1,717 results match your criteria: "Spinal Cord Injury and Aging"

Neurogenic Aging After Spinal Cord Injury: Highlighting the Unique Characteristics of Aging After Spinal Cord Injury.

J Clin Med

November 2024

Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Richmond VA Medical Center, Spinal Cord Injury & Disorders Service, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.

Emanating from several decades of study into the effects of the aging process after spinal cord injury (SCI), "accelerated aging" has become a common expression as the SCI accelerates the onset of age-related pathologies. However, the aging process follows a distinct trajectory, characterized by unique patterns of decline that differ from those observed in the general population without SCI. Aging brings significant changes to muscles, bones, and hormones, impacting overall physical function.

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Genetic Downregulation of GABA Receptors from Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Protects Against Demyelination in the Mouse Spinal Cord.

Cells

December 2024

Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.

GABAergic signaling and GABA receptors play crucial roles in regulating the physiology of oligodendrocyte-lineage cells, including their proliferation, differentiation, and myelination. Therefore, they are promising targets for studying how spinal oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) respond to injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis. Taking advantage of the temporally controlled and cell-specific genetic downregulation of GABA receptors from OPCs, our investigation addresses their specific influence on OPC behavior in the gray and white matter of the mouse spinal cord.

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Intercellular mitochondrial transfer (IMT) is an intriguing biological phenomenon where mitochondria are transferred between different cells and notably, cell types. IMT is physiological, occurring in normal conditions, but also is utilized to deliver healthy mitochondria to cells in distress. Transferred mitochondria can be integrated to improve cellular metabolism, and mitochondrial function.

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Mega scientific conferences increasingly suffer from the need for short and poster presentations without discussion. An alternative is to organize workshops in hotels large enough to accommodate all participants. This significantly increases the opportunities for constructive discussion during breakfasts, lunches, dinners and long evenings that can bring together experts of scientific and clinical sub-specialties and young fellows.

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C2230, a preferential use- and state-dependent CaV2.2 channel blocker, mitigates pain behaviors across multiple pain models.

J Clin Invest

December 2024

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America.

Article Synopsis
  • - Antagonists like Ziconotide and Gabapentin target CaV2.2 calcium channels to relieve chronic pain, but their clinical use is limited due to issues like narrow therapeutic windows and potential for misuse or side effects.
  • - A new compound called C2230 has been identified as a blocker of CaV2.2 channels, showing multiple beneficial effects such as trapping the channel in an inactivated state and specifically targeting pain without affecting other ion channels or motor functions.
  • - C2230 effectively reduced pain-like behaviors in various animal models and human neurons, suggesting it could be developed as a new analgesic with a unique binding mechanism that differentiates it from existing treatments.
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Reliability of cushion construction for a low-cost pressure-reducing wheelchair cushion for less-resourced settings.

Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol

December 2024

Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

In less-resourced settings, 80% of people with spinal cord injuries die from pressure ulcer complications within two years. Appropriately constructed wheelchair cushions are effective in reducing incidence and severity of pressure ulcers. The Tuball is an inexpensive wheelchair cushion designed for users in less-resourced settings, which can be reproduced by local clinicians using locally sourced materials.

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Objectives: To describe lumbar spine (LS) trabecular bone score (TBS) values after SCI, and to explore the differences in fractures risk assessment between FRAX® and TBS-adjusted FRAX® in individuals living with chronic SCI.

Methods: Baseline dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from an established cohort were acquired using a Hologic Discovery QDR 4500. TBS measurements were performed using the TBS iNsight software version 2.

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Global, regional, and national burden of spinal cord injury from 1990 to 2021 and projections for 2050: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study.

Ageing Res Rev

January 2025

Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630,  China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China. Electronic address:

Objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to significant functional impairments and mortality, yet outdated epidemiological data hinder effective public health policies. This study utilizes the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) to analyze SCI trends and inform prevention strategies.

Methods: Using GBD 2021 data, we examined age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) of SCI, along with trends, driving factors, age-sex-time patterns, and projections up to 2050.

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Article Synopsis
  • Sepsis is a major cause of hospitalizations and can lead to long-term issues like chronic muscle weakness, particularly due to mitochondrial dysfunction in survivors.
  • Researchers created a mouse model of severe sepsis to explore the link between mitochondrial abnormalities and muscle weakness, using specific treatments to observe their effects.
  • Findings indicated that muscle weakness develops over time post-sepsis, correlating with increased mitochondrial damage, suggesting that targeting these mitochondrial issues could be a potential therapeutic approach.
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The Role of Cardiolipin in Brain Bioenergetics, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration.

Mol Neurobiol

November 2024

Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Box 70582, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA.

Cardiolipin (CL) is an essential phospholipid that supports the functions of mitochondrial membrane transporters and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. Due to the high level of fatty acyl chain unsaturation, CL is prone to peroxidation during aging, neurodegenerative disease, stroke, and traumatic brain or spinal cord injury. Therefore, effective therapies that stabilize and preserve CL levels or enhance healthy CL fatty acyl chain remodeling are needed.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a severe trauma to the central nervous system, resulting in significant disability and imposing heavy burdens on families and society. Pathophysiological changes following SCI often trigger secondary injuries that complicate treatment. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have become a focal point of research due to their multifunctionality and self-renewal capabilities; however, their survival and neuroprotective functions are compromised in inflammatory environments.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a cause of profound and irreversible damage, with no effective therapy to promote functional recovery. Photobiomodulation (PBM) may provide a viable therapeutic approach using red or near-infrared light to promote recovery after SCI by mitigating neuroinflammation and preventing neuronal apoptosis. Our current study aimed to optimize PBM dose regimens and develop and validate the efficacy of an invasive PBM delivery paradigm for SCI.

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Variable bioenergetic sensitivity of neurons and astrocytes to insulin and extracellular glucose.

NPJ Metab Health Dis

November 2024

Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.

Energy flow within cellular elements of the brain is a well-orchestrated, tightly regulated process, however, details underlying these functions at the single-cell level are still poorly understood. Studying hypometabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases may benefit from experimentation on unicellular bioenergetics. Here, we examined energy status in neurons and astrocytes using mixed hippocampal cultures and PercevalHR, an ATP:ADP nanosensor.

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p53/HIF-1α regulates neuronal aging and autophagy in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Mech Ageing Dev

December 2024

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China. Electronic address:

Objection: Spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced hindlimb dysfunction affects the physical and mental health of patients. There is growing evidence suggesting that the recovery capacity of elderly SCI patients is poorer than that of young individuals. However, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

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scRNA-Seq reveals age-dependent microglial evolution as a determinant of immune response following spinal cord injury.

Brain Res Bull

December 2024

Orthopedics Department, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China. Electronic address:

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe impairments in sensory and motor functions. Previous studies have pointed out that patient age is a critical factor influencing SCI prognosis. However, the role of microglia in age-related differences in SCI outcomes remains unclear.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction during Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to low energy production and increased reactive oxygen species, but the exact mechanisms, particularly related to sphingolipid metabolism, remain unclear.
  • In experiments with 5xFAD mice, researchers found that synaptic mitochondria display reduced oxygen consumption and altered protein levels related to energy production as early as 3 months of age.
  • The study identified abnormal sphingolipid levels in the mitochondria of 5xFAD mice, with increased long-chain ceramides and sphingosine, indicating that these lipid changes may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction in early AD development.
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Background: Adults with spinal cord injury/dysfunction (SCI/D) face challenges with medications they take to manage their secondary conditions (e.g., pain, urinary tract infections, autonomic dysreflexia).

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Background: The role of senescence in disease contexts is complex, however there is considerable evidence that depletion of senescent cells improves outcomes in a variety of contexts particularly related to aging, cognition, and neurodegeneration. Much research has shown previously that inflammation can promote cellular senescence. Microglia are a central nervous system innate immune cell that undergo senescence with aging and during neurodegeneration.

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Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome.

Clin Spine Surg

November 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.

Central cord syndrome (CCS) is the most common form of incomplete spinal cord injury, with an increasing incidence with the aging population. This is a clinical diagnosis defined by weakness greater in the upper than lower extremities and often prominent sensory complaints in the hands. CCS is typically seen in individuals with underlying cervical canal stenosis from spondylosis who experience sudden forceful movement of the neck, especially hyperextension, resulting in contusion of the spinal cord.

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Bedside Neuromodulation of Persistent Pain and Allodynia with Caloric Vestibular Stimulation.

Biomedicines

October 2024

Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.

Background: Caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) is a well-established neurological diagnostic technique that also induces many phenomenological modulations, including reductions in phantom limb pain (PLP), spinal cord injury pain (SCIP), and central post-stroke pain.

Objective: We aimed to assess in a variety of persistent pain (PP) conditions (i) short-term pain modulation by CVS relative to a forehead ice pack cold-arousal control procedure and (ii) the duration and repeatability of CVS modulations. The tolerability of CVS was also assessed and has been reported separately.

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Article Synopsis
  • * This study aims to test the effectiveness of GAIN Lite, a new intervention combined with standard care, for adults experiencing persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS).
  • * GAIN Lite includes remote interviews, e-learning, and counseling from therapists, potentially providing better access to treatment and reducing chronic issues for those with transportation difficulties.
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Time Since Injury Is Key to Modeling Trends in Aging and Overall Functioning of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury: A Longitudinal Analysis of a Swiss Community Survey.

Am J Phys Med Rehabil

November 2024

From the Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland (CS, CF, JH, CE, IE-H, VS, GS); Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland (CS, IE-H, VS, GS), Center for Rehabilitation in Global Health Systems, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland (CS, VS, GS); and Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland (IE-H).

Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to analyze how health functioning changes over time for individuals with spinal cord injuries in Switzerland, focusing on factors like age and injury details.
  • It utilizes a longitudinal approach with community survey data and employs mixed models to track functioning trends.
  • Findings reveal that the severity and completeness of injuries, along with age at injury and health conditions, significantly affect long-term functioning, suggesting that time since injury is a more relevant factor than chronological age in understanding functioning decline.
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Extracellular vesicles: Unlocking new therapies for spinal cord injury.

Brain Behav Immun

January 2025

Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.

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Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury and Associated Mortality, Past and Present. Is There a Difference?

World Neurosurg

December 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Rothman Orthopaedics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • This study examined trends in spinal cord injury (SCI) admissions in the U.S. over the past decade, focusing on patients under and over 70 years old.
  • Data from 8,137 patients revealed that while falls decreased among the elderly, vehicle accidents increased, showing a shift in causes of SCI.
  • Notably, while complete injuries diminished overall and recovery rates improved for certain injuries, the mortality rates for elderly patients dropped significantly in both hospital stays and one-year follow-ups.
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Background: Neurovascular deficits and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction are major hallmarks of brain trauma and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress is a prominent contributor to neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction and can propagate BBB disruption. Oxidative damage results in an imbalance of mitochondrial homeostasis, which can further drive functional impairment of brain capillaries.

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