Cognition and influencing factors of secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke 1 year after discharge in Southwest China: a cross-sectional survey.

Although the risk of recurrent stroke is very high in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), the implementation of secondary prevention of IS has not received enough attention. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cognition and compliance status of secondary prevention in patients with IS in southwest China and explore the factors affecting compliance with secondary prevention 1 year after discharge. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of patients with IS 1 year after discharge in southwest China through convenience sampling.

Photocatalyst-free formate-mediated C-O cleavage by the EDA complex and SCS strategy for the synthesis of diaryl 1,4-diketone in air.

Under mild visible light conditions, formates facilitate C-O cleavage the EDA complex and SCS strategy, yielding α-carbonyl alkyl radicals. These radicals then react with olefins under air conditions, leading to the synthesis of diaryl 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds. Mechanistic studies reveal that α-formyloxy ketone is generated by the reaction between α-brominated acetophenone and formates, followed by the formation of the EDA complex.

Homotypic membrane-camouflaged camptothecin nanorods combining photothermal and chemotherapy for synergistic antitumor therapy.

Chemotherapy hardly achieves satisfactory therapeutic efficacy owing to the widely occurred adverse effects and drug tolerance, and the extensively investigated delivery systems suffer from complicated synthesis, low drug loading and less efficient tumor accumulation. Herein, we developed rod-shape nanocrystals to address challenges in the circulation stability, tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of camptothecin (CPT), a mainstay of treatments for various cancers. CPT nanorods (CNR) were coated with polydopamine (PDA) to achieve combinational chemo- and photothermal therapies (PTT) and then wrapped with cell membrane (CM) from homotypic tumor cells to obtain CNR@PDA-CM.

Biophysiochemically favorable, antithrombotic and pro-endothelial coordination compound nanocoating of copper (II) with protocatechuic acid & nattokinase on flow-diverting stents.

Neurovascular flow-diverting stents (FDSs) are revolutionizing the paradigm for treatment of intracranial aneurysms, but they still face great challenges like post- implantation acute thrombosis and delayed reendothelialization. Surface modification is of crucial relevance in addressing such key issues. In this study, we fabricated an ultrathin nanocoating out of copper (II) together with protocatechuic acid (PCA) and nattokinase (NK) bioactive molecules on NiTi FDSs via a coordination chemistry approach, with favorable biophysiochemical interactions, to fulfill this goal.

Regulating astrocyte phenotype by Lcn2 inhibition toward ischemic stroke therapy.

Astrocytes can be reacted to "reactive astrocytes" after ischemia-reperfusion injury, in which A1 phenotype causes neuronal and oligodendrocyte death, whereas the A2 phenotype exerts neuroprotective effects, thus regulating reactive astrocyte to A2 type is a potential target for stroke therapy. Lcn2 level is highly associated with the phenotypic polarization of astrocytes. We found that silencing the Lcn2 gene by adeno-associated virus (AAV)-Lcn2 shRNA adenovirus resulted in a dramatic decrease in A1-type astrocytes and increase in A2 astrocytes in MCAO mice.

A Vacuum Ultraviolet (UV) Photoreactor-Based Flow Droplet Digestion for Determination of Arsenic and Mercury in Blood by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry.

It is still challenging to perform a high-throughput digestion on limited amounts of sample prior to elemental analysis by atomic spectrometry. Herein, a photochemical reactor consisting of a quartz tube inserted into a low-pressure mercury lamp was used to fabricate a flow droplet photodigestion (FD-PD) device for the high-throughput digestion of small amounts of samples. A mixture containing 20 μL of blood sample, 20 μL of HO, and 10 μL of HNO was pumped and passed through the reactor before its online analysis by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS).

Potent human antibodies against SpA5 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of phase I clinical volunteers' B cells.

The drug resistance problem of needs to be solved urgently. Here, we report the rapid identification of human antibodies by high-throughput single-cell RNA and VDJ sequencing of memory B cells derived from 64 volunteers immunized with recombinant five-component vaccine (clinical phase I). From 676 antigen-binding IgG1 clonotypes, TOP10 sequences were selected for expression and characterization, with the most potent one, Abs-9, having nanomolar affinity for the pentameric form of the specific antigen protein A.

Tuning the local S coordination environment on Ru single atoms to boost the oxygen evolution reaction.

Engineering the local electronic structure of single atom catalysts (SACs) still remains challenging. In this study, a Ru-NiS single atom catalyst with a controlled S coordination environment, where Ru single atoms are implanted on a NiS nanoflower consisting of plenty of cross-linked nanosheets, has been developed a facile atom capture strategy. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, it has been revealed that the fine-tuned local S coordination environment can optimize the electronic structure of Ru active sites, and reduce the energy barrier of the rate-determining step for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thus boosting the electrocatalytic activity, such as a low overpotential of 269 mV at 10 mA cm.

Association between METTL14 gene polymorphisms and risk of ovarian endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis, a prevalent chronic gynecological condition, is frequently associated with infertility and pelvic pain. Despite numerous studies indicating a correlation between epigenetic regulation and endometriosis, its precise genetic etiology remains elusive. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), a crucial component of the N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methyltransferase complex and an RNA binding scaffold, is known to play a pivotal role in various human diseases.

Trojan Horse-Like Biohybrid Nanozyme for Ameliorating Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related disease that occurs during liver transplantation and resection and hinders postoperative liver function recovery. Current approaches to alleviate liver I/R injury have limited effectiveness due to the short circulation time, poor solubility, and severe side effects of conventional antioxidants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Herein, a universal strategy is proposed to fabricate a Trojan horse-like biohybrid nanozyme (THBN) with hepatic-targeting capabilities.

High-Uniformity, Shape-Controlled Silicon Nanowires for Enhanced Performance in Optoelectronic Devices.

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) have attracted considerable interest owing to their distinctive properties, which render them promising candidates for a wide range of advanced applications in electronics, photonics, energy storage, and sensing. However, challenges in achieving large-scale production, high uniformity, and shape control limit their practical use. This study presents a novel fabrication approach combining nanoimprint lithography, nanotransfer printing, and metal-assisted chemical etching to produce highly uniform and shape-controlled Si NW arrays.

Ultrafast humidity sensor and transient humidity detections in high dynamic environments.

Limited by the adsorption and diffusion rate of water molecules, traditional humidity sensors, such as those based on polymer electrolytes, porous ceramics, and metal oxides, typically have long response times, which hinder their application in monitoring transient humidity changes. Here we present an ultrafast humidity sensor with a millisecond-level response. The sensor is prepared by assembling monolayer graphene oxide quantum dots on silica microspheres using a simple electrostatic self-assembly technique.

Practice and application of learning curve theory in improving prescription review skills in standardized training for pharmacists in medical institutions.

To explore the practice and application of learning curve theory in improving prescription review skills in standardized training for pharmacists in medical institutions, and to provide reference for enhancing the effectiveness of standardized training for pharmacists in medical institutions. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the relevant data of 20 students who participated in our hospital's standardized pharmacist training in 2022 and 2023 during their prescription review practice learning process. The prescription review practice learning process is divided into 10 stages, with 100 prescriptions in each stage.

MGATAF: multi-channel graph attention network with adaptive fusion for cancer-drug response prediction.

Background: Drug response prediction is critical in precision medicine to determine the most effective and safe treatments for individual patients. Traditional prediction methods relying on demographic and genetic data often fall short in accuracy and robustness. Recent graph-based models, while promising, frequently neglect the critical role of atomic interactions and fail to integrate drug fingerprints with SMILES for comprehensive molecular graph construction.

A hybrid critical channels and optimal feature subset selection framework for EEG fatigue recognition.

Fatigue driving is one of the potential factors threatening road safety, and monitoring drivers' mental state through electroencephalography (EEG) can effectively prevent such risks. In this paper, a new model, DE-GFRJMCMC, is proposed for selecting critical channels and optimal feature subsets from EEG data to improve the accuracy of fatigue driving recognition. The model is validated on the SEED-VIG dataset.

TiO-Based Implantable Memristor for Biomedical Engineering.

Implantable memristors are considered an emerging electronic technology that can simulate brain memory function and demonstrate some promising applications in the biomedical field. However, it remains a critical challenge to enhance their long-term stability and biocompatibility in implantation environments. In this work, an implantable memristor has been successfully fabricated based on TiO using magnetron sputtering.

Revealing Crucial Influences of Boron Support on Regulating Geometric and Electronic Structures of 3D Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

Building insights into the structure-performance relationship of catalysts has been emphasized recently. However, it remains a challenge due to catalysts' various and complex structures, especially the easily overlooked influence of the support material. Here, we reveal the crucial influences of boron introduction on synthesizing 3D carbon nanotube monoliths with embedded multistate Co metals, i.

Effect of a high Cl concentration on the transformation of waste leachate DOM by the UV/PMS system: A mechanistic study using the Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) as a simulator of waste leachate DOM.

The ultraviolet-activated peroxymosnofulate (UV/PMS) system, an effective advanced oxidation process for removing dissolved organic matter (DOM) from wastewater, is limited by high chloride ion (Cl) concentrations in landfill leachate. This study used Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to explore the transformation of DOM in the UV/PMS system with a high Cl concentration. The results revealed that elevated Cl levels generate reactive chlorine species, including chlorine radicals, dichlorine radicals, and hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite, reducing the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) from 78.

Enhanced piezoelectric sensor to distinguish real-time arrhythmia for predicting heart failure.

Monitoring cardiac rhythm is crucial for diagnosis of heart failure. However, the deficient sensitivity of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensors impede their application in monitoring of cardiac rhythm due to the limited piezoelectricity. Here, doping of CoFeO and aligning fibers were jointly adopted to enhance the piezoelectricity of PVDF, attributed to the transformation of α-PVDF to β-PVDF from 51.

Mast cell-mediated microRNA functioning in immune regulation and disease pathophysiology.

Upon stimulation and activation, mast cells (MCs) release soluble mediators, including histamine, proteases, and cytokines. These mediators are often stored within cytoplasmic granules in MCs and may be released in a granulated form. The secretion of cytokines and chemokines occurs within hours following activation, with the potential to result in chronic inflammation.

Stress Release of Zincophilic N-Doped Carbon@Sn Composite on High-Curvature Surface of Zinc Foam for Dendrite-Free 3D Zinc Anode.

Commercial 3D zinc foam anodes with high deposition space and ion permeation have shown great potential in aqueous ion batteries. However, the local accumulated stress from its high-curvature surface exacerbates the Zn dendrite issue, leading to poor reversibility. Herein, we have employed zincophilic N-doped carbon@Sn composites (N-C@Sn) as nano-fillings to effectively release the local stress of high curvature surface of 3D Zn foams toward dendrite-free anode in aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIB).

Effect of oxytocin nasal spray pretreatment on postoperative acute stress disorder in patients with accidental traumatic fracture: a single-centre prospective randomised controlled clinical trial study protocol.

Introduction: Patients undergoing surgical procedures are often prone to developing acute stress disorder (ASD) postoperatively. Presently, oxytocin nasal spray has shown significant potential in the treatment of stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases. However, there are few reports on the use of oxytocin nasal spray in postoperative ASD, a condition that can potentially develop into a high-risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder.

[Advances in pharmacological mechanism and toxicology of gambogic acid].

Gambogic acid, a caged xanthone compound derived from Garcinia, has been proven to be an important substance basis for the pharmacological effects of the plant. In recent years, it has received continuous attention due to its broad and significant pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that gambogic acid endows various therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor activities, as well as benefits in retinopathy, organ protection, anti-microbial infection, bone protection, and neuropathic pain relief.

Aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions for ultrafast detection of glucose in human blood serum.

An innovative colorimetric sensing strategy was developed for the detection of glucose by the integration of glucose aptamer, glucose oxidase (GOx), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), termed aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions (APECR). In the presence of glucose, aptamer binding enables GOx to catalyze glucose oxidation into HO efficiently. Subsequently, the adjacent HRP catalyzes the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate, 2,2'-biazobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), utilizing the generated HO, resulting in a distinct color change.