Delayed post-juvenile moult in malaria-infected Eurasian blackcaps.

Parasites have their strongest impact on fitness when host defences deplete resources needed for other critical life-history stages, such as development, breeding or migration. Among birds, one greatly neglected stage that could be altered by parasites is post-juvenile moult (PJM), through which yearling juvenile birds replace their fast-generated, low-quality juvenile feathers with adult-like feathers after leaving the nest. The earlier the birds complete PJM, the earlier they will be prepared to withstand forthcoming challenges, such as adverse winter conditions or migration.

A consensus on the definition of positive animal welfare.

The concept of animal welfare is evolving due to progress in our scientific understanding of animal biology and changing societal expectations. Animal welfare science has been primarily concerned with minimizing suffering, but there is growing interest in also promoting positive experiences, grouped under the term positive animal welfare (PAW). However, there are discrepancies in the use of the term PAW.

Bioactive nanocellulose films by incorporation of enzymatically polymerized lignin nanoparticles.

In the search of new bioactive and biobased films, the use of lignin nanoparticles (LNP) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) has gained potential relevance in the last years. In this context, an enzymatic and environmentally friendly pretreatment with laccases has been proposed in this work to modify the properties of the developed cellulose-lignin nanocomposite films. Thus, the laccase treatment successfully polymerized kraft lignin as indicated by the increase in weight average molecular weight (from 3621 to 5681 Da) and the reduction in phenol content (from 552 to 324 mg GAE/g lignin).

Orchestrated immune responses to Mycobacterium marinum natural infection in tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).

Mycobacterium marinum is a major pathogen in aquaculture, posing a substantial threat to the health and sustainability of tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) farming. This study investigated the genetic basis of immune response in tongue sole by comparing transcriptome profiles of liver and spleen tissues from symptomatic (susceptible) and healthy (resistant) individuals during a natural M. marinum outbreak.

Improving the Use of Lifting Velocity to Predict Repetitions to Failure: A Systematic Review.

Background: A recent advancement in velocity-based training involves estimating the maximum number of repetitions to failure (RTF) by analyzing the fastest velocity recorded within a set. A systematic review examining the fundamental characteristics of the RTF-velocity relationship is still lacking.

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) determine the basic properties of the RTF-velocity relationships (goodness of fit, reliability, and accuracy) and (2) offer guidance on implementing various methodological factors that can impact the RTF accuracy prediction.

Physical Activity and Life Expectancy Free of Cancer: Prospective Evidence From the UK Biobank Study.

Background: Life expectancy free of cancer (LEFC) is a novel measure that considers both morbidity and mortality and could be a useful metric for disease surveillance and risk communication. We aimed to examine the association between physical activity and LEFC in British adults.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 292,559 apparently healthy UK Biobank participants (mean [SD] age, 56.

Mitochondria mechanosensing: The powerhouse fueling cellular force signaling.

Mechanical forces influence mitochondrial dynamics through previously unexplored mechanisms. A new study demonstrates that actomyosin tension inhibits mitochondrial fission by phosphorylating a key component of the fission complex and that this event regulates the nuclear accumulation of critical transcription factors.

Effect of neutral electrolyzed water on biofilm formed by meat-related Listeria monocytogenes: Intraspecies variability and influence of the growth surface material.

Listeria monocytogenes raises major challenges for the food industry. Due to its capacity to form biofilms, this pathogen can persist in processing environments and contaminate the final products. Neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) may offer a promising and eco-friendly method for controlling L.

EBUS-TBNA and CryoEBUS of the mediastinal lymph node. One hundred seventy-eight cases. Validation of the WHO Reporting System for Lymph Node Cytopathology. Proposed CryoEBUS diagnostic flow chart and indications. The view of the interventional pathologist.

Introduction: Microscopic assessment is essential in the study of mediastinal lymph nodes. Obtaining cytological samples through Endobronchial Ultrasound TransBronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has long been considered the gold standard procedure. The implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Reporting System for Lymph Node Cytopathology, along with the advancement of the CryoEBUS lymph node technique, has enhanced and refined diagnostic accuracy in this field.

In-depth screening of pesticide exposure in children from urban and agricultural settings in Poland.

The widespread occurrence of pesticides requires thorough evaluations of human population exposure to these chemicals, particularly children, because of the potential long-term effects of some of these neurotoxicants. The present study describes an in-depth screening of 15 pesticides including organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, triazoles, neonicotinoids and their main metabolites. Internal exposure of 7-9-year-old children from urban and agricultural locations in Poland (n = 399) has been studied.

A longitudinal study on the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in a captive European mink (Mustela lutreola) population and their correlation with serum protein electrophoresis.

Leishmaniosis, caused by Leishmania infantum and transmitted by sand flies, is a significant zoonotic disease. Dogs are primary reservoirs, but other domestic animals, such as cats and ferrets, and wild species, including Eurasian otters and European mink, can be hosts. This study focused on European mink, a critically endangered species, investigating the seroprevalence of L.

Parental support and diversity in sibling personality.

Personality is associated with important life outcomes such as occupational status, and there is continued interest in understanding how family processes shape people's character. Previous research has shown that despite being exposed to a common family environment, sibling personalities differ substantially. We test one explanation of this phenomenon: differential parental support within families.

De-Escalation Strategies With Immune Checkpoint Blockers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Do We Already Have Enough Evidence?

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, one-dose-fits-all maximalist regimens have been considered the standard of care, with ICBs administered at flat doses regardless of patients' weight. Treatment duration with ICBs is often arbitrary across stages, ranging from a fixed time point to until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Effective Utilization of Nanoporosity and Surface Area Guides Electrosynthesis over Soft-Landed Copper Oxide Catalyst Layers.

Porous nanomaterials find wide-ranging applications in modern medicine, optoelectronics, and catalysis, playing a key role in today's effort to build an electrified, sustainable future. Accurate in situ quantification of their structural and surface properties is required to model their performance and improve their design. In this article, we demonstrate how to assess the porosity, surface area and utilization of a model nanoporous soft-landed copper oxide catalyst layer/carbon interface, which is otherwise difficult to resolve using physisorption or capacitance-based methods.

A randomized controlled trial comparing embryo vitrification with slush nitrogen to liquid nitrogen in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer: embryology and clinical outcomes.

Study Question: Does the use of slush nitrogen (SN) for embryo vitrification improve embryo transfer outcomes compared to liquid nitrogen (LN)?

Summary Answer: SN is a safe method for embryo preservation and significantly improves post-warming survival rates during repeated vitrification-warming cycles; however, after a single freeze-thaw cycle, pregnancy outcomes are not improved when embryos are vitrified with SN compared to LN.

What Is Known Already: SN is a combination of solid and LN, with a temperature lower than regular LN, and it is an alternative to conventional LN in achieving a faster cooling speed. Studies have shown that SN improves survival in non-human embryos and human oocytes.

Effectiveness of the AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization in Europe: final results from the COVIDRIVE test-negative case-control study.

Marketing authorization holders of vaccines typically need to report brand-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) to the regulatory authorities as part of their regulatory obligations. COVIDRIVE (now id. DRIVE) is a European public-private partnership for respiratory pathogen surveillance and studies of brand-specific VE with long-term follow-up.

IMPACT OF 3D-PRINTED MODELS FOR SURGICAL PLANNING IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA WITH VENOUS TUMOR THROMBUS. A RANDOMISED MULTICENTER CLINICAL TRIAL.

Purpose: To determine whether surgical planning based on 3D models allows for better surgical outcomes than conventional surgical planning in terms of 1) complications, 2) surgical time, and 3) hospital stay.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter clinical trial (NCT03738488) included 66 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma and venous thrombus extension who underwent nephrectomy with thrombectomy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to: 1) surgical planning with conventional images (control group) and 2) surgical planning with 3D-printed models (experimental group).

Heterogeneous zonal impacts of climate change on a wide hyperendemic area of human and animal fascioliasis assessed within a One Health action for prevention and control.

The Northern Bolivian Altiplano is the fascioliasis endemic area where the highest prevalences and intensities in humans have been recorded. In this hyperendemic area of human fascioliasis, the disease is caused only by Fasciola hepatica and transmitted by Galba truncatula, the sole lymnaeid species present in the area. When analysing the link between global warning and the recently reported geographical spread of lymnaeid populations to out-border localities, a marked heterogeneous climatic change was found throughout the endemic area.

A Systematic Literature Review on the Burden of Disease for Patients With Moderate to Severe Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: A vast amount of literature is available on the burden of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Yet, most information on AIS burden does not stratify by stroke severity, and the inclusion of mild strokes (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale < 5) might obscure the true impact of moderate-to-severe AIS. Therefore, it is important to understand the literature as it pertains to the epidemiological, clinical, humanistic, and economic burden of moderate-to-severe AIS from a global perspective.

A Continuum From Positive to Negative Interactions Drives Plant Species' Performance in a Diverse Community.

With many species interacting in nature, determining which interactions describe community dynamics is nontrivial. By applying a computational modeling approach to an extensive field survey, we assessed the importance of interactions from plants (both inter- and intra-specific), pollinators and insect herbivores on plant performance (i.e.