Prevalence of Non-communicable Disease Risk Factors Among Adults in a Rural Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Care Medical Center in Karnataka.

Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), also referred to as chronic diseases, typically have a long duration and arise from a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Each year, 17 million people under the age of 70 die from non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with 86% of these premature deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Objectives To estimate the prevalence of NCD risk factors among adults (18-65 years) in a rural population.

A Comparative Study of Wound Infections Following Wound Closure Using Staples and Absorbable Sutures Among Obese Patients Undergoing Lumbar Fusion Surgery.

Background Infections of the wounds, organs, or spaces that develop following surgery are known as surgical site infections (SSIs). The incidence of wound infections in obese patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery with the use of absorbable sutures versus staples for skin closure has not been studied previously. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective observational study in our hospital where cases of lumbar spine surgery meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen retrospectively from March 2021 to March 2023.

Does Vitamin D3 Supplementation Improve Depression Scores among Rural Adolescents? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Contemporary evidence has been established demonstrating that stunted vitamin D levels are associated with depression, poor mood, and other mental disorders. Individuals with normal vitamin D levels have a much lower probability of developing depression. Improving vitamin D levels by supplementation has shown betterment in depressive patients among different age groups.

Prevalence of Depression and Coping Strategies Among Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Hospital-Based Study.

Background The burden of cancer is increasing in all countries and so is in India. Among Indian males, lung, mouth, and tongue are very common cancers. Cancer is a life-threatening stressful condition, and cancer survivors report negative effects which decrease the quality of life because of long-term post-treatment effects.

Is Sunshine Vitamin Related to Adolescent Depression? A Cross-Sectional Study of Vitamin D Status and Depression Among Rural Adolescents.

Background: Adolescence is the phase of rapid transition of the body. The requirement of all minerals and vitamins changes in this phase of life so does Vitamin D. Despite Vitamin D being abundantly available, its deficiency, which can cause innumerable side effects on the body, is extremely common among the general population.

How Did the Village Community Perceive and Draw Strategies Against the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Qualitative Exploration.

Objectives There is a lack of evidence about the difficulties faced by the villagers and the mechanisms they adopt to cope with the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, we tried to explore the various stressors experienced by the villagers and the coping mechanisms. We also tried to document the future strategies that could be adopted to address the current pandemic situation.

Does provision of cash incentive to HIV-infected tuberculosis patients improve the treatment success in programme settings? A cohort study from South India.

Background: In April 2018, the Government of India launched '' (NPY), a cash assistance scheme (500 Indian rupees [~8 USD] per month) intended to provide nutritional support and improve treatment outcomes among tuberculosis (TB) patients.

Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes of HIV-infected TB patients initiated on first-line anti-TB treatment in five selected districts of Karnataka, India before (April-September 2017) and after (April-September 2018) implementation of NPY.

Methods: This was a cohort study using secondary data routinely collected by the national TB and HIV programmes.

Comparison of two Anti Snake Venom protocols in hemotoxic snake bite: A randomized trial.

The dose of Anti Snake Venom (ASV) in hemotoxic snake bite depends on the amount of venom injected and species of snake. All trials in South East Asia have studied different doses of ASV, wherein the ASV in high dose group itself was lower than the dose that is recommended in Indian National protocol. These studies favored low dose protocol, as there was no difference in mortality and morbidity between the groups.

To start or to complete? - Challenges in implementing tuberculosis preventive therapy among people living with HIV: a mixed-methods study from Karnataka, India.

: Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) has been shown to reduce the risk of tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). In 2017, India began a nationwide roll-out of IPT, but there is a lack of evidence on the implementation and the challenges.: Among PLHIV newly initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) from January 2017 to June 2018, to: (i) assess the proportion who started and completed IPT and (ii) explore reasons for non-initiation and non-completion from health-care providers' and patients' perspectives.