software used were CASTp, AutoDock and Molinspiration in Windows platform.

Longest Surviving Patient with Ebstein's Anomaly in Indian Subcontinent.

Ebstein's anomaly accounts for 0.3% to 0.7% of all cases of congenital heart disease.

B cell epitopes in the intrinsically disordered regions of neuraminidase and hemagglutinin proteins of H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses for peptide-based vaccine development.

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are very active in several parts of the globe and are the cause of huge economic loss for the poultry industry and also human fatalities. Three dimensional modeling was carried out for neuraminidase (NA) and hemagglutinin (HA) proteins of AIV. The C-score, estimated TM-Score, and estimated root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) score for NA of H5N1 were -1.

Immediate versus delayed prostatectomy and the fate of patients who progress to a higher risk disease on active surveillance.

Introduction: Oncological outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients progressing on active surveillance (AS) are debated. We compared outcomes of AS eligible patients undergoing RP immediately after diagnosis with those doing so after delay or disease progression on AS.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2014, 961 patients were AS eligible as per EAU criteria.

Oncological outcomes and pathological characteristics of cT1 upstaging to pT3a renal cell carcinoma compared with de novo pT3a tumors.

Introduction: The significance of upstaging of cT1 renal tumors to pT3a is not clear. We evaluate the incidence of upstaging, identify predictors and analyze oncological outcomes of these patients versus those who did not upstage. We also compared the oncological outcomes of cT1 upstaging to pT3a with de novo pT3a renal tumors.

Better knee function after surgical repair of acute quadriceps tendon rupture in comparison to acute patellar tendon rupture.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in knee function between patients with quadriceps tendon rupture and patellar tendon rupture after acute surgical repair. Our hypothesis was that knee function would be similar between the two groups.

Methods: The study population included 24 patients; 13 patients suffered from quadriceps tendon rupture and 11 patients from patellar tendon rupture.

Identification of B- and T-cell epitopes on HtrA protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Orientia tsutsugamushi, a cause of scrub typhus is emerging as an important pathogen in several parts of the tropics. The control of this infection relies on rapid diagnosis, specific treatment, and prevention through vector control. Development of a vaccine for human use would be very important as a public health measure.

Design of peptide epitope from the neuraminidase protein of influenza A and influenza B towards short peptide vaccine development.

Influenza viruses A and B are important human respiratory pathogens causing seasonal, endemic and pandemic infections in several parts of the globe with high morbidity and considerable mortality. The current inactivated and live attenuated vaccines are not effective. Therefore, it is of interest to design universal influenza virus vaccines with high efficacy.

Genetic characterization of Chikungunya virus 2009 isolates from South India.

Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) is a single stranded positive sense enveloped RNA virus. Re-emergence of CHIKV caused a massive outbreak with severe clinical manifestation affecting multiple organs. The genetic diversity of CHIKV, which caused recurring outbreaks in India, was studied.

Error Analysis: How Precise is Fused Deposition Modeling in Fabrication of Bone Models in Comparison to the Parent Bones?

Background: Rapid prototyping (RP) is used widely in dental and faciomaxillary surgery with anecdotal uses in orthopedics. The purview of RP in orthopedics is vast. However, there is no error analysis reported in the literature on bone models generated using office-based RP.

Application of viromics: a new approach to the understanding of viral infections in humans.

This review is focused at exploring the strengths of modern technology driven data compiled in the areas of virus gene sequencing, virus protein structures and their implication to viral diagnosis and therapy. The information for virome analysis (viromics) is generated by the study of viral genomes (entire nucleotide sequence) and viral genes (coding for protein). Presently, the study of viral infectious diseases in terms of etiopathogenesis and development of newer therapeutics is undergoing rapid changes.

In Silico Validation of D7 Salivary Protein-derived B- and T-cell Epitopes of Aedes aegypti as Potential Vaccine to Prevent Transmission of Flaviviruses and Togaviruses to Humans.

Mosquito (Aedes aegyptii) salivary proteins play a crucial role in facilitating viral transmission from vector-to-host due to their role in facilitating the "blood meal" of the vector. Three main proteins, D7, aegyptin and Sialokinin play a role in this process. Using in-silico programs, we identified B- and T-cell epitopes in the mosquito salivary proteins D7 long and short form.

Short peptide epitope design from hantaviruses causing HFRS.

Several genotypes of the hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and is an important public health problem worldwide. There is now growing interest to develop subunit vaccines especially focused to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses which are important against viral infection. We identified candidate T-cell epitopes that bind to Class I HLA supertypes towards identifying potential subunit vaccine entity.