Consensus recommendations on exploring effective solutions for the rising cost of diabetes.

Diabetes remains asymptomatic for a long period of time and its real burden gets noticed only once the complications set in. The number of individuals affected with the disease is also on the rise and more so in the low income countries. This scenario calls for urgent precautionary measures that need to be undertaken to equip ourselves to fight against this chronic disease.

Comparative Study of Piezoelectric and Rotary Osteotomy Technique for Third Molar Impaction.

Introduction: Bone removal is necessary for extracting the third molars that are erupted, partially erupted, and/or impacted in bone. Hence, it is necessary to choose a surgical method or instruments that conform to anatomic landmarks and are based on physiological principles. Many authors have reported injuries to the adjacent tooth, especially the distal part of periodontium after removal of second molar.

A Study on the Cardiac Manifestations of Dengue.

Objective: This study was done to study the prevalence of cardiac manifestations of dengue fever in patients presenting to our hospital and to find out the correlation of cardiac manifestations to warning signs of dengue and severe dengue.

Methods: The study was conducted at Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, which is a tertiary care hospital, in the Department of Medicine in the month of July 2013. One hundred consecutive patients aged 13 years or more with positive dengue serology were interviewed and examined.

Prophylactic Effects of Garlic Oil and Onion Oil Fractions as Compared to Vitamin E on Rats Orally Fed with Lead Acetate Solution.

Heavy metal pollution is a global public health challenge due to its stable and persistent environmental contamination. Of these lead is considered to be one of the most common ubiquitous and industrial pollutants and at low concentration it exerts extensive damages to the tissues. Daily feeding of lead acetate solution (Dose: 10 mg/kg/day) to normal rats for a month adversely altered the parameters of blood, serum and tissues, viz; RBC, WBC, Hb, ɗ- ALAD (Delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase), Pb content, lipids, oxidized lipids (TBARS), vitamins C and E and GSH levels and activities of AST, ALT and antioxidant enzymes viz; catalase, GR, Gpx and SOD.

Can the angle between optic nerves indicate whether optic chiasm is prefixed, normofixed or postfixed? An anatomical study with radiologic and neurosurgical implications.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to measure the angle (Interneural angle, INA) between intracranial segments of optic nerves (ISON), and to look for any relation between it and the relative anteroposterior location (RAPL) of the optic chiasm (OC)-viz. prefixed, normofixed and postfixed.

Methods: The sample comprised of 100 autopsy specimens from South Indian population.

Clinical efficacy of water extract of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. in patients of chronic heart failure: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: The stem bark of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight and Arn.

Prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and its risk factors in a community-based population in southern India.

Background: The prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) varies widely around the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of GERD in a general population of southern India.

Methods: An interview-based observational study was carried out in southern India during 2010 and early 2011 using a GERD questionnaire (GerdQ).

Vessels of the Central Airways: A Bronchoscopic Perspective.

Blood supply of the tracheobronchial tree is derived from a dual system involving pulmonary and bronchial circulation. Various primary and secondary abnormalities of central airway vasculature can present with patterns that are distinct during bronchoscopy. These patterns maybe visualized during bronchoscopic evaluation of a patient with hemoptysis or as an incidental finding during an airway examination for other indications.

A Morphometric Study of the Foramen of Diaphragma Sellae and Delineation of Its Relation to Optic Neural Pathways through Computer Aided Superimposition.

The diaphragma sellae (DS) is a fold of dura that forms a partial roof over the pituitary gland. The foramen of the diaphragma sellae (FDS) is thereby a pathway for suprasellar extension of pituitary tumors. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomical dimensions of the DS and FDS and to understand the relationship of FDS with the overlying optic chiasma.

Metadoxine Versus Placebo for the Treatment of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective And Design: The study aimed at assessing the therapeutic efficacy and safety of metadoxine versus placebo on the ultrasonographic and histological features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Subjects: 134 subjects with biopsy-confirmed NASH were randomized to receive metadoxine 500 mg two times daily (n = 75) or placebo (n = 59) added to the standard of care, over 16 weeks.

Efficacy Endpoints: Originally, the primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of: reduction in the steatosis by ≥1 grade, reduction in hepatic necro-inflammation by ≥1 grade and ALT normalization.

Primary splenic sarcoidosis.

Here we report a case of primary splenic sarcoidosis presenting with isolated splenomegaly with multiple splenic nodules. The sarcoidosis was diagnosed and treated by splenectomy.

Neonatal seizures: Predictors of adverse outcome.

Context: Early detection of predictors of adverse outcome will be helpful for neonatologists to plan management, follow up and rehabilitation in advance so that neurological disability can be minimised.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the adverse outcome of neonatal seizures.

Settings And Design: This is a prospective study conducted in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital.

A review on the role of nutraceuticals as simple as se(2+) to complex organic molecules such as glycyrrhizin that prevent as well as cure diseases.

Nutraceuticals are nutritional medicines which are present in edible food items. Most of them are antioxidants with various other biological properties viz, anti inflammatory, anti atherogenic, anticancer, anti viral, anti aging properties etc. They are as simple as minerals like Se(2+) to complex organic molecules such as glycyrrhizin (Ca(2+), K(+) salts of glycyrrhizic acid).

Effect of Smoking on Metalloproteinases (MMPs) Activity in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).

Introduction: Many risk factors are involved in the course and pathogenesis of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Smoking can significantly increase the AMI mortality and morbidity. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a class of Zn containing enzymes, are involved in the erosion of the fibrous cap and rupture of the plaque which leads to AMI.

White lesions in the oral cavity: a clinicopathological study from a tertiary care dermatology centre in kerala, India.

Context: White lesions in the oral cavity may be benign, pre-malignant or malignant. There are no signs and symptoms which can reliably predict whether a leukoplakia will undergo malignant change or not. Many systemic conditions appear initially in the oral cavity and prompt diagnosis and management can help in minimizing disease progression and organ destruction.

Not just skin deep: a case report of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Multiple endrocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 is characterized by mainly a triad of pancreatic, pituitary and parathyroid involvement. This is a case report of a 41-year-old male in whom recognition of collagenoma and gingival papule led to the identification of MEN type 1. Often the recognition of such dermatological manifestations help in the presymptomatic diagnosis of complex syndromes.