Comprehensive genomic characterization of early-stage bladder cancer.

Understanding the molecular landscape of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and treatment regimens. We performed a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients with NMIBC using whole-exome sequencing (n = 438), shallow whole-genome sequencing (n = 362) and total RNA sequencing (n = 414). A large genomic variation within NMIBC was observed and correlated with different molecular subtypes.

Implementing a closed loop clinical decision support system for sustainable preoperative care.

Unnecessary preoperative testing poses a risk to patient safety, causes surgical delays, and increases healthcare costs. We describe the effects of implementing a fully EHR-integrated closed-loop clinical decision support system (CDSS) for placing automatic preprocedural test orders at two teaching hospitals in Madrid, Spain. Interrupted time series analysis was performed to evaluate changes in rates of preoperative testing after CDSS implementation, which took place from September 2019 to December 2019.

Circadian clock communication during homeostasis and ageing.

Maintaining homeostasis is essential for continued health, and the progressive decay of homeostatic processes is a hallmark of ageing. Daily environmental rhythms threaten homeostasis, and circadian clocks have evolved to execute physiological processes in a manner that anticipates, and thus mitigates, their effects on the organism. Clocks are active in almost all cell types; their rhythmicity and functional output are determined by a combination of tissue-intrinsic and systemic inputs.

Faces of different socio-cultural identities impact emotional meaning learning for L2 words.

This study investigated how exposure to Caucasian and Chinese faces influences native Mandarin-Chinese speakers' learning of emotional meanings for English L2 words. Participants were presented with English pseudowords repeatedly paired with either Caucasian faces or Chinese faces showing emotions of disgust, sadness, or neutrality as a control baseline. Participants' learning was evaluated through both within-modality (i.

A reduction in effective population size has not relaxed purifying selection in the human population of Eivissa (Balearic Islands).

Ibiza (Eivissa) is one of the main Balearic Islands in the western Mediterranean. Recent studies have highlighted the genetic distinctiveness of present-day Eivissans within the region and suggested it could be attributed to the genetic drift caused by recent demographic events. Whether this distinctiveness emerged from a differential demographic history, or rather from a bias for sampling in a small geographic region such as Eivissa, remains an open question, together with the understanding of the functional consequences of demography in the island.

Economic preferences and cognitive abilities among teenagers in Spain.

This dataset originates from TeensLab, a consortium of Spanish Universities dedicated to behavioral research involving Spanish teenagers. The dataset contains data from 33 distinct educational institutions across Spain, accounting for a total of 5,890 students aged 10 to 23 (M = 14.10, SD = 1.

Long-range organization of intestinal 2D-crypts using exogenous Wnt3a micropatterning.

Intestinal epithelial cells are segregated into proliferative crypts and differentiated regions. This organization relies on specific signals, including Wnt3a, which regulates cell proliferation within crypts, and Eph/Ephrin, which dictates cell positioning along the crypt-villus axis. However, studying how the spatial distributions of these signals influences crypt-villus organization is challenging both in vitro and in vivo.

Altered mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) function shifts mitochondrial metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Mitochondrial function is modulated by its interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent research indicates that these contacts are disrupted in familial models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We report here that this impairment in the crosstalk between mitochondria and the ER impedes the use of glucose-derived pyruvate as mitochondrial fuel, causing a shift to fatty acids to sustain energy production.

Genomic and phenotypic stability of fusion-driven pediatric sarcoma cell lines.

Human cancer cell lines are the mainstay of cancer research. Recent reports showed that highly mutated adult carcinoma cell lines (mainly HeLa and MCF-7) present striking diversity across laboratories and that long-term continuous culturing results in genomic/transcriptomic heterogeneity with strong phenotypical implications. Here, we hypothesize that oligomutated pediatric sarcoma cell lines mainly driven by a fusion transcription factor, such as Ewing sarcoma (EwS), are genetically and phenotypically more stable than the previously investigated adult carcinoma cell lines.

Maintenance Immunosuppression With Tacrolimus and Everolimus in Heart Transplantation Compared With the Usual Tacrolimus and Micophenolate Protocol: Results From a Retrospective Registry.

Introduction: Real-life data on the long-term use of a maintenance immunosuppressive protocol in heart transplant patients using delayed Everolimus + Tacrolimus are scarce.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that included all heart transplant patients from 2011 to 2021 in two Spanish hospitals. In Hospital A, the preferred immunosuppressive strategy included Everolimus initiation at 2 months post-transplant combined with Tacrolimus and was compared with the results of Hospital B, where a standard Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate mofetil protocol was used.

Mucormycosis Infection in Lung Transplant Patients: Experience in Andalusia, Spain.

Introduction: Mucorales infections in the airways of lung transplant (LT) patients are rare but have a rising incidence in transplanted lungs.

Objective: We present our experience with LT in immediate postoperative infections due to mucormycosis.

Methods: Review of 767 LT performed in Andalusia between 2000 and 2023 identifying Mucorales through microbiological results and histological findings.

High-risk Cytomegalovirus in Heart Transplant: How Can We Improve?

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with worse outcomes after heart transplant (HT). CMV mismatch (donor positive, recipient negative serology, D+/R-) increases the risk of infection. Guidelines recommend 3 to 6 months of antiviral prophylaxis in these patients.

Efficacy and Safety of a Desensitization Treatment With Rituximab and Immunoglobulin in Hyperimmunized Patients Awaiting a Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Patients on a kidney transplant waiting list with antibodies against more than 80% of a panel reactive antibody (PRA) are difficult to transplant, even with national or regional programs. Desensitization treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab could be offered to patients with a long waiting time for a cadaveric donor to improve their odds of finding a kidney.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study including all hyperimmunized patients on the waiting list for a cadaveric kidney donor who received a desensitization treatment between 2010 and 2020.

Non-HLA Antibodies and the Risk of Antibody-mediated Rejection without Donor-specific Anti-HLA Antibodies After Lung Transplantation.

Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) has become one of the leading causes of chronic lung graft dysfunction. However, in lung transplantation, this entity is sometimes difficult and controversial to diagnose. It is mainly caused by the appearance of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSA), although there are situations with C4d deposits in biopsy in the absence of circulating DSA.

Embracing diversity: macrophage complexity in cancer.

Macrophages are myeloid cells that receive, integrate, and respond to tumoral cues. Tumors evolve and are shaped by macrophages, with tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-tumor sculpting capacities going beyond an increase in their cellular mass. Longitudinal and local heterogeneity of TAM states is now possible with the use of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.

Cross-sectional study of the perceived wellbeing of children in palliative care.

Objective: To describe the perceived wellbeing (pWB) and the psychological characteristics of young people with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions (LLTCs).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in young people aged 8 years or older with collection of data on demographic and disease-related variables from the health records. In the psychological evaluation, we collected data on emotion regulation, cognitive strategies and risk of depression and anxiety, in addition to the assessment of the pWB through a visual analogue scale.

The impact of hypoalbuminemia on the long-term prognosis of patients with acute heart failure: The modifying role of carbohydrate antigen 125.

Aims: Hypoalbuminemia is frequently found in patients with heart failure (HF), associated with higher morbimortality in acute HF (AHF). Moreover, Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA125) is elevated in most of the AHF patients. In this cohort of patients admitted for AHF, our objective was to evaluate the association between hypoalbuminemia and long-term outcomes, including mortality and HF readmissions, stratified by CA125 concentration.

[Translated article] High-risk pediatric medications: A listing proposal by interdisciplinary consensus technique.

Introduction: Pediatric patients are more likely to experience medication-related errors and serious associated harms. The identification of high-risk medications (HRM) and their study in special populations, such as children with excess body weight (EBW), is a part of safety improvement strategies.

Objective: To generate, through a consensus technique structured by an interdisciplinary group of pediatricians and hospital pharmacists, an operational and updated list of HRM for hospital use in children over 2 years of age.

Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate to predict cardiac events in major noncardiac surgery: a secondary analysis of two large international studies.

Background: Optimised use of kidney function information might improve cardiac risk prediction in noncardiac surgery.

Methods: In 35,815 patients from the VISION cohort study and 9219 patients from the POISE-2 trial who were ≥45 yr old and underwent nonurgent inpatient noncardiac surgery, we examined (by age and sex) the association between continuous nonlinear preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the composite of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery, nonfatal cardiac arrest, or death owing to a cardiac cause within 30 days after surgery. We estimated contributions of predictive information, C-statistic, and net benefit from eGFR and other common patient and surgical characteristics to large multivariable models.

Reliability of the OMERACT Giant cell arteritis Ultrasonography Score (OGUS): results of a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Objective: To test the reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Giant cell arteritis (GCA) Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) and other composite scores in a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Methods: Six GCA patients were scanned twice (two rounds separated ≥3 hours) by 12 experts and 12 non-experts. Non-experts received 90 min of theoretical and 240 min of practical training between rounds 1 and 2.