953 results match your criteria: "Spinal Imaging in Astrocytoma"

Article Synopsis
  • - The study is a retrospective cohort analysis focusing on rare intradural spinal tumors (ISTs) in patients under 20 years old, comparing their clinical data with adult cases and aiming to find predictors for surgical outcomes.
  • - Conducted at a single institution in Japan, the research involved 1367 patients who underwent surgery, with only 55 being under 20, predominantly affected by tumors like astrocytoma and myxopapillary ependymoma.
  • - Findings reveal important differences in tumor characteristics between minors and adults, with implications for early MRI usage to enhance diagnosis and treatment, ultimately aiding in preventing serious complications like paralysis.
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Purpose: This report aims to present a case of a child with holocord pilocytic astrocytoma and review the existing literature to provide insights into current management strategies.

Case Presentation: An 11-month-old patient presented with progressive quadriplegia and was initially diagnosed with a spinal abscess. MRI revealed a heterogeneously enhancing cystic intramedullary lesion extending from the cervicomedullary region to the conus medullaris.

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Article Synopsis
  • Primary spinal cord glioblastomas (GBMs) are rare but aggressive tumors that primarily affect young males, exhibiting distinct clinical characteristics compared to cranial GBMs.
  • A systematic review analyzed data from 237 patients, revealing that most tumors occur in the cervical and thoracic spine, with motor deficits as the main symptom.
  • Patients typically underwent surgery, with many receiving additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy; the average progression-free survival was 11.5 months and overall survival was 15.3 months, showing no significant differences based on sex or age.
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Article Synopsis
  • Neuroepithelial tumors resembling pilocytic astrocytoma have been reclassified by the WHO as high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP), highlighting their unique characteristics and rarity.
  • An 83-year-old woman experienced progressive lower-extremity weakness, leading to the discovery of a neuroepithelial tumor in the conus medullaris, which is an uncommon site for this type of tumor.
  • The case emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider HGAP in differential diagnoses for spinal cord masses, as it represents a novel classification of a rare condition.
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Astrocytomas of the spinal cord.

Neurooncol Adv

October 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.

Tumors of astrocytic origin represent one of the most frequent entities among the overall rare group of spinal cord gliomas. Initial clinical symptoms are often unspecific, and sensorimotor signs localizing to the spinal cord occur with progressing tumor growth. On MRI, a hyperintense intrinsic spinal cord signal on T-weighted sequences with varying degrees of contrast enhancement raises suspicion for an infiltrative neoplasm.

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To summarize the clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics of various types of pediatric glioma, and to explore the differences in the morphology and clinical significance among various types of pediatric glioma. Based on the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors, this study classified or reclassified 111 pediatric gliomas that were diagnosed at Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2020 to June 2023. The clinical manifestations, imaging findings, histopathology, and molecular characteristics of these tumors were analyzed.

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Introduction: Pilocytic astrocytoma is a low-grade glioma more frequently seen in patients <20. It is pretty uncommon in the spinal cord. Rarely, astrocytoma may involve the most or total length of the spinal cord; in that case, they are called "holo-cord astrocytoma.

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Purpose: Pediatric spinal cord gliomas (PSGs) are rare in children and few reports detail their imaging features. We tested the association of tumoral grade with imaging features and proposed a novel approach to categorize post-contrast enhancement patterns in PSGs.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included patients <21 years of age with preoperative spinal MRI and confirmed pathological diagnosis of PSG from 2000-2022.

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Article Synopsis
  • The patient experienced neck pain and numbness in the right hand, and imaging revealed a significant expansion of the cervical cord, leading to surgical intervention in two stages for safe tumor removal.
  • Post-surgery, the patient underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but faced disease progression after 18 months, ultimately resulting in a 40-month overall survival, with this case being one of only five documented instances of similar histology.
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Objective: To describe a novel surgical approach in which myelotomy was performed lateral to the dorsal root entry zone (LDREZ), for the treatment of lateral or ventrolateral spinal intramedullary glioma.

Methods: This study reviewed six patients with lateral or ventrolateral spinal intramedullary glioma who received surgical treatments by using myelotomy technique of LDREZ approach. The patient's clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, and follow-up outcomes were analyzed.

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Article Synopsis
  • Diffuse midline glioma, H3K27-altered, is a new subtype of diffuse astrocytoma, marked by a specific histone mutation (H3K27M).
  • This rare and severe condition primarily affects children and has a particularly poor prognosis.
  • The case reported involves a 30-year-old woman diagnosed with this type of glioma, highlighting its occurrence outside the typical pediatric demographic.
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Purpose: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is thought to increase the risk of meningioma and ependymoma. Thus, we aimed to describe the frequency, incidence, and specific clinical and histological features of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the MEN1 population (except pituitary tumors).

Experimental Design: The study population included patients harboring CNS tumors diagnosed with MEN1 syndrome after 1990 and followed up in the French MEN1 national cohort.

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Brain tumor glioblastoma is a disease that is caused for a child who has abnormal cells in the brain, which is found using MRI "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" brain image using a powerful magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures it is a standard diagnostic tool for a wide range of medical conditions, from detecting brain and spinal cord injuries to identifying tumors and also in evaluating joint problems. This is treatable, and by enabling the factor for happening, the factor for dissolving the dead tissues. If the brain tumor glioblastoma is untreated, the child will go to death; to avoid this, the child has to treat the brain problem using the scan of MRI images.

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Background: In recent years, molecular findings on spinal gliomas have become increasingly important. This study aimed to investigate the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in the diagnosis of spinal glioma.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with spinal cord glioma who underwent 18F-FDG-PET examination at the Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Hospital between January 2016 and November 2023.

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This article presents the rare case of a 54-year-old gentleman with primary glioblastoma developing multiple extracranial metastases 7 months after diagnosis. Initially, the patient complained of progressive headaches, confusion, and weakness of the left arm. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a right temporoparietal tumor with substantial surrounding subcortical edema and midline shift to the left.

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High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently identified brain tumor characterized by a distinct DNA methylation profile. Predominantly located in the posterior fossa of adults, HGAP is notably prevalent in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1. We present an image-centric review of HGAP and explore the association between HGAP and neurofibromatosis type 1.

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Recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) remains a major unmet medical need, with a median overall survival of less than 1 year. Here we report the first six patients with rGBM treated in a phase 1 trial of intrathecally delivered bivalent chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2). The study's primary endpoints were safety and determination of the maximum tolerated dose.

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Article Synopsis
  • Malignant soft tissue spinal canal tumors make up 20% of spinal neoplasms and can originate from various local tissues, presenting serious emergencies like cauda equina syndrome and vascular issues.
  • Accurate imaging interpretation of these tumors is vital for non-radiologists, given the overlapping radiologic patterns that complicate diagnosis.
  • The study offers a structured approach for identifying malignant lesions based on their spinal location, radiologic characteristics, and other imaging features to assist in differential diagnosis, featuring common tumors like anaplastic ependymomas and metastatic tumors.
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Pilocytic astrocytoma: The paradigmatic entity in low‑grade gliomas (Review).

Oncol Lett

April 2024

Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Section of Pathology, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.

Among low-grade gliomas, representing 10-20% of all primary brain tumours, the paradigmatic entity is constituted by pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), considered a grade 1 tumour by the World Health Organization. Generally, this tumour requires surgical treatment with an infrequent progression towards malignant gliomas. The present review focuses on clinicopathological characteristics, and reports imaging, neurosurgical and molecular features using a multidisciplinary approach.

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Brain stem tumors in children less than 3 months: Clinical and radiologic findings of a rare disease.

Childs Nerv Syst

April 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Purpose: Brain stem tumors in children < 3 months at diagnosis are extremely rare. Our aim is to study a retrospective cohort to improve the understanding of the disease course and guide patient management.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective analysis across the European Society for Pediatric Oncology SIOP-E HGG/DIPG Working Group linked centers, including patients with a brainstem tumor diagnosed between 2009 and 2020 and aged < 3 months at diagnosis.

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Unlabelled: The main problem in microsurgical resection of spinal cord tumors is excessive surgical aggression. The last one often leads to unsatisfactory clinical and neurological outcomes. Laser fluorescence spectroscopy is a modern neurosurgical approach to distinguish tumor boundaries even if standard visible fluorescence techniques are ineffective.

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Spinal Cord Neoplasms.

Continuum (Minneap Minn)

February 2024

Objective: This article discusses the diagnostic approach to patients with suspected neoplasms of the spinal cord and reviews the most common primary and metastatic spinal neoplasms and their presentations.

Latest Developments: Neoplasms of the spinal cord are rare entities that can involve the spinal cord parenchyma, the dura and leptomeninges, or the extradural space. The most common intramedullary spinal cord neoplasms are primary spinal cord tumors, including ependymomas, pilocytic astrocytomas, and diffuse midline gliomas.

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A 14-year-old boy presented with a 2-year history of slowly increasing weakness and atrophy in the right forearm and leg. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an intramedullary diffusely infiltrating lateralized tumor at C3-7. An extended biopsy was planned.

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