Unusual Combination of Lateral Condyle Mass Fracture and Olecranon Fracture in a Child: A Case Report.

Fractures of the lateral condyle and olecranon are two of the most common elbow injuries in the pediatric age group. However, their simultaneous occurrence is rare. Proper understanding and management of these injuries are essential to prevent long-term complications.

Thermo-flexible resin for the 3D printing of occlusal splints: A randomized pilot trial.

Objectives: To compare the clinical performance of occlusal splints printed from thermo-flexible resin with milled splints.

Methods: A parallel two-arm pilot trial was initiated. Forty-seven patients (n women=38) were recruited from a tertiary care center and randomized using an online tool (sealed envelope).

Managing Fractures and Sprains.

Primary care physicians are often the first to evaluate patients with extremity injuries. Identification of fractures and sprains and their proper management is paramount. After appropriate imaging is obtained, immobilization and determination of definitive management, either nonoperative or operative, is critical.

Effect of Side Struts on the Strength of Long Arm Plaster Splints: A Biomechanical Study.

Background: There are multiple methods of achieving upper extremity immobilization after pediatric elbow injuries; however, no biomechanical study has established an optimal construct. The goal of this study was to compare the strength of commonly used long arm splints and to evaluate the effect of reinforcing plaster splints with side struts.

Methods: Five categories of long arm posterior slab splints were tested: 4-inch plaster without side struts, 4-inch plaster with a medial side strut, 4-inch plaster with medial and lateral side struts, 5-inch plaster without side struts, and 4-inch fiberglass splint material without side struts.

Pediatric Forearm Fractures Are Effectively Immobilized With a Sugar-Tong Splint Following Closed Reduction.

Introduction: Following closed reduction and initial casting of pediatric forearm fractures, loss of reduction (LOR) occurs in ∼5% to 75% of fractures. Sugar-tong splinting has been shown to maintain acceptable reduction in pediatric distal radius fractures while potentially avoiding issues associated with circumferential casting. We hypothesized that the sugar-tong splint would be an acceptable method for initial immobilization to prevent LOR in distal, mid-shaft, and proximal pediatric forearm fractures.

Comparative strength of elbow splint designs: a new splint design as a stronger alternative to posterior splints.

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries of the upper extremity are frequently treated with temporary external immobilization. Traditionally, long arm posterior splints have been used to limit flexion/extension of the elbow. However, long arm posterior splints have been observed to fail clinically, necessitating a stronger alternative.

Blunt trauma to the antecubital fossa causing brachial artery injury and minor fractures around the elbow joint, an easily missed diagnosis with potential devastating consequences: a case report.

Background: Blunt trauma causing brachial artery injury in a young patient is very rare. Cases of brachial artery injury may be associated with closed elbow dislocation or instability. Elbow dislocation may not be evident clinically and radiologically on initial presentation.

Optimal postoperative immobilisation for supracondylar humeral fractures.

Background: Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHFs) are very common in paediatric patients. In France, percutaneous fixation with two lateral-entry pins is widely used after successful closed reduction. Postoperative immobilisation is typically with a long arm cast combined with a tubular-bandage sling that immobilises the shoulder and holds the arm in adduction and internal rotation to prevent external rotation of the shoulder, which might cause secondary displacement.

Percutaneous Screw Fixation of Lateral Condylar Humeral Fractures.

Lateral condylar humeral fractures are the second most common elbow injury in children and commonly occur between the ages of 5 and 10 years. There are several systems for classification of this fracture, including those of Milch (fracture line location) and Jakob et al. (displacement).

Gartland type I supracondylar humerus fractures in children: is splint immobilization enough?

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine if Gartland type I supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures undergo significant displacement resulting in a change in management when treated with a long-arm splint. Secondary objectives included measured changes at follow-up in displacement and/or angulation.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of children who presented with elbow injuries to a children's hospital.

[Py-Desmanet pinning in distal radius fractures].

Unlabelled: Internal fixation by pinning is one of the most used methods of surgical treatment in fractures of the distal extremity of the radius. As in stable fractures a styloid pinning is satisfactory, in unstable fractures however we must resort to different patterns of pin insertion, in order to effectively prevent the secondary displacement of the fractured fragments. The elastic pinning described by Py and Desmanet is one of the possibilities of inserting the pins.

Pediatric supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus.

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are a common pediatric elbow injury that are historically associated with morbidity due to malunion, neurovascular complications, and compartment syndrome. True anteroposterior and lateral radiographs are essential not only for an accurate diagnosis, but also for creating a treatment plan for these injuries. A staging system (based on the lateral radiograph) for classifying the severity of the fracture helps guide definitive management.

Tilting of splinted implants for improved prosthodontic support: a two-dimensional finite element analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Presence of the maxillary sinus or the mental foramen may prevent implant treatment in the posterior maxilla or mandible. Tilting of distal implants supporting fixed restorations may be a valid treatment alternative.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate if tilting of splinted implants affects stress distribution in the bone surrounding the implant cervix, and to investigate if the use of tilted implants as distal abutments is biomechanically superior to the use of distal cantilevers.

Nonoperative treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures in children: Rigault type 2 fractures.

Background: Current opinion in the medical literature concerning displaced supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus recommends pinning because with flexion braces there is a risk of both secondary displacement and Volkmann syndrome.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed 84 children with displaced supracondylar fractures. According to Rigault's classification, 30 children had grade 2 fractures, 21 had grade 3, 28 had grade 4 and 5 had multiple fragments, which were thus outside this classification.

The autologous internal breast splint: A novel technique for the treatment of postaugmentation ptosis.

Background: Many patients who receive breast implants eventually develop breast ptosis and a descent of the inframammary fold. This usually requires either exchange for a larger implant, mastopexy (vertical or "T" incision), or more recently, the use of the so-called "power lift" or suturing of the posterior leaf of the capsule to the pectoralis major muscle.

Objective: We report on a new technique for correction of postaugmentation ptosis, also called "implant ptosis," (IP) without making any further incisions on the breast or producing any breast distortion.

[Does simple posterior dislocation of the elbow necessitate strict immobilization?].

Objective: To research for the ideal treatment of isolated posterior dislocation with the elbow after reduction.

Methods: 36 patients of isolated posterior dislocation of the elbow after closed reduction (male 26, female 10; left 14, right 22; dominant extremity 21, undominant extremity 15; average age 22) were examined by varus and valgus stress test and push-draw test. Satisfactory stability from 30 degrees to 130 degrees flexion of the elbow was found in all patients.

Peripheral nerve injuries in athletes. Treatment and prevention.

Peripheral nerve lesions are uncommon but serious injuries which may delay or preclude an athlete's safe return to sports. Early, accurate anatomical diagnosis is essential. Nerve lesions may be due to acute injury (e.

Free vascularized bone transplants in problematic nonunions of fractures.

Three cases with nonunion of long bones and problems of bone loss or infection, when conventional bone graft would probably not have been successful, were treated successfully by free vascularized bone transplant to provide a vascular bed in the nonunion site and internal splint, the donor bone being the composite rib graft based on posterior intercostal vessels and proximal fibula based on its peroneal vascular pedicle. The operative technique was divided into five stages, and each stage posed different problems at the donor and recipient areas and vessel anastomoses. Despite these disadvantages, all three cases proceeded to solid bony union in less than 4 months after surgery.