Characteristics of patients with undiagnosed stage 3 chronic kidney disease: results from an observational study (REVEAL-CKD) in China.

Background: Early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is crucial for timely intervention to delay disease progression and improve patient outcomes. However, data for clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with undiagnosed, early-stage CKD are lacking.

Methods: REVEAL-CKD is a multinational, observational study using real-world data in selected countries to describe factors associated with undiagnosed stage 3 CKD, time to diagnosis, and CKD management post diagnosis.

Advances in prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted theranostics: from radionuclides to near-infrared fluorescence technology.

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) is a highly expressed and structurally unique target specific to prostate cancer (PCa). Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in nuclear medicine, coupling PSMA ligands with radionuclides, have shown significant clinical success. PSMA-PET/CT effectively identifies tumors and metastatic lymph nodes for imaging purposes, while -PSMA-617 (Pluvicto) has received FDA approval for treating metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC).

Lactate-induced protein lactylation in cancer: functions, biomarkers and immunotherapy strategies.

Lactate, long viewed as a byproduct of glycolysis and metabolic waste. Initially identified within the context of yogurt fermentation, lactate's role extends beyond culinary applications to its significance in biochemical processes. Contemporary research reveals that lactate functions not merely as the terminal product of glycolysis but also as a nexus for initiating physiological and pathological responses within the body.

Prognosis prediction of α-FAtE score for locoregional immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: The α-FAtE score, composed of alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, and eosinophil levels, has been reported as a predictor of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of α-FAtE score for the efficacy and safety of locoregional immunotherapy as the treatment of HCC patients.

Methods And Patients: We conducted a retrospective study of 446 HCC patients at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1 2019 to January 1 2023.

Expression profiling of circular RNAs in sepsis-induced acute gastrointestinal injury: insights into potential biomarkers and mechanisms.

This study aimed to investigate the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in sepsis-induced acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI), focusing on their potential as biomarkers and their involvement in disease progression. Peripheral blood samples from 14 patients with sepsis-induced AGI and healthy volunteers were collected. RNA sequencing was performed to profile circRNA and miRNA expression.

Overweight and glucose/lipid metabolism abnormality associated with SSRIs: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: In the past few decades, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) became widely used antidepressants worldwide. Therefore, the adverse reactions of patients after SSRI administration became a public and clinical concern. In this study, we conducted a pharmacovigilance study using the Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database of the US Food and Drug Administration.

Tumor-Stroma Ratio is a Critical Indicator of Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancer.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) and peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC) and constructs a diagnostic model based on preoperative examination data.

Methods: To determine the feasibility of obtaining TSR in GC patients through preoperative examinations, the consistency of TSR between endoscopic biopsy tissues and postoperative histopathological tissues was evaluated. Additionally, the correlation between TSR and PM in GC was analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets.

New taxa of butterflies supported by genomic analysis.

Continuing with the genomic analysis of butterflies, we present a taxonomic update. As a result of this work, 3 genera, 6 subgenera, 16 species, and 2 subspecies are described as new. New genera and subgenera are (type species in parenthesis): Grishin, ( W.

Prognostic Value of the Tricuspid Regurgitation Impact on Outcomes (TRIO) Score in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Background: Prognosis assessments for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients remain challenging, particularly as the indications for TAVI expand to lower-risk patients. This study assessed the prognostic value of the tricuspid regurgitation impact on outcomes (TRIO) score in patients after TAVI.

Methods: This single-center study included 530 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI.

Interaction between 24 h Urinary Free Cortisol and Obesity in Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage in Patients with Untreated Hypertension.

Background: Given the close relationship between excessive cortisol secretion and obesity, as well as their intimate associations with cardiometabolic sequelae, this study aimed to evaluate whether elevated cortisol levels and obesity are independently and potentially interactively related to hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) in patients with untreated hypertension.

Methods: A total of 936 untreated hypertensive patients were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), 24-hour urinary free cortisol (24 h UFC), and HMOD indicators, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and albuminuria, were assessed.

Cardiovascular Disease and Other Competing Causes of Death in Older Kidney Cancer Patients.

Background: To study the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other competing causes of death in older kidney cancer patients.

Methods: Data on older patients (aged 65 and above) diagnosed with kidney cancer between 1975 and 2018 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We delved into the distribution of CVD and other competing causes of death across the entire cohort and in various patient subgroups.

Portable six-channel laser speckle system for simultaneous measurement of cerebral blood flow and volume with potential applications in characterization of brain injury.

Significance: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) are key metrics for regional cerebrovascular monitoring. Simultaneous, non-invasive measurement of CBF and CBV at different brain locations would advance cerebrovascular monitoring and pave the way for brain injury detection as current brain injury diagnostic methods are often constrained by high costs, limited sensitivity, and reliance on subjective symptom reporting.

Aim: We aim to develop a multi-channel non-invasive optical system for measuring CBF and CBV at different regions of the brain simultaneously with a cost-effective, reliable, and scalable system capable of detecting potential differences in CBF and CBV across different regions of the brain.

Sociodemographic Factors and Awareness of Consanguineous Marriages in Rural Northern Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Consanguineous marriages, defined as unions between closely related individuals, are influenced by a complex interplay of cultural, social, economic, religious, and demographic factors. These marriages are prevalent among communities such as Hindus, Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, Christians, and Parsis in Southern and Western Asia, with significant regional variations within India. There is a lack of appropriate decision-making among women in consanguineous unions, particularly those with a low level of educational attainment, which leads to an increase in the prevalence of consanguineous marriages.

Stay in the Game: Comprehensive Approaches to Decrease the Risk of Sports Injuries.

Recurrent sports injuries present complex challenges that extend beyond the playing field, impacting athletes' physical well-being, mental resilience, and financial stability. This review outlines a comprehensive framework designed to prevent and manage these setbacks, empowering athletes to achieve sustained performance and recovery. This multidimensional issue requires an integrative approach encompassing physical rehabilitation, psychological resilience, and nutritional strategies.

Assessment of Contributing Risk Factors Leading to Heart Failure in Patients Who Are Methamphetamine Users.

Background: Methamphetamine abuse is a public health problem across the world, and the cardiovascular system experiences a significant effect on the myocardium over time. Methamphetamine is a common cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The prevalence and risk factors for HFpEF and HFrEF in this patient population remain unclear.

Factors related to mean corpuscular volume in p.C282Y homozygotes.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to define the relationships between factors other than transferrin saturation (TS) to mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and macrocytosis (MCV > 100 fL) in p.C282Y (rs1800562) homozygotes.

Methods: We studied white post-screening participants with p.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): from mechanistic insights to therapeutic strategies.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome of acute hypoxic respiratory failure caused by diffuse lung inflammation and edema. ARDS can be precipitated by intrapulmonary factors or extrapulmonary factors, which can lead to severe hypoxemia. Patients suffering from ARDS have high mortality rates, including a 28-day mortality rate of 34.

Mobilization of subcutaneous fascia contributes to the vascularization and function of acellular adipose matrix via formation of vascular matrix complex.

Regenerative biomaterials are commonly used for soft-tissue repair in both pre-clinical and clinical settings, but their effectiveness is often limited by poor regenerative outcomes and volume loss. Efficient vascularization is crucial for the long-term survival and function of these biomaterials in vivo. Despite numerous pro-vascularization strategies developed over the past decades, the fundamental mechanisms of vascularization in regenerative biomaterials remain largely unexplored.

A Pair of Fluorescent Probes Enabling Precise Diagnosis of Liver Cancer by Complementary Imaging.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is by far the predominant malignant liver cancer, with both high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and surgical resections are imperative for improving the survival of HCC patients. However, limited by clinical diagnosis methods, it is difficult to accurately distinguish tumor tissue and its boundaries in the early stages of cancer.

A nomogram for predicting bladder dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.

Background: Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is a common urinary complication in diabetic patients, significantly affecting their overall well-being and quality of life, and placing a considerable burden on healthcare resources. Early prevention is crucial; however, the absence of a simple and effective tool to predict DBD onset remains a significant challenge. This study aims to identify risk factors for DBD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to develop a predictive nomogram for clinical application.

Hypophysectomy, pituitary neuroadenolysis and pituitary radiosurgery for the treatment of refractory cancer pain: a historical review and mechanism investigation.

Refractory cancer pain affects 10-20% of patients with advanced malignancies and is not adequately controlled by opioids. The intrathecal therapy is an effective interventional procedure for referral, but the implanted infusion pumps are costly and the refilling requires technical expertise. Hypophysectomy, in its three stages-surgical, chemical, and radiosurgical-has emerged as an alternative for managing this pain.

The strategy to control the outbreak of an emerging respiratory infectious disease in a simulated Chinese megacity.

Objectives: The emergence of respiratory infectious diseases (ERID) poses a significant threat to global public health. However, effectively managing ERID outbreaks in large cities remains a challenge.

Methods: An age-structured Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model was developed to predict the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in controlling ERID outbreaks.

Transesophageal-echocardiography-guided one-stage TAVR + M-TEER credibly treated patients with severe double valve regurgitation: a case report.

Background: There are few reports about the one-stage surgery of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) + mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) around the world. TAVR + M-TEER surgery is usually performed under the simultaneous guidance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and echocardiography. There is no report of TAVR surgery assisted only by echocardiography all over the world.

Global hotspots and trends on environmental exposure and cardiovascular disease from 1999 to 2022.

Background: The increasing risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with worsening environmental exposure is a critical health concern garnering global research attention.

Aim: To systematically assess the scope and characteristics of research on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD.

Methods: A thorough examination of publications on the relationship between environmental exposure and CVD from 1999 to 2022 was carried out by extensively screening the literature using the Web of Science Core Collection.