Non-pharmacological treatment strategies for anthropometric, physical capacity and physiological indicators among sarcopenic obesity patients: a systematic review of rigorous randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of non-pharmacological treatments on sarcopenic obesity (SO).

Methods: A search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on SO was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP. A meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models for MDs.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the role of UGT72 family genes in arbutin biosynthesis in Pyrus and evolution driven by whole genome duplication.

The UGT72 gene family encodes proteins that glycosylate phenylpropanoids, and thus contribute to the synthesis of various phenolic substances. However, their functional role and evolutionary history in Pyrus spp. remains poorly understood.

Removal characteristics of heavy metals from polluted river water purified by hybrid constructed wetlands.

Heavy metal pollution in urban rivers has become a global issue. In this study, hybrid constructed wetlands (HCWs) were used to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of field wetland projects in removing heavy metals, with evaluation metrics including seasonal variations, plant contributions, and structure compositions. The experimental results showed that the synergistic system of root-microorganism-substrate formed in the combined process well realized the high efficiency of heavy metal removal, in which the removal rate in the warm season was higher than that in the cold season.

Identification of multiple miRNA-encoded peptide reveals OsmiPEP162a putatively stabilizes OsMIR162 in rice.

MiPEPs regulate growth, development and stress response. Identification of rice miPEPs plays a crucial role in elucidation of molecular functions of rice miPEPs and rice genetic improvement. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are derivatives of primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and govern the expression of target genes.

Intrinsic Chirality Modulation and Biosensing Application of Helical Gold Nanorods by Anisotropic Etching.

The investigation of plasmonic chirality is a profound and intriguing topic, and the distinctive morphology of intrinsically chiral nanoparticles has prompted significant interest in the structure-activity relationship between particle morphology and chirality. In this work, the anisotropic etching of chiral helical gold nanorods (HGNRs) by a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-HAuCl complex was observed with an interesting bidirectional variation of intrinsic chirality that initially enhanced and subsequently weakened, which was related with the diversity in CTAB distribution. In addition, an ultrasensitive and convenient sensing platform for acetylcholinesterase was developed based on the circular dichroism signal recovery of HGNRs caused by the dual inhibition of HGNR etching.

Dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation improves growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets.

This study investigated the effects of dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), blood profile, intestinal morphology, transcriptomics, and microbial composition in weaned piglets. A total of twenty-four 28-day-old weaned piglets (Landrace × Large Yorkshire, 8.28 ± 1.

Targeting TRAF6/IRF3 axis to inhibit NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation enhances the chemosensitivity of 5-FU and reverses the proliferation of gastric cancer.

Chemoresistance poses a significant clinical challenge in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC), while its underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Post-translational protein modification and abnormal activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) are critical regulators of tumor chemoresistance. This study investigates the role of TNF receptors-associated factors 6 (TRAF6) in 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistant GC.

BmE2F1 regulates endoreplication of silk gland cells in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Endoreplication is particularly important in the context of silk protein synthesis within the silk gland cells of silkworms. Our previous research indicated that the BmE2F1 enhances the silk yield of silkworm cocoons, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we employed RNA-sequencing to dissect the transcriptional profiles of silk glands in the wild-type Dazao silkworm strain and the overexpression (OE) silkworm strain with specific overexpression of the BmE2F1 gene in silk glands.

Enhancement mechanism of ι-carrageenan on the network structure and gel-related properties of soy protein isolate/λ-carrageenan system.

Enhancement mechanism of ι-carrageenan on the network structure and gel-related properties of soy protein isolate (SPI)/λ-carrageenan system was investigated. Adding ι-carrageenan decreased SPI particles' size in nano-scale, reduced hydrophobic interactions by suppressing exposure of hydrophobic groups, and increased the disulfide bonds in SPI. With rising ι-carrageenan content (< 0.

Cervical cancer screening by biomarker-free Serum-SERS technique: A three-principal-substrate approach.

The complexity of serum constituents and the lack of knowledge on biomarkers bring obstacles for reliable cancer screening with the limited information obtained by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on a single substrate. We report here an extremely high-accurate approach for cancer screening by biomarker-free serum-SERS technique which employs three principal SERS substrates that are of specially designed surface properties. With three substrates rich information on serum can be obtained from SERS spectra, of which quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) yields excellent classifications of serum samples independently.

Discovery, Replicability, and Generalizability of a Left Anterior Hippocampus' Morphological Network Linked to Self-Regulation.

The human hippocampus is a key region in cognitive and emotional processing, but also a vulnerable and plastic region. Accordingly, there is a great interest in understanding how variability in the hippocampus' structure relates to variability in behavior in healthy and clinical populations. In this study, we aimed to link interindividual variability in subregional hippocampal networks (i.

A tunable and reversible thermo-inducible bio-switch for streptomycetes.

Programmable control of bacterial gene expression holds great significance for both applied and academic research. This is particularly true for Streptomyces, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria and major producers of prodigious natural products. Despite that a few inducible regulatory systems have been developed for use in Streptomyces, there is an increasing pursuit to augment the toolkit of high-performance induction systems.

Integrative analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome reveal comprehensive mechanisms of monolignol biosynthesis in response to bioclimatic factors in Magnolia officinalis.

Background: Magnolia officinalis (M. officinalis) thrives in temperate, elevated regions, and its desiccated bark comprises medicinal monolignol. Both abiotic and biotic factors can influence the pharmacodynamic compounds of M.

[Chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory activity of Dracocephalum tanguticum].

The chemical constituents of Dracocephalum tanguticum were investigated using normal-and reverse-phase silica gel column chromatography, RP-HPLC, and other separation techniques, combined with experimental methods such as NMR, UV, IR, MS, and ORD, as well as comparison with reported literature data. From the ethanol extract of D. tanguticum, 10 compounds were isolated and identified: dracotangusion C(1),(1R,4S,5S,10R)-(+)-germacrone-1(10)-4-diepoxide(2), 1β,4β,5β-trihydroxy-7(11),9-germacradien-8-one(3), curcumadione(4), β-sitosterol(5), lilacoside(6), diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), diosmin(8), luteolin-7-O-glucoside(9), and luteolin(10).

Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for the rapid on-site detection of Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP).

The Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), one of the world's most economically important aquatic species, is highly susceptible to Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP), a pathogen that infects the hepatopancreas and causes hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM), leading to stunted growth and substantial economic losses in shrimp farming. Currently, no effective treatments for EHP exist, making rapid on-site detection and preventive measures essential for disease control. While nucleic acid-based detection methods are commonly employed, they require specialized equipment, controlled environments, and trained personnel, which increase costs.

Co-assembled supramolecular hydrogel of asiaticoside and Panax notoginseng saponins for enhanced wound healing.

Self-assembling natural drug hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for scalable and customizable drug delivery systems attributed to their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Asiaticoside (AS), a bioactive compound derived from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction Among Chinese Older Adults: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Accumulating evidence indicates that social media use (SMU) enhances life satisfaction among older adults, yet further research remains necessary to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. This study investigated whether SMU affects older adults' life satisfaction through online and offline social connectedness and whether loneliness and functional disability moderate these pathways. 232 Chinese older adults ( = 65.

The relationship between physical activity and sleep quality among college students: The chain-mediating effects of self-control and mobile phone addiction.

The psychological and physiological health of undergraduates was correlated with the sleep quality, which can be improved through increasing physical activity. However, the correlations between physical activity and sleep quality are subject to various factors. In this study, we investigated the effects of self-control and mobile phone addiction on the correlations between physical activity on undergraduates' sleep quality at the psychological and behavioral levels.

A novel ATP-binding cassette protein (NoboABCG1.3) plays a role in the proliferation of Nosema bombycis.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins, one of the largest families of membrane transport proteins, participate in almost all biological processes and widely exist in living organisms. Microsporidia are intracellular parasites; they can reduce crop yields and pose a threat to human health. The ABC proteins are also present in microsporidia and play a critical role in their proliferation and energy transport.

Iron addition promotes mercury removal from soil by Robinia pseudoacacia-rhizobia symbiosis.

Iron plaques on the root surface can promote or inhibit the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals by plants. However, the mechanism by which iron regulates the response of Robinia pseudoacacia to mercury (Hg) have not been elucidated which hinders its application in divalent Hg (Hg2+) removal from Hg-contaminated soil. In this study, association analyses between transcriptome and metabolome were used to investigate effects of iron on the rhizosphere microenvironment and performance of R.

TAC-UNet: transformer-assisted convolutional neural network for medical image segmentation.

Background: Medical image segmentation is crucial for improving healthcare outcomes. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely applied in medical image analysis; however, their inherent inductive biases limit their ability to capture global contextual information. Vision transformer (ViT) architectures address this limitation by leveraging attention mechanisms to model global relationships; however, they typically require large-scale datasets for effective training, which is challenging in the field of medical imaging due to limited data availability.

Systematic pharmacology-based strategy to investigate the mechanism of beta-sitosterol for the treatment of rheumarthritis.

: Sitosterol, which is derived from (VR), is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the pharmacological mechanisms through which sitosterol affects RA have not been fully elucidated. : Through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and Analysis (TCMSP), PubChem, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases, "sitosterol-RA"-related genes were obtained, and a target protein interaction network (protein-protein interaction [PPI]) was constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out for the intersecting genes.

Soil resource heterogeneity promotes species richness only at a fine scale at the early restoration of karst abandoned farmland.

The relationship between heterogeneity and plant diversity remains unclear in low-resource karst. We made observations at different spatial scales within a fixed plot on abandoned farmland that had been enclosed for 4 years. Species richness was spatially scale dependent, while species evenness remained consistently low across all scales.

The benefit of inhibitory control training for insomnia with short sleep duration phenotype: a pilot randomized trial.

Background: Two phenotypes of insomnia disorder (ID) have been identified based on objective total sleep duration (TST): one with short sleep duration (ISSD) and another with normal sleep duration (INSD). Recent proposals suggested that insomnia with objective short-sleep duration (TST < 7 h) is associated with impaired inhibitory function, leading to a dysregulation of cortical inhibition, which may underlie its prevalence. This study investigated the status of impaired response inhibition in these two phenotypes and examined the potential different effect of response inhibition training on these two phenotypes.

The relationship between physical activity and sleep disorders in adolescents: a chain-mediated model of anxiety and mobile phone dependence.

Background: Adolescent sleep disorders have emerged as a significant global public health issue. This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity and sleep disorders in adolescents, and to further analyze the chain mediating effects of anxiety and mobile phone dependence, with the goal of providing empirical evidence for related clinical research.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data through an offline questionnaire survey conducted in 2024.