Awareness of Presbyopia among Rural Female Population in North Karnataka.

Introduction: Presbyopia is an age related loss of lens accommodation resulting in inability to read and/write or to do near work. Though literacy level may be low in rural female population of South India, but household works like sewing, sorting grains and operating mobile phones must be difficult due to presbyopia.

Aim: To determine the awareness of presbyopia in rural females; also, to determine the knowledge levels regarding presbyopia, spectacle coverage and reasons for not wearing spectacles.

Safety and efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine versus oral tramadol for the treatment of post-operative pain following surgery for fracture neck of femur: A prospective, randomised clinical study.

Background: Transdermal buprenorphine, which is used in chronic pain management, has rarely been studied for use in acute pain management. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine patch to oral tramadol for post-operative analgesia, following proximal femur surgeries.

Methodology: Fifty adult patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture under spinal anaesthesia were included in this study.

Atypical cases of Dowling-Degos disease.

Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by multiple, small, round pigmented macules usually arranged in reticular pattern, chiefly distributed in axillae and groins. Here we are reporting three atypical cases of DDD in a family. They had hypopigmented macules with typical features of DDD indicating generalized DDD.

Spontaneous Partial Vanishing Cytomegalovirus Pseudotumour of Colon in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pseudotumour of the gastrointestinal tract, is a rare benign entity which is treated with antiviral medications and known to resolve spontaneously in a few cases. This is a case report of a 58-year-old man who presented with right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Contrast enhanced computerized tomography of abdomen and pelvis showed apple core lesion involving proximal transverse colon, ceacum, ascending colon, ileoceacal valve and terminal ileum.

Evaluation of minimal inhibitory concentration of two new materials using tube dilution method: An in vitro study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of two new materials MTA Plus and Biodentine with ProRoot MTA using tube dilution method.

Materials And Methods: The materials used were ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), MTA Plus (compounded by Prevest Denpro, Jammu, India for Avalon Biomed Inc, USA) and a calcium silicate based material Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses, France). Doubling dilutions of the material were prepared in Sabouraud's dextrose broth (SDB) and Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth for Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively.

Partial HELLP syndrome with unilateral exudative retinal detachment treated conservatively.

Peripartum vision loss, an uncommon, often reversible complication of pregnancy usually occurs in the setting of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. The HELLP syndrome is characterized by hypertension, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets. This is a rare case of unilateral exudative retinal detachment associated with the Partial HELLP syndrome that occurred after delivery in a 23-year-old Indian woman.

Effect of various drugs used in conservative therapy of hepatorenal syndrome: a retrospective drug utilization study.

Objectives: To analyze the impact of various drugs used in conservative therapy on renal failure and mortality in hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of hospital admission records was conducted for case records with HRS as diagnosis. Demographic and clinical data and drug utilization pattern were collected in a pre-designed patient information sheet.

Bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis: a case report.

We present a case of hemorrhagic bullous dermatosis occurring in areas distant from the site of injection of enoxaparin. A 88 year old woman was admitted for inter trochantric fracture. She was put enoxaparin 60mg subcutaneous 12 hrly for deep vein thrombosis.

Unusual Case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome Presenting as Non-specific Headache.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) is a bilateral intraocular granulomatous panuveitis which is frequently associated with systemic manifestations such as meningismus, tinnitus, poliosis and vitiligo of autoimmune aetiology. Headache by itself, does not fulfill the diagnostic criteria and is insufficient for the diagnosis. A 22-year-old male presented with a 10 day history of headache, followed by decreased vision in both eyes.

Livedo reticularis in type 2 lepra reaction: A rare presentation.

Type 2 lepra reaction or erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immune complex syndrome that occurs mostly in lepromatous leprosy and sometimes in borderline lepromatous leprosy patients. We present an untreated case of lepromatous leprosy, who presented with type 2 lepra reaction and livedo reticularis. Livedo reticularis, though seen in lucio phenomenon, is not a part of type 2 lepra reaction.

Synchronous Multicentric Giant Cell Tumour (GCT)-A Rare Case Report.

Giant Cell Tumours (GCT) of bone account for 5% of all primary bone tumours. Multicentric variety is a rare variant of this condition, accounting for less than 1% of all cases and can occur as synchronous or metachronous lesions. We report a 22-year-old male patient with 18 months history of painful progressive swellings around the right knee.