Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Patients with neurodegenerative diseases can display early behavioral changes during the clinical assessment that can be captured with the Social Behavior Observer Checklist (SBOC). Nevertheless, the incremental diagnostic utility of this structured observational instrument, when used in conjunction with conventional neuropsychological assessments, has not been ascertained across diverse cultural contexts. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of the SBOC in large biomarker supported cohort of patients with different neurodegenerative diseases.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: While the functioning of semantic memory has been extensively documented in Alzheimer disease (AD), little is known about semantic control capacities that monitor and modulate semantic representations. The present study used a task to assess semantic control in typical and atypical AD patients.

Method: 11 patients with typical AD (ADtyp), 17 patients with logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA, i.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Although there is evidence that measures of verbal fluency, naming and word memory can be good predictors of progression to dementia, language change and the main variables predicting it are not yet fully characterized. Recent research draws attention to the need to consider cognitive reserve, functional, and neurobiological indicators together to explain changes (Facal et al., 2021).

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Sex differences in neurodegenerative diseases can impact accurate diagnosis and management. Emerging data suggest there may be sex differences in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) prevalence and clinical manifestation. However, prior studies lacked longitudinal assessment and were limited in capturing sex differences in earliest stages of disease (e.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The increasing prevalence of dementia, particularly in low-income regions, necessitates the development of effective cognitive screening methods. However, the suitability of many existing tools for illiterate and low-educated populations is limited, resulting in significant diagnostic disparities. This review aims to evaluate global cognitive assessment instruments for the identification of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia in older adults with limited education.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Higher recency effect in episodic memory (EM) has been found for MCI and dementia (Martin et al., 2013; Campos et al., 2016).

Fatty acids and telomere length.

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review includes the latest clinical and preclinical evidence on fatty acid exposure and telomere length, a widely accepted hallmark of aging.

Recent Findings: A large body of literature focused on n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Observational studies reported beneficial associations with telomere length for self-reported consumption of n-3 PUFA-rich foods; for estimated intake of n-3 PUFAs; and for n-3 PUFAs blood-based biomarkers in most (but not all) studies involving lipidomics, a promising tool in the field.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Bilingual Language Control (BLC) is a dynamic processing system that enables speakers to mitigate cross-language interference while conversing and transitioning between languages. Research indicates that neurodegenerative diseases may compromise the effectiveness of language-switching abilities in bilingual individuals, particularly those impacting the frontostriatal pathways. However, it remains unclear whether neurodegeneration affecting other neural pathways, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), might influence the efficiency of BLC.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Psychological factors such as repetitive negative thinking, proneness to experience distress, and perceived stress are associated with increased risk of neurodegeneration and clinical dementia, whereas having a sense of life-purpose, self-reflection, and dispositional mindfulness may be protective. However, whether combinations of these risk and protective factors may inform distinct psychological profiles, which may be differential associated with age-related health outcomes is currently unknown.

Method: We included 742 middle-aged (mean age 51.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) express concern about self-perceived cognitive decline, despite no objective impairment, and are at higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (PACC5) is a sensitive cognitive marker frequently used in preclinical AD, delineating cognitive trajectories based on amyloid status in SCD. The relationship between PACC5 and brain structure remains unexplored.

Influence of stromal neural crest progenitor cells on neuroblastoma radioresistance.

Purpose: A substantial proportion of children with high risk Neuroblastoma die within the first 5 years post-diagnosis despite the complex treatment applied. In the recent years, tumor environment has been revealed as key factor for cancer treatment efficacy. In this sense, non-tumorigenic Neural Crest progenitor cells from high risk patients, have been described as part of Neuroblastoma stroma, promoting tumor growth and contributing to mesenchyme formation.

Coronary revascularisation deferral based on quantitative flow ratio or fractional flow reserve: a post hoc analysis of the FAVOR III Europe trial.

Background: Safe deferral of revascularisation is a key aspect of physiology-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While recent evidence gathered in the FAVOR III Europe trial showed that quantitative flow ratio (QFR) guidance did not meet non-inferiority to fractional flow reserve (FFR) guidance, it remains unknown if QFR might have a specific value in revascularisation deferral.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the safety of coronary revascularisation deferral based on QFR as compared with FFR.

Clinical characterisation and outcomes of human clade IIb mpox virus disease - a European multicentre observational cohort study (MOSAIC).

Background: The global mpox outbreak which started in May 2022 was caused by a novel clade IIb variant of the mpox virus (MPXV). It differed from the traditional Western and Central Africa disease in transmission patterns and clinical presentation.

Methods: To address the need for detailed clinical and virologic data, we conducted an observational cohort study (MOSAIC) during May 2022-July 2023 in individuals with confirmed MPXV infection enrolled in six European Countries.

Penile suspensory ligament: anatomy, function, and clinical perspectives of its repair.

Background: The penile suspensory ligament (PSL) plays a significant role in penile support and erection and its injury or congenital absence may result in functional impairment of erectile function.

Aim: To describe the diagnosis and surgical repair technique for PSL abnormalities and overall outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to understand the anatomic relevance of the PSL and historical management of PSL defects.

Impact of Synchronized Radiofrequency and High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation on Facial Muscles and the Superficial Fascial System in the Midface.

Background: Midfacial aging involves skeletal changes, muscle weakening, and fat redistribution, resulting in volume loss, skin sagging, and deepened nasolabial folds. High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation (HIFES) combined with Radiofrequency (RF) is a novel non-invasive method to address these changes by enhancing muscle mass and remodeling subcutaneous tissue.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of HIFES and Synchronized RF in improving midfacial aesthetics, specifically muscle thickness, skin displacement, and facial volume.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Effects of Dietary Interventions in Patients With Migraine: A Systematic Review.

Context: Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder. Diet may be a factor to consider because measures of diet quality have been linked to both frequency and severity of attacks.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of dietary interventions on the clinical symptoms of migraine, quality of life, and body composition of patients with migraine.

Organocatalytic CS insertion into epoxides in neat conditions: a straightforward approach for the efficient synthesis of Di- and tri-thiocarbonates.

The straightforward organocatalytic insertion of carbon disulfide (CS) into epoxides using either choline chloride () or tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) is reported, for the first time, under solvent-free (neat) conditions. Fine-tuning of our system allowed us to obtain either dithiocarbonates (DTCs) or trithiocarbonates (TTCs) with high efficiency. Additionally, a mechanistic proposal is presented, supported by experimental evidence, DFT calculations and wavefunction analyses.

Phenotype Spectrum of TRPM3-Associated Disorders.

Objective: Monoallelic variants in the transient receptor potential melastatin-related type 3 gene (TRPM3) have been associated with neurodevelopmental manifestations, but knowledge on the clinical manifestations and treatment options is limited. We characterized the clinical spectrum, highlighting particularly the epilepsy phenotype, and the effect of treatments.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the phenotypes and genotypes of 43 individuals with TRPM3 variants, acquired from GeneMatcher and collaborations (n = 21), and through a systematic literature search (n = 22).

High satisfaction and low conversion rate to total hip arthroplasty after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and risk factors affecting survival at long-term follow-up.

Purpose: Studies evaluating the long-term survival rate, patient satisfaction, and conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate satisfaction and hip survival at a minimum 10-year follow-up in patients following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).

Methods: A total of 164 patients underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS between 2007 and 2012; of these, 76 (49 men and 27 women; mean age, 40.

Sport-specific differences in ACL injury, treatment and return to sports: Basketball.

Basketball is an intense, fast-paced game that is physically, highly demanding. Certain aspects of the game, such as the quick pivoting and cutting movements, predispose the players to serious knee injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. While an ACL tear can be a devastating condition for players, multidisciplinary management of the injury can provide the players with a reasonable chance to return to play at the pre-injury level.

Static and dynamic balance in physically active females with pronated feet.

Background: Understanding and assessing static and dynamic balance and their relationship with the function of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is crucial for people with pronated feet.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the medial longitudinal arch height and postural balance in physically active females with pronated feet.

Methods: A case-control study.

Human Footprint and Forest Disturbance Reduce Space Use of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) Across Europe.

Three-quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges with contrasting human disturbance and environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' ranges has constrained our understanding of how human pressure and resource availability jointly shape intraspecific variation of animal space use. Leveraging a unique dataset of 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears (Ursus arctos) across the species' range in Europe, we investigated the effects of human pressure (i.

Spectroscopic investigation of proton bonding at sub-kelvin temperatures.

The proton bond is a pivotal chemical motif in many areas of science and technology. Its quantum chemical description is remarkably challenged by nuclear and charge delocalization effects and the fluxional perturbation that it induces on molecular substrates. This work seeks insights into proton bonding at sub-kelvin temperatures.