Hypertension Exacerbates Cerebrovascular Oxidative Stress Induced by Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Protective Effects of the Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidative Peptide SS-31.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces cerebrovascular oxidative stress, which is associated with neurovascular uncoupling, autoregulatory dysfunction, and persisting cognitive decline in both pre-clinical models and patients. However, single mild TBI (mTBI), the most frequent form of brain trauma, increases cerebral generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) only transiently. We hypothesized that comorbid conditions might exacerbate long-term ROS generation in cerebral arteries after mTBI.

Effect of a session of intensive exercise with ginseng supplementation on histone H3 protein methylation of skeletal muscle of nonathlete men.

Purpose: The pressure and stress caused by some intense exercises cause changes in histone proteins and gene expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one session of intensive exercise with supplementation of ginseng, on the methylation of H3K-36 histone protein in skeletal muscle of young nonathlete men.

Methods: After the approval by the ethics committee, 12 untrained male subjects were randomly assigned to either exercise group (six subjects) or exercise and supplement group.

Whole-Body Vibration Training Increases Myocardial Salvage Against Acute Ischemia in Adult Male Rats.

Background: Whole body vibration training (WBV) is a new training program, which is safe and effective. It can be followed by the public. However, data on the safety and efficacy of vibration on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury are lacking.

Neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin in a rat model of spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to constant neurological deficits and long-term unalterable disability. Apoptosis plays an important role in the initiation of the secondary injury cascades leading to progressive tissue damage and severely functional deficits after SCI. Although the primary mechanical destructive events cannot be reversed, a therapeutic intervention could be carried out in order to moderate the secondary injury damage several hours to weeks after injury.

Alteration in cardiac uncoupling proteins and eNOS gene expression following high-intensity interval training in favor of increasing mechanical efficiency.

Objectives: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases energy expenditure and mechanical energy efficiency. Although both uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) affect the mechanical efficiency and antioxidant capacity, their effects are inverse. The aim of this study was to determine whether the alterations of cardiac UCP2, UCP3, and eNOS mRNA expression following HIIT are in favor of increased mechanical efficiency or decreased oxidative stress.

Cardioprotective Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Nitric Oxide Metabolites (NO2 (-), NO3 (-)).

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on nitric oxide metabolites (NO2(-), NO3(-)) and myocardial infarct size after Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury in healthy male rats.

Methods: A total of 44 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including HIIT (n=8), HIIT + IR protocol (n=14), control (n=8), and control + IR (n=14). Each training session of HIIT consisted of 1 hour of exercise in three stages: 6-minute running at 50-60% VO2max for warm-up; 7 intervals of 7-minute running on treadmill with a slope of 5° to 20° (4 minutes with an intensity of 80-100% VO2max and 3 minutes at 50-60% VO2max); and 5-minute running at 50-60% VO2max for cool-down.

Long-term effect of motivational interviewing on dietary intake and weight loss in Iranian obese/overweight women.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether motivational interviewing (MI) could change dietary habit and body mass index (BMI) in obese/overweight women.

Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled study was performed in four health centers in Qazvin, central Iran. In total, 327 obese/overweight women were selected by a multi-stage sampling method and randomly assigned into control and experimental groups.

The efficacy of antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress and androgen rise in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats.

Administration of natural antioxidants has been used to protect against nephrolithiasis. Urolithiasis was induced by ethylene glycol (EG) in Wistar rats. For 4 weeks, group 1 (control) was fed with a standard commercial diet.

Androgens involvement in the pathogenesis of renal stones formation.

Objective: The potential role for the gonadal steroids in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis, higher mean of plasma oxalate concentration and kidney calcium oxalate deposition influenced by androgens in men has been proposed. In this study, the serum levels of steroid hormones as a pathogenesis of this condition in male patients with active renal stone disease compared with controls was investigated.

Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with renal stones and hospitalized for further clinical treatments or referred to our office after ultrasonographic evaluations participated in the study.

Antioxidant therapy prevents ethylene glycol-induced renal calcium oxalate crystal deposition in Wistar rats.

Purpose: Renal epithelial cell injury by reactive oxygen species is a prerequisite step in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis, and there is increasing evidence that reactive oxygen species is produced and oxidative stress (OS) is developed during idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. It appears that the administration of natural antioxidants has been used to protect against nephrolithiasis in human and experimental animals.

Methods: Calcium oxalate urolithiasis was induced experimentally by administration of 0.

Knee Flexion Strength Before and After ACL Reconstruction Using Hamstring Tendon Autografts.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most common sports injury in both athletes and nonathletes; it can cause disability if not treated correctly. In cases with minor injuries, conservative treatments suffice. But, in cases with ACL tear, surgery by different methods and autografts are indicated.

Antioxidants inhibition of high plasma androgenic markers in the pathogenesis of ethylene glycol (EG)-induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats.

The association between serum gonadal steroids and urolithiasis in males received only limited attention. Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is induced by administration of ethylene glycol in drinking water. It appears that the administration of natural antioxidants has been used to protect against nephrolithiasis in human and experimental animals.

Effect of consumption of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on bone mechanical properties and corresponding metabolic hormones in rats.

The consumption of fatty acids, nutrients, and regular physical activity, individually influence bone mechanical properties in rats. To investigate their effects in combination, male rats were divided into the seven groups: G1: regular food and drinking water; G2: same as Gr.1 + physical activity (Whole body vibration; WBV); G3: same as Gr.

Effect of combination therapy of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on cardiovascular risk factors in rat.

The effect of consumption of fatty acids and selected nutrients, along with regular physical activity, on cardiovascular risk factors in rats was investigated.Male rats were divided into the seven groups: Group 1: regular food and drinking water, Group 2: same as Group. 1 + physical activity (whole body vibration; WBV), Group 3: same as Group.

Whole body vibration is a safe exercise training method and induces no impaired alterations on rat plasma parameters.

Unlabelled: Whole body vibration (WBV) has been regarded as an exercise training method and as a non-pharmacological supportive treatment option appearing to be efficient for chronic disease conditions, such as bone disorders and cardio-respiratory fitness. Since, data on the safety and efficacy of vibration on plasma parameters are lacking, therefore, it was decided to assess the effects of WBV on the plasma parameters in adult male Wistar rat model.

Methods: Male Wistar rats, weighing 140–180 g, were divided into control and the vibration group.

Cardio-pulmonary fitness test by ultra-short heart rate variability.

Objectives: It is known that exercise induces cardio-respiratory autonomic modulation. The aim of this study was to assess the cardio-pulmonary fitness by ultra-short heart rate variability.

Materials And Methods: Study population was divided into 3 groups: Group-1 (n = 40) consisted of military sports man.

Effect of regular physical activity on non-lipid (novel) cardiovascular risk factors.

Objectives: Cardiovascular - coronary heart disease, causing heart attack and heart failure is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The most important risk factors for CVD are well-established and physical activity has long been considered the cornerstone of interventions and has shown extremely important in reducing the burden of this disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association between activity and inactivity and non-lipid CVD risk factors in healthy military recruits.

Regular physical activity as a basic component of lifestyle modification reduces major cardiovascular risk factors among male armored force personnel of Shabestar army installation in Iran.

Objectives: Cardiovascular/Coronary Heart Disease (CVD) is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The most important risk factors for CVD are well-established and are strongly influenced by lifestyle changes. Clearly, physical activity has been shown to be extremely important in reducing the burden of this disease.

Comparative effects of daily and weekly boron supplementation on plasma steroid hormones and proinflammatory cytokines.

Boron possesses widespread properties in biochemistry and nutrition. Acute supplementation with 11.6 mg of boron resulted in a significant increase in plasma boron concentration.

Effect of extreme exercise on myocardial function as assessed by tissue Doppler imaging.

Background: Response of the human heart to exercise has been studied extensively, but little information is available on the effects of exhaustive exercise on cardiac performance.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of severe prolong exercise on both left and right ventricular performance. To maximize the sensitivity of our study we used tissue Doppler imaging.