Sports Med
January 2025
School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are a major health issue in athletes of varying ages, ability levels, and sports. Concerns over the short- and long-term consequences of SRCs have incentivized a wealth of products and policies aimed at reducing SRC risk. Research suggesting the effectiveness of such interventions at reducing SRCs has facilitated their adoption by sports organizations and, in some cases, product commercialization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
January 2025
Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo Life Sciences, Global R&D, Leicester, UK.
Although dietary guidelines concerning carbohydrate intake for athletes are well established, these do not include recommendations for daily fibre intake. However, there are many scenarios in sports nutrition in which common practice involves the manipulation of fibre intake to address gastrointestinal comfort around exercise, or acute or chronic goals around the management of body mass or composition. The effect of fibre intake in overall health is also important, particularly in combination with other dietary considerations such as the elevated protein requirements in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
January 2025
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, UK.
Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Sports Medicine, Pontchaillou Hospital, Rennes, France.
Background: Although many studies have demonstrated a lower incidence of sudden cardiac arrest or death (SCA/D) in female athletes than in male, there is limited understanding of the specific underlying causes.
Objective: This systematic review aimed to assess the disparities in SCA/D incidence between male and female competitive athletes and explore the associated etiologies.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for retrospective and prospective studies examining SCA/D incidence in male and female athletes.
Sports Med
December 2024
Ultra Sports Science Foundation, Pierre-Bénite, France.
Background: Antarctic expeditions, although supported by scientific knowledge, face various challenges, with little research conducted to explore the physical demands that explorers experience.
Objective: To summarise physiological, psychological, body composition and nutritional changes faced during trek expeditions in the Antarctic's continental portion.
Design: Systematic review.
Sports Med
December 2024
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Motor competence is related to a large number of correlates of different natures, forming together a system with flexible parts that are synergically and cooperatively connected to produce a wide range of motor outcomes that cannot be explained from a predetermined linear view or a unique mechanism. The diversity of interacting correlates, the various connections between them, and the fast changes between assessments at different time points are clear barriers to the study of motor competence. In this manuscript, we present a multilayer framework that accounts for the theoretical background and the potential mathematical procedures necessary to represent the non-linear, complex, and dynamic relationships between several underlying correlates that emerge as a motor competence network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
December 2024
Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie Campus, Major Innes Road 7, Port Macquarie, NSW, 2444, Australia.
Sports Med
December 2024
ChampionsEdge, LLC, New York, NY, USA.
Sports Med
December 2024
Blood Purification Center, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Wanping Road No. 725, Shanghai, China.
Sports Med
December 2024
Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sports Med
December 2024
Human Performance Science Research Group, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
With sport coaches adopting and working toward increasingly evidence-grounded approaches to practice, skill acquisition has appropriately become a critical area for consideration. As part of this growing interest in skill acquisition, the ecological dynamics approach has garnered attention amongst scholars and practitioners with myriad media (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent years have seen the development of various classifications of muscle injuries, primarily based on the topographic location within the bone-tendon-muscle chain. This paper proposes an enhanced nomenclature for muscle injuries that incorporates histoarchitectural definitions alongside topographic classifications, emphasizing the importance of connective tissue damage characterization. A detailed understanding of the distinct anatomical and histological characteristics of tendon, aponeurosis, and fascia is essential for consistent terminology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-3, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Background: Under controlled conditions and in some observational studies of runners, airborne fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM) is associated with exercise performance decrements.
Objective: To assess the association between event-day fine particulate matter air pollution (PM) and marathon finish times.
Sports Med
December 2024
Faculty of Sports Ensenada, Autonomous University of Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico.
Exercise training performed at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation improves cardiovascular function and metabolic health while simultaneously reducing visceral adipose tissue in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, it is currently considered an efficient non-pharmacological approach for the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Over the last 5 years, several studies have reported a diurnal variation in both resting fat oxidation as well as maximal fat oxidation recorded during submaximal intensity exercise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
December 2024
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
Background: Physical activity is beneficial for preventing non-communicable and infectious diseases, such as pneumonia. Physical activity is also a potential protective factor for reducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Conversely, outbreaks of respiratory viral infections are more likely to occur owing to group activities, opportunities for contact with individuals and vocalisations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
December 2024
Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, 4226, Australia.
Background: The incidence and risk factors for sport-related concussion (SRC) associated with contact and collision invasion sports (CCIS) in female youth are unclear.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify (i) the incidence of and (ii) risk factors for SRC in female youth athletes playing CCIS.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, SPORTDiscus and ProQuest to 8 May, 2024 was conducted.
Sports Med
December 2024
Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Background: To combat the high prevalence of physical inactivity among children, there is an urgent need to develop and implement real-world interventions and policies that promote physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary behaviour (SB). To inform policy makers, the current body of evidence for children's PA/SB interventions needs to be translated.
Objectives: The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify modifiable determinants of device-measured PA and SB targeted in available intervention studies with randomized controlled trial (RCT) and controlled trial (CT) designs in children and early adolescents (5-12 years) and to quantify the effects of the interventions within their respective settings on the determinants of PA/SB and the outcomes PA and SB.
Sports Med
December 2024
Tanenbaum Institute for Science in Sport, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Many areas of mainstream psychology have embraced the notions that understanding human behaviour can be improved by integrating developments from evolutionary science; however, evolutionary principles have not been as widely applied among sport researchers or practitioners, especially those examining athlete development and the psychology of competition and performance. In this paper, we discuss the distinction between ultimate and proximate explanations of psychological outcomes, and the relevance of this distinction for exploring issues related to skill acquisition and athlete development. We use three examples-deliberate practice, early sport play and sustained engagement-to highlight the benefits and challenges of applying evolutionary theories to sport contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
December 2024
Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: The training characteristics and training intensity distribution (TID) of elite athletes have been extensively studied, but a comprehensive analysis of the TID across runners from different performance levels is lacking.
Methods: Training sessions from the 16 weeks preceding 151,813 marathons completed by 119,452 runners were analysed. The TID was quantified using a three-zone approach (Z1, Z2 and Z3), where critical speed defined the boundary between Z2 and Z3, and the transition between Z1 and Z2 was assumed to occur at 82.
Sports Med
November 2024
Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Sports Med
November 2024
Health Science Program, Sao Francisco University (USF), Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed before, during, and after cancer treatment can attenuate the adverse effects induced by anti-cancer drugs. A clear presentation and rationale of characteristics of HIIT variables is vital to produce the expected HIIT adaptations in cancer patients. However, there are concerns regarding the HIIT protocols used in the cancer literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
November 2024
School of Physical Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
Background: Physical literacy (PL) can positively affect the health of children, adolescents, and adults, and is closely related to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between overall physical literacy (PL) and CRF in children and adolescents.
Methods: Cross-sectional, cohort and experimental studies on the relationship between PL and CRF in children and adolescents were collected by searching the Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases.
Sports Med
November 2024
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: As the focus of classification shifts towards an evidence-based approach, it is crucial to establish a robust system that relies on valid and reliable measures of impairment to ensure legitimate and competitive opportunities for all Para athletes. However, the lack of methods that possess the necessary measurement properties for assessing impairments in Para sporting populations presents significant challenges to developing an evidence-based classification system.
Objective: This review aimed to identify and evaluate measures of impairment and activity limitation measures that have been used to assess eligible impairments in Para sport athletes for potential use in evidence-based classification.
Sports Med
November 2024
Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, 550 Brandon Avenue, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
Background: Several factors such as acute symptom severity, premorbid anxiety, and depression have been associated with concussion recovery. Elevated kinesiophobia has been associated with recovery from musculoskeletal conditions, as well as increased reaction time and vestibular-ocular motor dysfunction following concussion. However, kinesiophobia has yet to be evaluated as a modifier of concussion recovery time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med
November 2024
CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Background: Over the past few decades, the scientific community has recognized the impact of physical activity on health and performance. In parallel, researchers have been actively exploring novel methodologies to analyze the physiological and metabolic responses to exercise. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool in this effort, offering the potential to provide unique insights into exercise-related changes at the molecular level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF© LitMetric 2025. All rights reserved.