Ergothioneine improves healthspan of aged animals by enhancing cGPDH activity through CSE-dependent persulfidation.

Ergothioneine (ET), a dietary thione/thiol, is receiving growing attention for its possible benefits in healthy aging and metabolic resilience. Our study investigates ET's effects on healthspan in aged animals, revealing lifespan extension and enhanced mobility in Caenorhabditis elegans, accompanied by improved stress resistance and reduced age-associated biomarkers. In aged rats, ET administration enhances exercise endurance, muscle mass, and vascularization, concomitant with higher NAD levels in muscle.

Viremic non-progression in HIV/SIV infection: A tied game between virus and host.

High-efficacy antiretroviral treatment (ART) has been a game-changer for HIV/AIDS pandemic, but incomplete CD4 T cell recovery and persistent chronic immune activation still affect HIV-suppressed people. Exceptional cases of HIV infection that naturally exhibit delayed disease progression provide invaluable insights into protective biological mechanisms with potential clinical application. Viremic non-progressors (VNPs) represent an extremely rare population of individuals with HIV, characterized by preservation of the CD4 T cell compartment despite persistent high levels of viral load (>10,000 copies/mL).

Is living close to a drug treatment centre associated with stigma?

Background: Multiple studies have documented stigma towards people who use drugs, but a less well studied aspect of stigmatisation is the phenomenon known as "not in my backyard," The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between living near a drug treatment centre and the degree of perceived public stigma, as well as to identify differences among sociodemographic profiles.

Methods: Based on the Barcelona Health Survey (N=3270), public stigma was defined as scores at or above the 66th percentile of an index of 2 questions on the general population's perceptions of people who use drugs as failures and as dangerous (Cronbach's alpha = 0.84).

Epidemiology, Ventilation Management, and Outcomes in Invasively Ventilated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: An Analysis of Four Observational Studies in Four Countries on Two Continents.

Epidemiology, ventilator management, and outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been described extensively but have never been compared between countries. We performed an individual patient data analysis of four observational studies to compare epidemiology, ventilator management, and outcomes. We used propensity score weighting to control for confounding factors.

Efficacy of a Mobile Health-Based Behavioral Treatment for Lifestyle Modification in Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management: Greenhabit Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Enhancing self-management in health care through digital tools is a promising strategy to empower patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to improve self-care.

Objective: This study evaluates whether the Greenhabit (mobile health [mHealth]) behavioral treatment enhances T2D outcomes compared with standard care.

Methods: A 12-week, parallel, single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 123 participants (62/123, 50%, female; mean age 58.

Carboxylate-Terminated Electrode Surfaces Improve the Performance of Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors.

Electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) sensors are a molecular measurement platform that enables the continuous, real-time measurement of a wide range of drugs and biomarkers in situ in the living body. EAB sensors are fabricated by depositing a thiol-modified, target-binding aptamer on the surface of a gold electrode, followed by backfilling with an alkanethiol to form a self-assembled monolayer. And while the majority of previously described EAB sensors have employed hydroxyl-terminated monolayers, a handful of studies have shown that altering the monolayer headgroup can strongly affect sensor performance.

Unraveling the Role of Alkali on Cobalt Catalyst Performance in Ethanol Steam Reforming by Operando DRIFT Studies and DFT Modeling.

Hydrogen, a sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel, can be obtained through the ethanol steam reforming (ESR) process. The most promising catalysts for this process are those based on non-noble metals such as cobalt. The activity, selectivity, and stability of these catalysts strongly depend on the presence of alkali dopants.

Prefrontal 5α-reductase 2 mediates male-specific acute stress response.

A key response to acute stress is the increased brain synthesis of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP). Although the rate-limiting step of this reaction is catalyzed by 5α-reductase (5αR), the role of its two primary isoenzymes, 5αR1 and 5αR2, in stress reactivity remains unclear. Here, we found that acute stress led to increased levels of 5αR2, but not 5αR1, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male, but not female, rats.

A neuromechanics solution for adjustable robot compliance and accuracy.

Robots have to adjust their motor behavior to changing environments and variable task requirements to successfully operate in the real world and physically interact with humans. Thus, robotics strives to enable a broad spectrum of adjustable motor behavior, aiming to mimic the human ability to function in unstructured scenarios. In humans, motor behavior arises from the integrative action of the central nervous system and body biomechanics; motion must be understood from a neuromechanics perspective.

Structure Matters: Tailored Graphitization of Carbon Dots Enhances Photocatalytic Performance.

The chemical structure and photoredox properties of carbon dots () are not yet fully understood. However, it has been reported that, by carefully choosing the starting materials and tuning their synthesis conditions, it is possible to obtain with different chemical structures and therefore different photocatalytic performance. For this work, a family of different was synthesized in Milli-Q water a microwave-assisted protocol, using citric acid and urea as precursors.

Effects of a 6-month rowing training program in breast cancer survivors.

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to determine the effects of a rowing training program on physical fitness and body composition in female breast cancer survivors (56.78 ± 6.38 years).

Proper 5'-3' cotranslational mRNA decay in yeast requires import of Xrn1 to the nucleus.

The budding yeast Xrn1 protein shuttles between the nucleus, where it stimulates transcription, and the cytoplasm, where it executes the major cytoplasmic mRNA decay. In the cytoplasm, apart from catalyzing 5'→3' decay onto non translated mRNAs, Xrn1 can follow the last translating ribosome to degrade the decapped mRNA template, a process known as "cotranslational mRNA decay". We have previously observed that the import of Xrn1 to the nucleus is required for efficient cytoplasmic mRNA decay.

Cofactors facilitate bona fide prion misfolding in vitro but are not necessary for the infectivity of recombinant murine prions.

Prion diseases, particularly sporadic cases, pose a challenge due to their complex nature and heterogeneity. The underlying mechanism of the spontaneous conversion from PrPC to PrPSc, the hallmark of prion diseases, remains elusive. To shed light on this process and the involvement of cofactors, we have developed an in vitro system that faithfully mimics spontaneous prion misfolding using minimal components.

Comparative safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in key subgroups of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: A cohort study based on the French National Health Data System (SNDS).

Background: Risk factors and comorbidities can complicate management of non-valvular atrial fibrillation. We describe and compare real-world safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs; apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in subgroups of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, utilizing data from a national quasi-exhaustive French database.

Methods: Anticoagulant-naïve adults with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with ≥1 gastrointestinal bleeding risk factor, initiating anticoagulant treatment January 2016-December 2019, and covered by the French national health data system were eligible.

Phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity of Tunisian maize landraces.

Based on history, maize was first introduced into Tunisia and northern Africa, at large, from the south of Spain. Several subsequent introductions were made from diverse origins, generating new landraces by recombination and selection for adaptation to arid environments. This study aimed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among Tunisian maize landraces with possible sources of introduction from neighboring countries.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Reconstructing prehistoric lifeways using multi-Isotope analyses of human enamel, dentine, and bone from Legaire Sur, Spain.

Megalithism has been repetitively tied to specialised herding economies in Iberia, particularly in the mountainous areas of the Basque Country. Legaire Sur, in the uplands of Álava region, is a recently excavated passage tomb (megalithic monument) that held a minimum number of 25 individuals. This study analysed the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and strontium isotope ratios of 18 individuals, in a multi-tissue sampling study (successional tooth enamel sampling, incremental dentine sampling, and bulk bone collagen sampling).

A Systematic Review of Telemedicine Solutions to Provide Psychological Interventions for Women Receiving Fertility Treatments.

Infertility and assisted reproduction treatment (ART) are frequently accompanied by the experience of emotional disorders. Psychological interventions are available for infertile populations, but the barriers of current face-to-face models of care difficult their dissemination. This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD4202340179) aims to summarize how technologies are used in telemedicine psychological programs to manage emotional disorders in women undergoing fertility treatments.

Correlation Between Plantar Fascia Thickness and Other Variables in Women Diagnosed with Plantar Fasciopathy.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between plantar fascia (PF) thickness and various factors including pain, function, anthropometric parameters, and other variables in women diagnosed with plantar fasciopathy.

Methods: A total of 37 feet from female patients were randomly selected for this investigation. Utilizing ultrasound, the thickness of the PF was meticulously measured.

sp. nov. isolated from flowers of winter savoury L.

A novel strain of the genus , named He02, was isolated from flowers of L. in a survey for lactic acid bacteria associated with wild and cultivated plants in the metropolitan area of Valencia, Spain. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a similarity of 99% to DSM 23037=Ryu1-2.

Cerebral Microbleeds and Amyloid Pathology Estimates From the Amyloid Biomarker Study.

Importance: Baseline cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and APOE ε4 allele copy number are important risk factors for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) receiving therapies to lower amyloid-β plaque levels.

Objective: To provide prevalence estimates of any, no more than 4, or fewer than 2 CMBs in association with amyloid status, APOE ε4 copy number, and age.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data included in the Amyloid Biomarker Study data pooling initiative (January 1, 2012, to the present [data collection is ongoing]).

Dual Biological Role and Clinical Impact of De Novo Chromatin Activation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Previous studies have reported that chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) shows a de novo chromatin activation pattern as compared to normal B cells. Here, we explored whether the level of chromatin activation is related to the clinical behavior of CLL. We identified that in some regulatory regions, increased de novo chromatin activation is linked to clinical progression whereas, in other regions, it is associated with an indolent course.

HSP-CAR30 WITH A HIGH PROPORTION OF LESS-DIFFERENTIATED T CELLS PROMOTES DURABLE RESPONSES IN REFRACTORY CD30+ LYMPHOMA.

CD30-directed CART cell therapy (CART30) has limited efficacy in relapsed or refractory patients with CD30+ lymphoma, with a low proportion of durable responses. We have developed an academic CART30 cell product (HSP-CAR30) by combining strategies to improve performance. HSP-CAR30 targets a proximal epitope within the non-soluble part of CD30, and the manufacturing process includes a modulation of ex vivo T cell activation, as well as the addition of interleukin-21 to IL-7 and IL-15 to promote stemness of T cells.