Benign Adult-Type Osteopetrosis with Recurrent Osteomyelitis of the Maxilla-A Rare Case Report.

Osteopetrosis, also known as marble bone disease, is a genetic condition characterised by generalised sclerosis of bones. The osteoclastic cells responsible for bone resorption are defective and nonfunctional. These patients tend to have low bone quality in spite of increased bone deposition and thus experience multiple fractures during their life span.

Candida Albicans Candidalysin ECE1 Gene - A Potent Virulence Factor for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.

Background: Candidalysin has been isolated initially from a pathogenic human fungus. The extent of cell elongation 1 (ECE1) gene codes for candidalysin of Candida albicans (C. albicans).

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of White Spot Lesion Management Among Dental Professionals in South India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction White spot lesions (WSLs) are opacities formed due to decalcification occurring in the enamel's subsurface layer. These lesions are most commonly seen in patients during and after fixed orthodontic treatment due to undisturbed accumulation of plaque. Other factors that can predispose to WSLs are enamel hypomineralization, hypomaturation, hypoplasia, and disruption in the levels of salivary calcium, phosphate, bicarbonate, and fluoride.

Anatomical Insights: Two Case Reports on Protostylid Variants and Literature Synthesis.

Protostylids are an anatomical variant of the paramolar tubercle, which refers to the presence of an additional cusp in the buccal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular bicuspids and molars. This structure, first reported by Dahlberg in 1950, is found in low frequencies and plays a significant role in dental anthropology. This anatomical variant, if present poses a threat to dental caries and periodontal diseases and hence requires early diagnosis and preventive dental care.

Parental Experiences on Learning About and Caring for Children with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Qualitative Study from South India.

Objectives: The study aimed to understand parents' reactions to cleft, the manner in which they learned about its presence, and the challenges they faced in caring for their child with a view to providing healthcare professionals insights toward enhancing care delivery.

Design: Qualitative in-depth interviews using the grounded theory approach were carried out with 11 mothers and fathers of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) attending a cleft speciality hospital in Chennai city, in South India.

Results: Analysis resulted in the discovery of 5 core categories, learning about CLP-when and how, reactions and attributions to CLP, learning about and expectations from treatment, caring for a child with CLP and support systems.

Achieving Clinical Success in Root Coverage and Aesthetic Improvement by Using Subepithelial Connective Tissue Grafts: A Report of Two Cases.

Over the years, several modalities have been established to treat gingival recession. Nonetheless, subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SECTGs) remain a dependable technique for root coverage, mainly due to their superior vascularization. However, the procurement of the CTG is susceptible to technique sensitivity; consequently, various methodologies have emerged to harvest CTGs to mitigate donor site trauma.

Ternion Approach of Surgical Coverage in Single Tooth Recession: A Case Report on a Novel Technique.

The goal of mucogingival surgery or periodontal plastic surgery is to preserve gingiva, remove aberrant frenum or muscle attachments, increase vestibular depth, and correct the denuded root surface. Recession coverage is indeed a challenging technique, whereas covering the exposed roots is not only important for aesthetic reasons but also for preventing further issues such as tooth sensitivity, root decay, and loss of supporting bone. A coronally advanced flap (CAF) is one of the most common procedures done for recession coverage because of the concept that the coronal advancement of a flap without tension to cover the exposed root surface or CAF with autogenous grafts results in bulk and improves the thickness of the gingival tissue, increasing the stability and aesthetics of the result.

Frenectomy Managed by a Bilateral Pedicle Flap: A Case Report.

In the oral cavity, the frenum is an anatomical structure composed of mucosal folds that connect the lip and cheek to the alveolar mucosa, gingiva, and underlying periosteum. An abnormally positioned maxillary labial frenum can contribute to the formation of a diastema and gingival recession. Various techniques have been proposed for the correction of aberrant frenal attachments, including frenectomy and frenal repositioning procedures.

Mari's novel T shaped incision in frenotomy technique with bilateral pedicle flap- an aesthetic approach.

Background: Aberrant frenum attachments often lead to mucogingival deformities, culminating in both functional impairments and aesthetic concerns. Traditional frenectomy procedures are associated with extensive incisions and resultant wound defects. To address these challenges, a novel T-shaped incision technique has been developed.

Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma of mandible.

Oral metastasis from the colon is quite rare with limited reporting and scientific evidence. The most common metastasis from colorectal cancer is to the liver followed by lungs, bones, and other organs. However rare occurrences like metastasis to the oral cavity might worsen the prognosis and treatment outcome.

Trailblazer in Health Education: The Legacy of Thomas Denison Wood.

Thomas Denison Wood, often regarded as the "Father of Health Education," was a pioneering figure in the early 20th century whose work laid the foundation for modern health education. His contributions were instrumental in integrating health education into the public school curriculum in the United States. Wood advocated for a holistic approach to health, encompassing physical fitness, hygiene, nutrition, mental health, and preventive care.

Evaluation of the pH and Antibacterial Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate With and Without the Incorporation of Titanium Tetrafluoride.

Introduction Microorganisms play an important role in causing inflammation in the pulp and periapical regions. Even after undergoing chemo-mechanical procedures during root canal treatment, bacteria may persist within dentinal tubules, posing a risk of disease recurrence. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), introduced as a dental material, has been investigated as a potential antibacterial agent since its early use.

Characterization of missense nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism of runt-related transcription factor-2 gene - An in silico approach.

Objectives: Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) codes for multiple amino acids, impacting protein functions and disease prognosis. Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), a transcription factor linked to osteoblast differentiation, regulates cell proliferation in endothelium and osteoblastic cells. Understanding Runx2's role in nonosseous tissues is rapidly advancing.

Accelerating the Orthodontic Treatment Using Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO): A Periodontic-Orthodontic Interrelationship.

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) is a periodontal-orthodontic interrelationship procedure that helps in accelerating orthodontic treatment by periodontal procedure reinforcement. This depends on the principle of the regional acceleratory phenomenon which involves inducing changes in the biology of periodontal tissues to fasten the orthodontic tooth movement by creating a surge in the osteopenic environment for tooth movement followed by bone deposition and mineralisation to stabilise the tooth in newly moved position. This PAOO involves the intentional creation of surgical corticotomy cuts followed by a grafting procedure to maintain bone resorption and thickness.

The Use of Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Technology for Zirconia Crowns After Laser-Assisted Crown Lengthening and Retraction: A Case Report.

Maintenance of biological width serves as a primary factor in periodontal-restorative relationships. Crown lengthening (CL) is a technique to prevent violation of biological width, with the laser method offering the advantage of surgical and patient-related outcomes. Laser CL with retraction helps with the excision of tissues, increasing the CL, maintaining the gingival contour with adequate exposure to the finish line to record the tooth preparation features.

A multi-centric, single-blinded, randomized, parallel-group study to evaluate the effectiveness of nasoalveolar moulding treatment in non-syndromic patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate (NAMUC study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are among the most common congenital anomaly that affects up to 33,000 newborns in India every year. Nasoalveolar moulding (NAM) is a non-surgical treatment performed between 0 and 6 months of age to reduce the cleft and improve nasal aesthetics prior to lip surgery. The NAM treatment has been a controversial treatment option with 51% of the cleft teams in Europe, 37% of teams in the USA and 25 of cleft teams in India adopting this methodology.

Evaluation of In-Vitro Studies of the Shalmali Extract on Human Endometrial Stromal Cells.

The utilization of herbal formulations for the management of reproductive tract disorders has been a longstanding practice in traditional medicine. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a herbal extract, Shalmali (Bombax ceiba), in addressing uterine bleeding, a common concern in gynecological health. Through gene expression analysis, this study examined the impact of Shalmali extract on key genes associated with uterine bleeding, namely ESR1, CD56, and SDF-1, in the human endometrial stromal cell line (T HESC).

Advancements in the Synthesis and Functionalization of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Enhanced Oral Cancer Therapy.

The fabrication of zinc oxide-based nanomaterials (including natural and synthetic polymers like sulfated polysaccharide, chitosan, and polymethyl methacrylate) has potential to improve oral cancer treatment strategies. This comprehensive review explores the diverse synthesis methods employed to fabricate zinc oxide nanomaterials tailored for oral cancer applications. Several synthesis processes, particularly sol-gel, hydrothermal, and chemical vapor deposition approaches, are thoroughly studied, highlighting their advantages and limitations.

Dental antibiotic policies, stewardship, and implementation in India: A policy document analysis.

Objectives: Dental antibiotic stewardship is crucial in low- and middle-income countries where the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is high and antibiotic misuse is common. Given that India is the most populous country, the largest antibiotic consumer and has a large dental prescriber population, this study investigated the extent to which current Indian policy and practice for dental antibiotic prescribing and stewardship aligns with the global policy and best practice.

Methods: The READ approach was used to identify and extract data and synthesize the findings.

Ameloblastic Carcinoma in a Young Adult Male Patient - A Case Report.

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor that is further classified into being primary or secondary arising from a preexisting benign ameloblastoma. It affects the mandible in two thirds of the patients. There is no standard treatment protocol for this lesion but radicalsurgical excision with or without radiotherapy is reported in the majority of cases.

- A Boon for Periodontists?

The majority of species previously categorized as Bacteroides have been reassigned into new genera. Bacteroides levii (Holdeman, Cato, and Mooretaxonomic)'s status has remained uncertain. This species shares a high degree of similarity with members of the genus Porphyromonas based on biochemical, chemical, and comparative 16s rRNA sequence analysis.

The GC-MS Study of the Ayurvedic Formulation "Dhanwantharam Thailam" Used for Rheumatism.

Background: The scientific validity of contemporary and alternative medicinal practices, such as Ayurveda and Siddha, holds significant importance in today's context.

Aim And Objective: The present study employs gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to investigate a pain-relieving Ayurvedic oil, Dhanwantharam Thailam, aiming to establish correlations between its medicinal activity and the biomolecules it contains.

Materials And Methods: Procured sample from a reputable Ayurvedic vendor in Chennai, Dhanwantharam Thailam underwent GC-MS analysis using standard procedures.

The Unilateral Enigma: An Oral-contraceptive Related Gingival Enlargement.

This article's goal is to describe a case of oral contraceptives-related drug-induced gingival hypertrophy that was treated with nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. The most prevalent negative side effect of systemic medicine on the periodontal tissues continues to be drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Specific regulatory molecules known as hormones control a variety of bodily processes.

Biphasic Calcium Phosphate in the Extraction Socket Preservation: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Various studies have suggested use of socket grafting materials after dental extraction for socket preservation. However, there is no single material that has been accepted as standard for preserving the socket. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the evidence for the use of biphasic calcium phosphate for socket regeneration.