Emergence of multidrug resistance among Haemophilus parainfluenzae from respiratory and urogenital samples in Barcelona, Spain.

Haemophilus parainfluenzae (HPAR) is a Gram-negative bacterium that can become an opportunistic urogenital pathogen. Recently, multidrug resistant (MDR) strains have emerged. We aim to analyse the epidemiology of HPAR at Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge between 2013 and 2017 to determine its putative role in sexually transmitted infections (STI).

Identification of polysaccharide capsules among extensively drug-resistant genitourinary Haemophilus parainfluenzae isolates.

The human commensal Haemophilus parainfluenzae is emerging as an opportunistic multidrug-resistant pathogen. The objectives of this work were to characterise a new capsular operon of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) H. parainfluenzae clinical isolates and study their resistance mechanisms using whole-genome sequencing.

The Alere BinaxNOW Pneumococcal Urinary Antigen Test: Diagnostic Sensitivity for Adult Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Relationship to Specific Serotypes.

Little is known about the sensitivity of the BinaxNOW pneumococcal urinary antigen (PUA) test for adult pneumococcal pneumonia caused by different serotypes. In this study, we aimed to analyze the trends in the sensitivity of the PUA test over a 15-year period (2001 to 2015) and to analyze its sensitivity for pneumococcal pneumonia caused by different serotypes. In total, we analyzed 1,096 pneumococcal isolates from adults with pneumococcal pneumonia who had a PUA test performed at the onset of the episode.

Carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible isogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 causing infection in a tertiary hospital.

Background: In this study we describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of an outbreak due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) producing CTX-M-15 and OXA-48 carbapenemase. Isogenic strains, carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CS-KP) producing CTX-M-15, were also involved in the outbreak.

Increased biofilm formation by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae isolates from patients with invasive disease or otitis media versus strains recovered from cases of respiratory infections.

Biofilm formation by nontypeable (NT) Haemophilus influenzae remains a controversial topic. Nevertheless, biofilm-like structures have been observed in the middle-ear mucosa of experimental chinchilla models of otitis media (OM). To date, there have been no studies of biofilm formation in large collections of clinical isolates.

Some pneumococcal serotypes are more frequently associated with relapses of acute exacerbations in COPD patients.

Objectives: To analyze the role of the capsular type in pneumococci causing relapse and reinfection episodes of acute exacerbation in COPD patients.

Methods: A total of 79 patients with 116 recurrent episodes of acute exacerbations caused by S. pneumoniae were included into this study (1995-2010).

Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in older people in Spain (2007-2009): implications for future vaccination strategies.

Background: Recently, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) has been recommended for adults. We analyzed the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in older adults in Spain before PCV13 introduction.

Methodology/principal Findings: IPD episodes, defined as clinical findings together with an invasive pneumococcal isolate, were prospectively collected from patients aged over 65 years in three hospitals in Spain from 2007 to 2009.

Molecular characterization of macrolide- and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from adult patients in Barcelona, Spain (1993-2008).

Objectives: The increase in erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes isolates is a cause for concern. We analysed trends in macrolide resistance, phenotypes, genotypes, resistance determinants and transposons among erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes isolates collected from adults in a Barcelona hospital (1993-2008).

Emergence of a multidrug-resistant clone (ST320) among invasive serotype 19A pneumococci in Spain.

Objectives: Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates of serotype 19A have emerged all over the world in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize highly penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strains of the 19A serotype, collected in Spain from 1997 to 2007 from patients with invasive disease.

Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility was studied by microdilution.

Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among adult patients in barcelona before and after pediatric 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction, 1997-2007.

Background: A dramatic decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) was observed among children and adults in the United States after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Little is known about the incidence of IPD after PCV7 licensure in Europe. The objective of this study was to examine changes in the prevalence of IPD among adults in the PCV7 era.