Experiences of midwifery students in caring for pregnancy loss. A phenomenological study.

Aim: To analyze the experiences of midwifery students in the care of pregnancy loss during their training.

Background: The care of pregnancy losses requires the acquisition of very specific non-technical skills by midwifery students. The training received by students about gestational grief requires the use of different methodologies to obtain the required skills.

Bacterial and fungal diversity and species interactions inversely affect ecosystem functions under drought in a semi-arid grassland.

Extreme climatic events, such as drought, can significantly alter belowground microbial diversity and species interactions, leading to unknown consequences for ecosystem functioning. Here, we simulated a drought gradient by removing 30 %, 50 %, and 70 % of precipitation in a semi-arid grassland over five years. We assessed the effects of drought on bacterial and fungal diversity, as well as on their species interactions.

Chloramphenicol glycoside derivative: A way to overcome its antimicrobial resistance and toxicity.

Triggered by the urgent need to tackle the global crisis of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, in this work, we present a way to overcome chloramphenicol resistance by introducing modifications based on the glycosylation of its hydroxyl groups. The synthesized derivatives demonstrate complete resistance to the action of recombinant chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) from Escherichia coli and efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli ESBL, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Glycosylation gives chloramphenicol an additional advantage - the stable glycosidic form is less toxic to human dermal fibroblasts and has significantly better water solubility than non-glycosylated chloramphenicol.

Parenthood, gender, and turning points to crime for young people in Latin America.

In very different societal contexts, parenthood has been identified as a critical turning point in life course trajectories. In this qualitative study, we explore parenthood as a turning point for 40 young women and 40 young men in prisons across Latin America. We study the impact of parenthood on criminal trajectories, identify gender differences, and analyze the different mechanisms at work.

Direct analysis of engineered iron nanotubes and platinum nanorods: A challenge for single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in single particle mode (SP-ICP-MS) for the characterization of micro and nanostructured materials is a growing field of research. In this work, the possibility of expanding the boundaries to anisotropic structures including solid Pt-nanorods and hollowed FeO-nanotubes is presented. The obtained structures are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and SP-ICP-MS techniques.

Assessment of antibiotic resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry in Spain.

Colibacillosis is a disease caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates which results in significant morbidity and mortality in poultry, as well as in economic loses. In order to identify APEC strains in a population of 898 E. coli isolates from poultry samples collected from different avian flocks located in the Valencian Region, Spain, we analysed the most significantly related to highly-pathogenic colibacillosis virulence-associated genes (VAGs) (hlyF, iroN, iss, iutA and ompT) by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Ledged Beam Walking Test Automatic Tracker: Artificial intelligence-based functional evaluation in a stroke model.

The quantitative evaluation of motor function in experimental stroke models is essential for the preclinical assessment of new therapeutic strategies that can be transferred to clinical research; however, conventional assessment tests are hampered by the evaluator's subjectivity. We present an artificial intelligence-based system for the automatic, accurate, and objective analysis of target parameters evaluated by the ledged beam walking test, which offers higher sensitivity than the current methodology based on manual and visual counting. This system employs a residual deep network model, trained with DeepLabCut (DLC) to extract target paretic hindlimb coordinates, which are categorized to provide a ratio measurement of the animal's neurological deficit.

How Painful are Lumbar Hernias? A Comprehensive Review of Intervention Strategies.

Purpose Of Review: Low back pain (LBP) is considered an important issue of public health, with annual prevalence estimations almost achieving 60% of the worldwide population. Available treatments have a limited impact on this condition, although they allow to alleviate pain and recover the patient's quality of life. This review aims to go deeper on the understanding of this condition, providing an updated, brief, and concise whole picture of this common musculoskeletal problem.

SABR tolerance after prostatectomy: pushing the boundaries of ultrahypofractionation.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and tolerance of ultra-hypofractionated SABR (stereotactic ablative radiation therapy) protocol following radical prostatectomy.

Patients And Methods: We included patients undergoing adjuvant or salvage SABR between April 2019 and April 2023 targeting the surgical bed and pelvic lymph nodes up to a total dose of 36.25 Gy (7.

Development of Attention-based Prediction Models for All-cause Mortality, Home Care Need, and Nursing Home Admission in Ageing Adults in Spain Using Longitudinal Electronic Health Record Data.

Predicting health-related outcomes can help with proactive healthcare planning and resource management. This is especially important on the older population, an age group growing in the coming decades. Considering longitudinal rather than cross-sectional information from primary care electronic health records (EHRs) can contribute to more informed predictions.

Usefulness of urinary biomarker-based risk score and multiparametric MRI for clinically significant prostate cancer detection in biopsy-naïve patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), genetic urinary test (GUT), and prostate cancer prevention trial risk calculator version 2.0 (PCPTRC2) for the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) diagnostic in biopsy-naïve patients.

Materials And Methods: In a single center study between 2021 and 2024 participants underwent prostate mpMRI, GUT, and ultrasound (US) guided biopsy.

Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome.

The global increase of overweight and obesity in children and adults is one of the most prominent public health threats, often accompanied by insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The simultaneous occurrence of these health problems is referred to as metabolic syndrome. Various criteria have been proposed to define this syndrome, but no general consensus on the specific markers and the respective cut-offs has been achieved yet.

Nitro-fatty acids modulate germination onset through S-nitrosothiol metabolism.

-Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) have emerged as key components of nitric oxide (NO) signalling in eukaryotes. We previously described how nitro-linolenic acid (NO2-Ln), the major NO2-FA detected in plants, regulates S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) levels in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain undefined.

Unveiling the role of miRNAs in Diminished Ovarian Reserve: an in silico network approach.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have acquired an increased recognition to unravel the complex molecular mechanisms underlying Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR), one of the main responsible for infertility. To investigate the impact of miRNA profiles in granulosa cells and follicular fluid, crucial players in follicle development, this study employed a computational network theory approach to reconstruct potential pathways regulated by miRNAs in granulosa cells and follicular fluid of women suffering from DOR. Available data from published research were collected to create the FGC_MiRNome_MC, a representation of miRNA target genes and their interactions.

Genetic and species rearrangements in microbial consortia impact biodegradation potential.

Genomic reorganisation between species and horizontal gene transfer have been considered the most important mechanism of biological adaptation under selective pressure. Still, the impact of mobile genes in microbial ecology is far from being completely understood. Here we present the collection and characterisation of microbial consortia enriched from environments contaminated with emerging pollutants, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Repurposing Drugs for Synergistic Combination Therapies to Counteract Monkeypox Virus Tecovirimat Resistance.

The ongoing monkeypox (mpox) disease outbreak has spread to multiple countries in Central Africa and evidence indicates it is driven by a more virulent clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain than the clade II strain associated with the 2022 global mpox outbreak, which led the WHO to declare this mpox outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. The FDA-approved small molecule antiviral tecovirimat (TPOXX) is recommended to treat mpox cases with severe symptoms, but the limited efficacy of TPOXX and the emergence of TPOXX resistant MPXV variants has challenged this medical practice of care and highlighted the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study we have used vaccinia virus (VACV) as a surrogate of MPXV to assess the antiviral efficacy of combination therapy of TPOXX together with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an FDA-approved immunosuppressive agent that we have shown to inhibit VACV and MPXV, or the N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) inhibitor IMP-1088.

COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Fails to Enhance Antibody Response to Omicron Variant in Reinfected Healthcare Workers.

The emergence of new variants and diverse vaccination regimens have raised uncertainty about vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to investigate the impact of Omicron primo-/reinfection and primary vaccination schedules on the immunogenicity of an mRNA-based booster dose over a six-month period. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the durability and level of antibodies of 678 healthcare workers fully vaccinated against COVID-19.

Impact of Obesity-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Mutations on COVID-19 Severity and Clinical Outcomes.

This study explores the relationship between specific SARS-CoV-2 mutations and obesity, focusing on how these mutations may influence COVID-19 severity and outcomes in high-BMI individuals. We analyzed 205 viral mutations from a cohort of 675 patients, examining the association of mutations with BMI, hospitalization, and mortality rates. Logistic regression models and statistical analyses were applied to assess the impact of significant mutations on clinical outcomes, including inflammatory markers and antibody levels.

Plasmid Gene Therapy for Monogenic Disorders: Challenges and Perspectives.

Monogenic disorders are a group of human diseases caused by mutations in single genes. While some disease-altering treatments offer relief and slow the progression of certain conditions, the majority of monogenic disorders still lack effective therapies. In recent years, gene therapy has appeared as a promising approach for addressing genetic disorders.

Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape: A Narrative Review on Topical and Oral Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors in Dermatology.

Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines that mediate several chronic inflammatory disorders, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In recent years, the therapeutic armamentarium in dermatology has expanded with the introduction of PDE4 inhibitors, both in oral and topical formulations. PDE4 inhibitors have gained increasing interest due to their remarkable safety record and ease of prescription, as evidenced by the recent influx of literature detailing its off-label uses.

Development and Characterization of Lyophilized Chondroitin Sulfate-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Encapsulation Efficiency and Stability.

This study explores the development and characterization of lyophilized chondroitin sulfate (CHON)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as an innovative platform for advanced drug delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles are increasingly recognized for their biocompatibility, their ability to encapsulate diverse compounds, their capacity to enhance drug stability, their bioavailability, and their therapeutic efficacy. CHON, a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, was integrated into SLN formulations using the hot microemulsion technique.

Development and Application of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict Systemic and Organ Exposure of Colorectal Cancer Drugs.

Background/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) holds the third and second position among cancers affecting men and women, respectively. Frequently, the first-line treatment for metastatic CRC consists of the intravenous administration of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in combination with oxaliplatin or irinotecan. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models (PBPK) aim to mechanistically incorporate body physiology and drug physicochemical attributes, enabling the description of both systemic and organ drug exposure based on the treatment specificities.

The Frequency of c.557A>G in the Dominican Population and Its Association with African Ancestry.

Genetic polymorphism of the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene () is responsible for the variability found in the metabolism of fluoropyrimidines such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine, or tegafur. The genotype is linked to variability in enzyme activity, 5-FU elimination, and toxicity. Approximately 10-40% of patients treated with fluoropyrimidines develop severe toxicity.

Alkaloid Profile, Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities, and Sexual Propagation in (Amaryllidaceae).

, a recently described endemic species from southern Peru, belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and is known for its diversity of alkaloids. Amaryllidoideae have been studied for their diverse biological activities, particularly for their properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This work examines the alkaloidal profile using GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS of alkaloid-enriched extracts obtained from the leaves and bulbs of and their inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes.

WCS417 Strain Enhances Tomato ( L.) Plant Growth Under Alkaline Conditions.

Iron (Fe) deficiency is among the most important agronomical concerns under alkaline conditions. Bicarbonate is considered an important factor causing Fe deficiency in dicot plants, mainly on calcareous soils. Current production systems are based on the use of high-yielding varieties and the application of large quantities of agrochemicals, which can cause major environmental problems.