A novel mouse model of postpartum depression using emotional stress as evaluated by nesting behavior.

Postpartum depression is an important mental health issue not only for the mother but also for the child's development, other family members, and the society. An appropriate animal model is desired to elucidate the pathogenesis of postpartum depression. However, methods for stress loading during pregnancy have not been established.

Clinical Impact of Primary Tumor Site in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: A Statewide Cohort Study.

Background/aim: We investigated the clinical impact of the primary tumor site in stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC).

Patients And Methods: In this statewide multicenter retrospective cohort, patients with stage IV CRC from nine hospital-based cancer registries across the Fukushima Prefecture (2008-2015) were categorized based on three primary tumor sites: right colon cancer (RCC), left colon cancer (LCC), and rectal cancer. Overall survival was assessed using Cox regression analysis.

Dietary syringic acid reduces fat mass in an ovariectomy-induced mouse model of obesity.

Objective: Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Therefore, the chemoprevention of postmenopausal changes in health via dietary supplements is important. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound present in the fruit of the assai palm, Euterpe oleracea, and in the mycelium of the shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes.

Effects of an Adenosine A Receptor Antagonist on Striatal Dopamine D2-Type Receptor Availability: A Randomized Control Study Using Positron Emission Tomography.

Altered dopaminergic neurotransmission, especially in the functioning of dopamine D2-type receptors, is considered central to the etiology of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. In particular, individuals with substance use disorders have been consistently observed to exhibit lower D2-type receptor availability (quantified as binding potential; BP) using positron emission tomography (PET). Upregulation of D2-type receptor density thus may therefore provide a therapeutic effect for substance use disorders.

Test-retest reproducibility of cerebral adenosine A receptor quantification using [C]preladenant.

Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of cerebral adenosine A receptor (AR) quantification using [C]preladenant ([C]PLN) and PET in a test-retest study.

Methods: Eight healthy male volunteers were enrolled. Dynamic 90 min PET scans were performed twice at the same time of the day to avoid the effect of diurnal variation.

Single-subject gray matter networks in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis.

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated structural brain network abnormalities in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using cortical thickness or gray matter (GM) volume. However, no studies have applied single-subject GM network analysis. Here, we first applied an analysis of similarity-based single-subject GM networks to individual patients with TLE.

Eculizumab monotherapy for NMOSD: Data from PREVENT and its open-label extension.

During PREVENT (a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, time-to-event study) and its open-label extension (interim analysis), 33 adults with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-IgG + NMOSD) received eculizumab monotherapy for a median of 2.8 years (range, 14 weeks-5.2 years).

Accurate lateralization and classification of MRI-negative 18F-FDG-PET-positive temporal lobe epilepsy using double inversion recovery and machine-learning.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the ability of double inversion recovery (DIR) data coupled with machine-learning algorithms to distinguish normal individuals from epileptic subjects and to identify the laterality of the focus side in MRI-negative, PET-positive temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients.

Materials And Methods: We used whole-brain DIR data as the input features with which to train a linear support-vector machine model in 63 participants who underwent high-resolution structural MRI and DIR scans. The subjects included 20 left TLE patients, 19 right TLE patients, and 24 healthy controls (HCs).

A Ruptured Spetzler and Martin Grade V Arteriovenous Malformation in a Child Treated With Radiotherapy Followed by Embolization: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Treatment of ruptured high-grade Spetzler-Martin (S&M) arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary treatment approach. Here, we report a case of ruptured giant callosal Grade V AVM in a child initially treated with stereotactic radiotherapy followed by endovascular embolization with Onyx; a management approach recently described in a few reports on the "postradiosurgical embolization" method. Complete obliteration was achieved 20 months after stereotactic radiotherapy and embolization.

Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently identified autoimmune disorder that presents in both adults and children as CNS demyelination. Although there are clinical phenotypic overlaps between MOGAD, multiple sclerosis, and aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) cumulative biological, clinical, and pathological evidence discriminates between these conditions. Patients should not be diagnosed with multiple sclerosis or NMOSD if they have anti-MOG antibodies in their serum.

A neuropathological cell model derived from Niemann-Pick disease type C patient-specific iPSCs shows disruption of the p62/SQSTM1-KEAP1-NRF2 Axis and impaired formation of neuronal networks.

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by a recessive mutation in the or gene, in which patients exhibit lysosomal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycolipids. Most of the research on NPC has been done in patient-derived skin fibroblasts or mouse models. Therefore, we developed NPC patient neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to investigate the neuropathological cause of the disease.

Residual periodontal pocket treatment with Er:YAG laser-assisted comprehensive periodontal pocket therapy: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Recently, the application of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser has been increasing in periodontal therapy. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a novel pocket therapy using Er:YAG laser in combination with conventional mechanical scaling and root planing treatment (Er:YAG laser-assisted comprehensive periodontal pocket therapy).

Methods: Forty sites in 29 elderly patients having residual periodontal pockets of ≥ 5 mm depth were treated by curette and Er:YAG laser from 2006 to 2009.

Association between periodontal inflammation and serum lipid profile in a healthy population: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: The impact of periodontal inflammation on lipid metabolism is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between full-mouth periodontal inflammation and serum lipid levels.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we performed periodontal and bacteriological examinations during medical checkup on 131 subjects.

The additional diagnostic impact of positron emission tomography-computed tomography for lymph node metastasis from colorectal cancer: A prospective lymph node level analysis.

Background: We conducted a prospective study to determine the diagnostic performance of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) for lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: We enrolled patients scheduled to receive curative surgery with lymph node dissection for colorectal adenocarcinoma who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT and PET-CT before surgery and who had primary lesions of cT2 or deeper. A radiologist determined the fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and the standardized uptake value (SUV) and metabolic volume (MV) to diagnose metastasis in cases with enlarged lymph nodes (≥7 mm long in minor diameter) on contrast-enhanced CT.

Patient-reported burden of symptoms in neuromyelitis optica: A secondary analysis on pain and quality of life.

Introduction: Relapses of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) result in cumulative neurologic disabilities, are unpredictable, and are interspersed with remissions. Pain in NMOSD is often severe and intractable, with a significant impact on patient quality of life (QoL). We performed a more detailed analysis of previously published survey data on the association of pain and QoL, comparing patients who were seropositive and seronegative for antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG).

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among hospital staff in rural Central Fukushima, Japan: A historical cohort study.

Performing a cohort-based SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay is crucial for understanding infection status and future decision-making. The objective of this study was to examine consecutive antibody seroprevalence changes among hospital staff, a high-risk population. A two-time survey was performed in May and October 2020 for 545 hospital staff to investigate the changes in the results of the rapid kit test and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA).

Impact of Primary Tumor Resection on Mortality in Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Cancer with Unresectable Metastases: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Primary tumor resection (PTR) before commencing systemic chemotherapy in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and unresectable metastases (mCRC) remains controversial. This study aimed to assess whether PTR before systemic chemotherapy is associated with mortality in mCRC patients, after adjusting for confounding factors, such as the severity of the primary tumor and metastatic lesions.

Methods: We analyzed hospital-based cancer registries from nine designated cancer hospitals in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

Accelerator-based BNCT for patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a multicenter phase II study.

Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) utilizes tumor-selective particle radiation. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of accelerator-based BNCT (AB-BNCT) using a cyclotron-based neutron generator (BNCT 30) and B-boronophenylalanine (SPM-011) in patients with recurrent malignant glioma (MG) (primarily glioblastoma [GB]).

Methods: This multi-institutional, open-label, phase II clinical trial involved 27 recurrent MG cases, including 24 GB cases, who were enrolled from February 2016 to June 2018.

Benefit of intensive chemotherapy for elderly patients aged 80 years or older with metastatic colorectal cancer: a state-wide multicenter cohort study.

Background: It remains unclear whether intensive chemotherapy for Stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) patients aged 80 years or older is beneficial prognostically. This study aimed to investigate the overall survival of Stage IV CRC patients aged ≥ 80 years receiving intensive chemotherapy.

Methods: The study design was a population-based, multicenter, historical cohort study.

Voxel-based correlation of F-THK5351 accumulation with gray matter structural networks in cognitively normal older adults.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate tau-related structural network metrics derived from gray matter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in cognitively normal (CN) older adults.

Methods: We recruited 47 amyloid-negative CN older adults (mean age ± standard deviation, 65.0 ± 7.

Abnormal DNA methylation in pluripotent stem cells from a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome results in neuronal differentiation defects.

DNA methylation is a common method of gene expression regulation, and this form of regulation occurs in the neurodevelopmental disorder Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Gene expression regulation via methylation is important for humans, although there is little understanding of the role of methylation in neuronal differentiation. We characterized the cellular differentiation potential of iPS cells derived from a patient with PWS with abnormal methylation (M-iPWS cells).

Association of periodontal pocket area with type 2 diabetes and obesity: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The aim was to investigate the relationship of full-mouth inflammatory parameters of periodontal disease with diabetes and obesity.

Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted diabetes-related examinations and calculated periodontal inflamed and epithelial surface area (PISA and PESA) of 71 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations between PISA or PESA and diabetes and obesity parameters.

Porphyromonas gingivalis, the most influential pathogen in red-complex bacteria: A cross-sectional study on the relationship between bacterial count and clinical periodontal status in Japan.

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key pathogen in microbiota associated with periodontitis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association between salivary counts of red-complex bacteria and clinical periodontal status in a Japanese population.

Methods: A total of 977 subjects who visited a general dental clinic in Japan from 2003 to 2006 were enrolled in the study.