Effects of different preceding crops on soil nutrients and foxtail millet productivity and quality.

Crop rotation can affect crop productivity and soil characteristics; however, the impact of preceding crops on the yield and quality of foxtail millet and the relationship between these two factors have not been well characterised. To further investigate the effects of preceding crops on foxtail millet, this study cultivated maize, mung beans, soybeans, potatoes, and proso millet as the preceding crops and rotated them with Zhangzagu10 foxtail millet. A randomised complete block design was employed for the study, and soil and millet samples were collected after harvest.

Effects of intercropping with legume forage on the rhizosphere microbial community structure of tea plants.

Context: Intercropping in agriculture is crucial for addressing challenges in intensive tea farming. Forage legumes reduce fertilizer dependence and significantly boost productivity. Currently, intercropping with legumes enhances the environmental conditions of tea plantations and improves tea quality.

Mapping resistance to Sclerotinia white mold in two pinto bean recombinant inbred line populations.

White mold, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a devastating disease affecting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production worldwide.

First report of causing Phomopsis stem canker on sunflower ( L.) in Minnesota.

Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a globally important oilseed crop that is grown primarily in the Northern Great Plains region of the United States. In September 2018, sunflower stems exhibiting brown stem lesions centered on the leaf axils and accompanied by pith degradation, consistent with symptoms of Phomopsis stem canker (PSC) disease, were sampled from a commercial field of approximately 520 hectares in Polk County, MN (47°50'24" N, 96.

Design of bisamide inhibitors of the TASK-1 potassium channel .

TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 1 (TASK-1) is expressed ubiquitously across various tissues and plays a significant role in neural activity and anesthetic modulation, making it a crucial target for pharmaceutical research. The high conservation of binding site residues within the TASK family, particularly between TASK-1 and TASK-3, necessitates the development of selective inhibitors for TASK-1. In this study, we utilized a combination of structure-based drug design (SBDD) and ligand-based drug design (LBDD) approaches.

Persistent monitoring of insect-pests on sticky traps through hierarchical transfer learning and slicing-aided hyper inference.

Introduction: Effective monitoring of insect-pests is vital for safeguarding agricultural yields and ensuring food security. Recent advances in computer vision and machine learning have opened up significant possibilities of automated persistent monitoring of insect-pests through reliable detection and counting of insects in setups such as yellow sticky traps. However, this task is fraught with complexities, encompassing challenges such as, laborious dataset annotation, recognizing small insect-pests in low-resolution or distant images, and the intricate variations across insect-pests life stages and species classes.

Enzymatic hydrolysis processing of soybean meal altered its structure and protein digestive dynamics in pigs.

Introduction: The study evaluated the enzymatic hydrolysis processing on physicochemical properties and protein digestive dynamics of soybean meal (SBM), as well as the relationship between protein secondary structure and digestive parameters was established.

Methods: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze the microstructure and protein structure of the SBM and enzymatic hydrolysis processed soybean meal (ESBM). SBM and ESBM were incubated with pepsin at pH 3.

Two mutations in one QTL confer shattering resistance.

Resistance to shattering is essential for seed production in domesticated crops. In a recent study, Li et al. found that this trait arose in soybean through mutations in two genes, Shattering1 (Sh1) and Pod dehiscence1 (Pdh1), within a single quantitative trait locus (QTL).

An R2R3-type MYB transcription factor, GmMYB77, negatively regulates isoflavone accumulation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.].

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an exceptionally rich in isoflavones, and these compounds attach to oestrogen receptors in the human body, lessening the risk of breast cancer and effectively alleviating menopausal syndrome symptoms.

Selective nitric oxide redistribution by phospholipid nanoparticles: A novel strategy to mitigate massive nitric oxide release and prevent reperfusion injury in septic shock.

Nitric oxide plays a critical role in regulating vascular tone, but excessive nitric oxide release during septic shock results in hypotension due to excessive vasodilation and the formation of toxic free radicals. VBI-S is a phospholipid nanoparticle based fluid composed of lipid bilayers formed primarily by phosphatidylcholine and micelles of soybean oil encapsulated by a monolayer of phosphatidylcholine. These nanoparticles offer a novel solution by absorbing and redistributing nitric oxide and nitrite, potentially mitigating the harmful effects of excessive nitric oxide in sepsis.

A high-rate A2O bioreactor with airlift-driven circulation and anoxic hybrid growth for enhanced carbon and nutrient removal from a nutrient rich wastewater.

Within this research, a one-stage hybrid dual internal circulation airlift A2O (DCAL-A2O) bioreactor was designed and operated to simultaneously remove carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous (CNP) from milk processing wastewater (MPW) in different operational circumstances. The substantial operating variables monitored in this work were including hydraulic retention time (HRT), airflow rate (AFR) and aeration volume ratio (AVR) ranged from 7 to 15 h, 1-3 L/min and 0.324-0.

Microstructural and textural characteristics of blend gels and high-moisture meat analogs of soy protein isolate and faba bean protein concentrate.

In this study, the effects of faba bean protein concentrate (FPC) and soy protein isolate (SPI) on the microstructure and texture of high-moisture meat analogs (HMMA) were extensively analyzed using rheological methodologies. Rheological analyses revealed that introducing FPC disrupted the gel structure and hindered the formation of a protein network among the SPIs. The gel stability also indicated that higher FPC content increased the susceptibility to continuous oscillation, potentially resulting in structural collapse.

Grazing intensity for enhanced resource use efficiency in integrated crop-livestock systems: Balancing soil carbon storage and food security.

Preserving natural resources while addressing global food demand is a critical responsibility of the agricultural sector. In light of this, strategically integrating domestic herbivores into crop monocultures is seen as a promising opportunity to generate additional income and improve the efficiency of food production. Our study presents long-term results from experimentation on Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems (ICLS), revealing its productive and environmental benefits.

Comparative analysis of high-fat diets: Effects of mutton, beef, and vegetable fats on body weight, biochemical profiles, and liver histology in mice.

Background: High-fat diets are associated with metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and liver disorders. Beef and mutton, both widely consumed meats, are significant sources of animal fat, while soybean oil, a commonly used cooking oil, is a prominent source of plant-derived fat. This study aimed to compare the effects of regular consumption of beef fat, mutton fat, and soybean oil in mice to assess potential health risks.

Transcriptome Comparison between Resistant and Susceptible Soybean Cultivars in Response to Inoculation of Phytophthora sojae.

Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, considerably reduces soybean yield worldwide. Our previous study identified two genomic regions on chromosome 18 (2.1-2.

Effect of carrageenan on stability and 3D printing performance of high internal phase pickering emulsion stabilized by soy protein isolate aggregates under neutral condition.

High internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) stabilized by heat induced soy protein isolate aggregates (HSPI) alone had limited stability and poor 3D printing performance. While there is few research about HIPPE stabilized by HSPI and polysaccrides at neutral pH condition, where HSPI and ĸ-carrageenan (CG) were combined to fabricate HIPPE in this research. It was found that the incorporation of CG significantly decreased the droplet size and improved the storage stability of the resulting HIPPE.

Enhanced physicochemical properties and riboflavin delivery ability of soy isolate protein/sugar beet pectin composite freeze-dried gels prepared by double crosslinking strategy.

Improving the mechanical strength of protein freeze-dried gels materials has become a research priority in the field of nutrient delivery system development in recent years. In this study, double crosslinking freeze-dried gels were prepared by integrating laccase catalyzed sugar beet pectin (SBP) as a highly active filler molecule into the soybean isolate protein (SPI) thermally induced gel network, followed by freeze-drying. The double crosslinking freeze-dried gels were a porous material and the addition of SBP resulted in the formation of amorphous forms of freeze-dried gels with lower binding energy.

Response of soybean root exudates and related metabolic pathways to low phosphorus stress.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential elemental nutrient required in high abundance for robust soybean growth and development. Low P stress negatively impacts plant physiological and biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and energy transfer. Soybean roots play key roles in plant adaptive responses to P stress and other soil-related environmental stressors.