[Opinions about quality of life in glaucoma patients with medications in Romania].

Purpose: Estimation of quality of life and the possibility of improvement for glaucoma patients under antiglaucoma eye-drops treatment.

Methods And Materials: An interview was conducted among 30 glaucoma patients who under medical treatment and whose glaucoma didn't evolve during the previous 12 months, taking into consideration their visual field, intraocular pressure and ophthalmoscopic view of the optic disc. The patients were asked about their background, socio-cultural status, age, type of therapy they were following and their degree of satisfaction regarding the therapy's effect over their life quality.

[Corneal transplantation in Romania].

The paper shows the activity of corneal transplantation in Romania. The author discuss about the aspects involved in this activity. The laws about donation, prelevation and surgery.

[Malignant hypertension--case report].

The authors present the case of a 25 year old man who presented in our clinic because of an important decreasing of his visual acuity at AO (OS > OD) which had installed progressively 3 months before his presentation. After the FAO examination there were found important changes with the bilateral presence of the papilledema, macular edema, hemorrhages in flame on the route of big vessels and the presence of multiple hard and soft exudates. After the clinical examination, it was found the presence of arterial hypertension TA = 240/140.

[Specular microscopy and pseudoexfoliative syndrome].

Focal production of pseudoexfoliative material is a stress to the endothelial cells, leading to a secondary degeneration and corneal decompensation. This typically occurs as a bilateral, asymmetrical, slowly progressive corneal endotheliopathy, more frequent in women, after the seventh decade of age. A severe decrease of endothelial cell density occurs--shown by specular microscopy.

[Left paraduodenal hernia with particular evolution].

Paraduodenal hernia is a rare situation, less than 400 cases being published in literature. This condition is difficult to explore, diagnose appear within an occlusive syndrome. The etiopathology involves perturbation of intestinal rotation during the intrauterine life, producing paraduodenal fossa, which generates conditions for internal hernias and occlusive situations.

[Comparative study of endothelial changes in cataract surgery with phacoemulsification technique].

Purpose: The comparative analysis of the corneal endothelium modifications (density, pleiomorphism and poly-megetism) appeared as a result of the phacoemulsification through divide and conquer (D-C) respectively phaco-chop (P-C) technique.

Material And Method: One year prospective, observational and interventional clinical study on 60 eyes with cataract surgery through phacoemulsification by the same surgeon. They were split in 2 groups of study according to the hardness of the cataract (Group A-30 eyes with the hardness of the cataract 3+ and Group B-30 eyes with the hardness of the cataract 4+).

[Inferior temporal branch arterial occlusion--acute form].

The authors present the case of a female patient, 72 years old, smoker for 50 years, with a complex pathology--cardiovascular (coronary artery disease with heart failure, hypercoagulable state and 40% left carotid artery stenosis) and breast carcinoma--surgically treated, who was admitted in the Ophthalmology Clinic of the Emergency Central Military Hospital Bucharest, with the diagnosis of Left Eye Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion (temporal inferior) acute form--which occurred 10 days ago. The reason of the hospital admission was left eye visual field deficit--horizontal (altitudinal), in the superior 1/2 of the visual field, but not accompanied by the left eye visual acuity decrease (left eye best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20--due to the particularity of the case by the existence of 2 cilio-retinal arteries at the left eye). Complete ocular and systemic work-up was performed.

[Juvenile glaucoma].

We present the case of a 24 years old patient with advanced juvenile glaucoma.

[Normotensive glaucoma].

Normal tension glaucoma is a form of primary open angle glaucoma where the intraocular pressure remains within the normal range. In this case the main challenge is to establish the correct diagnosis. The clinical evaluation of a patient suspected of a normal tension glaucoma must answer two questions: 1) is the intraocular pressure normal and 2) is it a glaucomatous optic neuropathy or another type of optic neuropathy?

[Prostaglandin analogues and central corneal thickness].

Unlabelled: Prostaglandin analogs reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by activation of matrixmetalloproteinase enzymes (MMP) and increasing uveoscleral outflow. MMP's were found in cornea and their activation could change the central corneal thickness (CCT).

Purpose: To compare the effects of different prostaglandin analogues on central corneal thickness (CCT).

[Posttraumatic hyphema?].

The authors present the case of a patient with ocular pain and visual impairment after an ocular trauma. The ophthalmologic exam and the complementary exams show atypical aspects of the traumatic ocular pathology.

[Ginkgo biloba in glaucoma].

The two principal directions in the therapy of the primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) are lowering intraocular pressure medication and the surgical way. None of these two therapeutic modalities act on independent pressure risk-factors Thinking in this direction the neuro-protection concept should be in our minds all the time in the treatment of this disorder.

[Stem cells in ophthalmology. Pathologic implications].

A real challenge in medicine for the knowledge of the physiologic processes of organism's development as well as for the future therapy of some of the most serious diseases, stem cells are discovered step by step. This paper sets forth the present knowledge about stem cells in general, and in particular, for ophthalmology with the respective pathologic implications.

[Foreign bodies in the urogenital tract--between iatrogeny and autoerotism].

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate the cause, diagnosis and management of foreign bodies in the urogenital tract reviewing a 7 years experience.

Materials And Methods: From 2000 to 2007, 12 patients were treated in our department because of foreign bodies localized in the urogenital tract. We retrospectively analyzed the data regarding presentation, diagnosis and management.

[Glaucoma, hydrocephaly and quadrantanopsias].

The authors present the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with juvenile glaucoma after an ophthalmologic examination. The patient had a previous diagnosis: hydrocephaly.

[Association of capsular pseudoexfoliation in patients with epiretinal membrane].

The epiretinal membrane and pseudoexfoliation syndrome represent two different anatomo-clinical items whose etiopathogenesis is incompletely solved. We have noticed the capsular pseudoexfoliation at a significant percentage of patients that have been diagnosed with epiretinal membrane; further studies may demonstrate if this is a random coincidence or their emergence is caused by a common pathogenic step.

[Cataract surgery and diurnal fluctuations of IOP in non-glaucoma patients].

Purpose: To study the effect of cataract surgery on diurnal IOP fluctuations.

Methods: Three months clinical, observational, prospective study on one group of 34 patients (34 eyes) with cataract surgery (phacoemulsification technique) performed by the same surgeon. The IOP was measured, every two hours, for each patient (from 8am to 18pm) preoperative and postoperative by Goldman aplanotonometry.

[Irido-corneal dysgenesis, Axenfeld Rieger syndrome].

The authors present the case of a patient diagnosed with the syndrome A-R, which was discovered at the age of nineteen during a medical examination at the Ophthalmology Clinic in order to establish his medico-military situation. The youngster's mother presents the same anomaly, fact which demonstrates the hereditary transmission of this disease. It must also be mentioned the fact that when he was diagnosed, the patient presented a relatively good visual acuity, that he had not developed secondary glaucoma and besides he associated the presence of bilateral hypoacusis.

[Ocular fluorophores].

The majority of ocular media and tissues are lifelong exposed to electromagnetic radiations. O series of photochemical and photobiological events take place in these tissues and especially in the lens and the retina, thus resulting a permanent changing of their optical and functional qualities; the result of most of these events is the appearance of fluorescent molecular aggregates due to the alterations of initially non-fluorescent molecules or to accumulation processes (these are the endogenous fluorophores; their quantity and intraocular distribution is age- and light-exposure-linked and can be altered by pathology). Willingly or not, fluorescent substances can be introduced in the eye through its hematic barriers (these are the exogenous fluorophores).