Stress and telomere length in leukocytes: Investigating the role of GABRA6 gene polymorphism and cortisol.

Telomere length (TL) is considered a biomarker of aging, and short TL in leukocytes is related to age and stress-related health problems. Cumulative lifetime stress exposure has also been associated with shorter TL and age-related health problems, but the mechanisms are not well understood. We tested in 108 individuals whether shorter TL in leukocytes is observed in individuals with the GABRA6 TT genotype, which has been associated with dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (the main biological stress system) compared to the CC genotype.

State of knowledge of the relationship between celiac disease and oral pathology: A scoping review.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic disorder characterized by an enteropathy of highly variable clinical expression, in which the relationship with oral pathology has not yet been fully elucidated. We aimed to update the current knowledge on oral manifestations in CD, to identify evidence gaps and to point out future research lines.

Material And Methods: PRISMA-ScR guidelines were followed.

Is efficacy of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion in mid to late adolescents and young adults related to craniofacial sutures opening? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transverse maxillary deficiency is a relatively common type of malocclusion, that if left untreated will probably affect the permanent dentition. Recent investigations have proposed the use of bone-supported miniscrews around the midpalatal suture to expand the palate in late adolescents. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of the Miniscrew Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) technique in young adult patients, by quantifying skeletal expansion in relation to the age of the patient, as well as the impact upon other craniofacial sutures, and to describe the possible dental side effects.

The spatial landscape of cancer hallmarks reveals patterns of tumor ecological dynamics and drug sensitivity.

Tumors are complex ecosystems of interacting cell types. The concept of cancer hallmarks distills this complexity into underlying principles that govern tumor growth. Here, we explore the spatial distribution of cancer hallmarks across 63 primary untreated tumors from 10 cancer types using spatial transcriptomics.

Comparing answers of ChatGPT and Google Gemini to common questions on benign anal conditions.

Introduction: Chatbots have been increasingly used as a source of patient education. This study aimed to compare the answers of ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini to common questions on benign anal conditions in terms of appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and language level.

Methods: Each chatbot was asked a set of 30 questions on hemorrhoidal disease, anal fissures, and anal fistulas.

Robust differentiation and potent immunomodulation of human mesenchymal stromal cells cultured with a xeno-free GMP protein supplement.

Background/aims: Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) are multipotent adult cells commonly used in regenerative medicine as advanced therapy medicinal products. The expansion of these cells in xeno-free supplements is highly encouraged by regulatory agencies due to safety concerns. However, the number of supplements with robust performance and consistency for hMSC expansion are limited.

Immunonutrition to improve the quality of life of upper gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment prior to surgery (NEOIMMUNE): double-blind randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial.

Background: Malnutrition is common with esophagogastric cancers and is associated with negative outcomes. We aimed to evaluate if immunonutrition during neoadjuvant treatment improves patient's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and reduces postoperative morbidity and toxicities during neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods: A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was undertaken.

Evaluating programmatic reactive focal drug administration impact on malaria incidence in northern Senegal: an interrupted time series analysis.

Background: The World Health Organization conditionally recommends reactive drug administration to reduce malaria transmission in settings approaching elimination. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of reactive focal drug administration (rFDA) in sub-Saharan Africa, and none have evaluated it under programmatic conditions. In 2016, Senegal's national malaria control programme introduced rFDA, the presumptive treatment of compound members of a person with confirmed malaria, and reactive mass focal drug administration (rMFDA), an expanded effort including neighbouring compounds during an outbreak, in 10 low transmission districts in the north of the country.

Syndemic, mental health and living with dependent persons in Latin America and Spain: a study with a gender perspective.

Objective: To analyze the sociostructural determinants associated with mental health problems during the lockdown period among populations residing in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain who lived with minors or dependents, approached from a gender perspective.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six participating countries via an adapted, self-managed online survey. People living with minors and/or dependents were selected.

Extending from Adaptation to Resilience Pathways: Perspectives from the Conceptual Framework to Key Insights.

The extent and timescale of climate change impacts remain uncertain, including global temperature increase, sea level rise, and more frequent and intense extreme events. Uncertainties are compounded by cascading effects. Nevertheless, decision-makers must take action.

Anatomical limits of the parapharyngeal space using a transoral endoscopic approach - Radioanatomical study in cadaver.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to obtain the anatomical limits of the parapharyngeal space by transoral surgical approach, in order to objectively determine the types of lesions according to location, where this type of approach is more indicated.

Methods: A prospective, experimental, radio-anatomical study was performed on 10 cryopreserved human heads(20 sides). A transoral approach of the parapharyngeal space was performed determining its anatomical limits by CT navigation.

Encorafenib, cetuximab and chemotherapy in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Encorafenib + cetuximab (EC) is approved for previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on the BEACON phase 3 study. Historically, first-line treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC with chemotherapy regimens has had limited efficacy. The phase 3 BREAKWATER study investigated EC+mFOLFOX6 versus standard of care (SOC) in patients with previously untreated BRAF V600E mCRC.

Prospective association between breakfast consumption frequency and BMI z-score among European school-aged children. The Feel4Diabetes Study.

Background: The long-term effects of breakfast on childhood z-BMI remain inconclusive.

Objective: To prospectively assess the impact of stable and altered breakfast consumption habits on z-BMI change over two years, in school-aged children across six European countries.

Methods: Data of 6,528 children (8.

DeepExtremeCubes: Earth system spatio-temporal data for assessing compound heatwave and drought impacts.

With climate extremes' rising frequency and intensity, robust analytical tools are crucial to predict their impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. Machine learning techniques show promise but require well-structured, high-quality, and curated analysis-ready datasets. Earth observation datasets comprehensively monitor ecosystem dynamics and responses to climatic extremes, yet the data complexity can challenge the effectiveness of machine learning models.

Ferroptosis triggers mitochondrial fragmentation via Drp1 activation.

Constitutive mitochondrial dynamics ensure quality control and metabolic fitness of cells, and their dysregulation has been implicated in various human diseases. The large GTPase Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is intimately involved in mediating constitutive mitochondrial fission and has been implicated in mitochondrial cell death pathways. During ferroptosis, a recently identified type of regulated necrosis driven by excessive lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial fragmentation has been observed.

Evaluation the role of the nephrology team in the specific vascular access outpatient clinic. What can we contribute new?

Background And Objectives: The key points of a monographic vascular access (VA) consultation are an adequate preoperative assessment, as well as a correct management and optimization of waiting lists. Our main objective of present study was to evaluate the degree of exploratory-dependent concordance in outpatient clinics regarding implanted VA, between nephrology and vascular surgery.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed VA created or surgically repaired between 2021 and 2022.

[Translated article] Activities of clinical pharmacists in intensive care units.

The main objective of the activity carried out in an intensive care unit (ICU) and in general, in all hospitalization units, is to provide all the human and material resources to offer the best therapeutic care to admitted patients. Work in multidisciplinary teams, made up of specialists in intensive care medicine as those responsible for the patients, doctors from other specialties, specialized nursing, physiotherapists, nutritionists, and clinical pharmacists is an optimal approach to achieve the proposed objective. The activities of the clinical pharmacist can be developed at different levels (basic, intermediate, and excellent) depending on the degree of involvement, the time dedicated, the training, and the available resources.

Clinical patterns and outcomes of patients affected by primary malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa: A European multicenter retrospective chart review.

Introduction: The purpose of this European multicenter study was to describe and assess the characteristics, diagnosis, management, and recurrence of oral malignant melanoma at different European oral and maxillofacial surgery centers.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a systematic computer-assisted database that allowed the recording of data for all primary oral mucosal melanomas treated in the involved surgical units across Europe between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2022. The following data were recorded for each patient: gender, age, site, TNM staging, metastases, symptoms, imaging features, histopathological features, treatment, complications, recurrence, follow up, and survival.

Efficacy of Apheresis in the Remission of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is an abrupt hearing loss, often of unknown cause. Apheresis is a treatment option aimed at improving blood hemorheology by removing pathogenic blood components. There are currently no previous meta-analyses on its efficacy.

Co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases and mortality risk in Spain: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: This study aims to estimate the impact of the co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors on mortality in the Spanish adult population.

Design: Population-based cohort study based on data from the 2011-2012 Spanish National Health Survey and the 2014 European Health Survey (n=35 053 participants ≥15 years of age) both linked to mortality data as of December 2022. Risk factors included tobacco use, high-risk alcohol consumption, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, leisure time sedentary lifestyle and body mass index outside the 18.

Human cancer cells xenografts to assess the efficacy of granulysin-based therapeutics.

9-kDa Granulysin is a protein present in the granules of human activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. It has been shown to exert cytolytic activity against a wide variety of microbes: bacteria, fungi, yeast and protozoa. Recombinant isolated granulysin is also capable of inducing tumor cell death, so it could be used as an anti-tumor therapy.

Induction of sepsis in a rat model by the cecal ligation and puncture technique. Application for the study of experimental acute renal failure.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection, and its occurrence is associated with a poor prognosis in the context of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Although there are several animal models for the study of its etiology, the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model has been considered the "Gold standard" because it shows a high degree of similarity to the progression of human sepsis. Currently, it is one of the most frequently chosen options to search for therapeutic alternatives to diminish the progression and organ damage induced by sepsis.

A mouse model to assess immunotherapy-related colitis.

Combined blockade of the immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma, among other tumor types. However, a proportion of patients suffer from serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In severe cases, a reduction of the doses or the complete cessation of the treatment is required, limiting the antitumor efficacy of these treatments.