Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal four new wood-inhabiting fungi of and (Basidiomycota) from Southwestern China.

In the ecosystem, wood-inhabiting fungi play an indispensable role in wood degradation and the cycle of substances. They are regarded as the "key player" in the process of wood decomposition because of their ability to produce various enzymes that break down woody lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. In this study, four new wood-inhabiting fungal species, , , , and , were collected from southwestern China and were proposed based on the morphological and molecular evidence.

Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal three new plant pathogenic fungi species (Septobasidiales, Basidiomycota) from China.

Three new fungal species, , and , are proposed based on a combination of the morphological features and molecular evidence. The taxon is characterized by the coriaceous basidiomata with a cream surface, cylindrical basidia, straight, 4-celled, subglobose or ovoid probasidia and thin-walled, narrowly cylindrical basidiospores with septa, measuring as 7-9 × 3.5-4.

High Incubation Attendance and Nesting Site Constraints of the Sclater's Monal in an Alpine Environment in Southwestern China.

Breeding in alpine environments poses significant challenges to birds, requiring specific adaptations for survival. The Sclater's monal (), a regionally threatened, typical alpine pheasant species, is restricted to high-elevation habitat from the East Himalayas to the mountains of west Yunnan, China. Due to its low population density and the difficulty of accessing its habitats, the breeding ecology of this species is understudied.

 (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from Yunnan, China.

A new bamboo species, , from Kunming, Yunnan, China is described and illustrated in this paper. The new species used to be misidentified as . Based on careful comparison of morphological features and molecular phylogeny evidence, we confirmed its identity as a new member of the genus .

Morphology and multigene phylogeny revealed four new species of (Schizoporaceae, Basidiomycota) from southern China.

Fungi are one of the most diverse groups of organisms on Earth, amongst which wood-inhabiting fungi play a crucial role in ecosystem processes and functions. Four new wood-inhabiting fungi, , , and are proposed, based on morphological features and molecular evidence. is distinguished by a cream hymenial surface with a pruinose hymenophore, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid basidiospores.

Molecular and morphological data reveal two new polypores (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with reddish brown to orange basidiomata from China.

Two taxonomically controversial polypore genera with reddish brown to orange basidiomata that stain reddish with KOH solution, and , are revised based on additional sampling, morphological examination, and phylogenetic analysis of a combined dataset of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-nLSU sequences. is a monophyletic genus belonging to Phanerochaetaceae, whereas is a polyphyletic genus belonging to Meruliaceae.

Morphological and molecular identification for four new wood-inhabiting species of (Basidiomycota) from China.

Four new wood-inhabiting fungi, , , and , are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. is characterized by the farinose basidiomata with flocculence hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and ellipsoid, warted basidiospores. is characterized by the membranous basidiomata with odontioid hymenial surface, rhizomorphic sterile margin, barrelled basidia and subglobose to broad ellipsoid, smooth basidiospores.

 (Marattiaceae), a new fern species from Yunnan, China.

Ting Wang tris, H.F.Chen & Y.

 (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae, Indigofereae), a new species from Yunnan, southwest China.

, a new species of the subfamily Papilionoideae of Fabaceae, is described and illustrated from Yunnan, southwest China. The new species is characterised by having a prostrate habit, flexible stems and branches, as well as spreading, sub-basifixed, asymmetrically 2-branched trichomes covering the entire plant, discoid calyx, and racemose inflorescences 6-8-flowered, short, 1-2 (-3.5) cm in length, apparently shorter than the leaf.

Surviving at the highest and coldest: Nutritional and chemical components of fallback foods for Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.

Fallback foods (FBF), categorized into staple and filler types, are suboptimal food sources chosen by animals in response to a scarcity of preferred food items during specific periods. Using lichens as FBF by Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys () represents a distinctive ecological adaptation and evolutionary development within nonhuman primates. This study delves into the annual dietary choices of the species to address issues, elucidate the nutritional value, and understand the ecological significance of lichens for this primate species, which resides at the highest altitudes and experiences the coldest weather among global primates.

Species diversity and taxonomy of (Russulales, Basidiomycota) with descriptions of six species from Southwestern China.

is a species-rich genus in the family Peniophoraceae and has been shown to be polyphyletic. In this study, sequences of ITS and LSU rRNA markers of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. Seventeen lineages including six new species from China, i.

Two new ant species of the genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Hainan, China, with a key to the known Chinese species.

Two new species of ponerine ants from Hainan Province, China, and , are delineated and depicted based on the worker caste. belongs to the species group, with mandibles elongate, slender and curved, lacking a distinct masticatory margin. On the other hand, belongs to the species group, distinguished by its square head, smooth body, mandibles with a dentate masticatory margin, and short antennae.

Three cases of collared owlet depredation on the green-backed tit within nest boxes.

The main cause of the reproductive failure of cavity-nesting birds is nest predation, even though cavity nests protect from numerous predators. To study the breeding biology of the green-backed tit () and to promote the reproduction of some other avian cavity breeders, we placed 245 nest boxes in the Zixi Mountain, southwest China. We collected breeding data by regularly checking the artificial nest boxes, three cases of green-backed tits being predated by collared owlet () were confirmed by the video recordings.

New species of (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales, Hymenochaetaceae) from India, with a key to Afro-Asian Tropicoporus species.

The complex, predominantly reported from East Asia, Mesoamerica and Caribbean countries, was circumscribed into as one of the new genera, based on morphological and phylogenetic data. The present paper describes four new species of from India. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, based on ITS and nLSU data, delimited the new species, which are named , , and .

Identification and phylogenetic analysis in (Aves, Passeriformes, Leiothrichidae) based on complete mitogenome.

The Black-throated Laughingthrush () is a bird belonging to the order Passeriformes and the family Leiothrichidae, and is found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. was once classified as belonging to the genus . However, recent research has reclassified it in the genus .

Expansion and contraction of lake basin shape the genetic structure of (Osteichthyes: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) populations in Central Yunnan, China.

Geological events can strongly affect the genetic structures and differentiation of fish populations. Especially, as an endemic fish of the genus in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the effects of key geological events on the distributions and genetic structures remain poorly understood. Examining the phylogeographic patterns of fishes can be useful for elucidating the spatio-temporal dynamics of their population size, dispersal history and extent of geographical isolation, thereby providing a theoretical basis for their protection.

Morphological diversity and altitudinal differentiation of species.

The morphological characteristics of birds are an important tool for studying their adaptation and evolution. The morphological evolution of a clade is not only constrained by the phylogenetic relationship, but also influenced by ecological factors and interspecific competition. is a group of small nectar-eating birds with obvious sexual dimorphism.

Population structure and phylogeography of three closely related tree peonies.

, , and are three closely related species of Sect. is distributed in the montane area of the Eastern Hengduan Mountain region. Understanding the population history of these three tree peony species could contribute to unraveling the evolutionary patterns of undergrowth species in this hotspot area.

sp. nov. (Polyporales, Polyporaceae) from Southwest China.

Background: is a white-rot fungus with a cosmopolitan distribution and includes several economically important species. This genus has been extensively researched due to its beneficial medicinal properties and chemical constituents with potential nutritional and therapeutic values. Traditionally, species of were identified solely based on morphology; however, recent molecular studies revealed that many morphology-based species are conspecific.

A new species of the ant species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae) from continental Asia.

The species group is reviewed and three species, including one new species, , are recognized. This species group is distinguished from the species group by the reddish-brown body, the elliptical shape of the propodeal spiracle, the elongate antennal scape, and the distinctly narrowed posteriad space between frontal carinae. , from Thailand and China, is described based on the worker caste.

Impacts of climate change on species distribution patterns of sweet in China.

Climate change is an important driver of species distribution and biodiversity. Understanding the response of plants to climate change is helpful to understand species differentiation and formulate conservation strategies. The genus (Theaceae) has an ancient origin and is widely distributed in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests.