Decreased Duration of Hospital Stays in Uncomplicated Diverticulitis With Initiation of Enteral Feeds Within 24 Hours.

Diverticulitis is a complication of a mostly benign condition called diverticulosis. Diverticulitis is a common illness that medical staff see in emergency departments and hospital inpatient services. The thought process behind this study was looking at the treatment of other diseases like pancreatitis or other critical illnesses and the data supporting timing of feeds.

Think With Your Gut: A Retrospective Analysis on the Effects of Chronic Gastrointestinal Illness and Psychiatric Comorbidities.

Background: As mental health awareness increases, healthcare professionals must understand the interplay between chronic gastrointestinal (GI) conditions and psychological well-being, particularly regarding healthcare utilization. This study uniquely aggregates various chronic GI disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and eosinophilic esophagitis, to examine their impact on depression and anxiety.

Methods: Utilizing a retrospective observational design, we analyzed data from 34,876 patients admitted to HCA national hospitals from January 2016 to December 2022.

Evaluating the Impact of Phosphatidylethanol Testing on Hospital Outcomes.

Background: Alcohol dependence remains a significant global health issue, exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a direct biomarker of recent alcohol consumption, offers improved specificity, sensitivity, and a longer detection window of 2 - 4 weeks compared to traditional biomarkers. This study evaluates the association between PEth testing and hospital outcomes in hospitalized patients by comparing outcomes among patients with positive PEth and negative PEth test results.

Expert consensus on the management of pharmacodynamic breakthrough-hemolysis in treated paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Introduction: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired, non-malignant hematologic disease characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis (with or without hemoglobinuria), fatigue, increased susceptibility to thrombosis, and bone marrow dysfunction. The development of complement inhibitors has transformed outcomes for patients with PNH, but patients may still experience pharmacodynamic breakthrough hemolysis (BTH), which can be caused by exposure to a complement amplifying condition (CAC), such as vaccination, infection, or surgery.

Materials And Methods: A 13-member expert panel used a validated methodology (a RAND/UCLA modified Delphi panel) to develop consensus on how to classify pharmacodynamic BTH in patients with complement-inhibitor treated PNH.

Unrecognized Provider Burden During Hospital EMR Introduction.

Introduction: The introduction of-or the transition to-a new electronic health record system (EHR) places an unrecognized burden on health care providers in our ever-changing health care environment of increased mandates, increased overhead, and reduced reimbursement to practice medicine.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to track the non-reimbursed time investment required for 6 providers from an independent spine surgery practice after a hospital system independently decided to transition to a new EHR system.

Results: Between the 6 providers of the practice, 266 hours of required classroom time, in-person training, and video and phone call teaching sessions had to be completed to become "proficient" so that clinical utilization of the system for in-patient care was certified by the hospital trainers and the EHR company.

Fostering healthy cognitive ageing in people living with HIV.

Prevalence and incidence of HIV among people aged 50 years and older continue to rise worldwide, generating increasing awareness among care providers, scientists, and the HIV community about the importance of brain health in older adults with HIV. Many age-related factors that adversely affect brain health can occur earlier and more often among people with HIV, including epigenetic ageing, chronic medical conditions (eg, cardiovascular disease), and age-related syndromes (eg, frailty). Extensive dialogue between HIV community leaders, health-care providers, and scientists has led to the development of a multidimensional response strategy to protect and enhance brain health in people ageing with HIV that spans across public health, clinical spaces, and research spaces.

Nepal Family Cohort study: a study protocol.

Introduction: The Nepal Family Cohort study uses a life course epidemiological approach to collect comprehensive data on children's and their parents' environmental, behavioural and metabolic risk factors. These factors can affect the overall development of children to adulthood and the onset of specific diseases. Among the many risk factors, exposure to air pollution and lifestyle factors during childhood may impact lung development and function, leading to the early onset of respiratory diseases.

A PSA SNP associates with cellular function and clinical outcome in men with prostate cancer.

Genetic variation at the 19q13.3 KLK locus is linked with prostate cancer susceptibility in men. The non-synonymous KLK3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17632542 (c.

Nurse-led framework to improve the safety and quality of residential aged care (HIRAID® Aged Care): protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: The health issues experienced by older people can often be severe and complex, and an increasing number are using residential aged care services to meet their care needs. High-quality nursing care is fundamental to the health and safety of aged care residents and is contingent on nurses' accurate assessment, informed decision-making, and delivery of timely interventions. However, the role of the aged care nurse is often challenging, impeded by factors such as understaffing, high workloads, and a lack of access to clinical infrastructure and resources.

Artificial Intelligence-based Software for Breast Arterial Calcification Detection on Mammograms.

Objective: The performance of a commercially available artificial intelligence (AI)-based software that detects breast arterial calcifications (BACs) on mammograms is presented.

Methods: This retrospective study was exempt from IRB approval and adhered to the HIPAA regulations. Breast arterial calcification detection using AI was assessed in 253 patients who underwent 314 digital mammography (DM) examinations and 143 patients who underwent 277 digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) examinations between October 2004 and September 2022.

Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis Due to Rupture of Underlying Anomalous Duplicated Cystic Arteries.

Hemorrhagic cholecystitis (HC) is a rare complication that can become rapidly fatal. Patients may present with hematemesis or melena, in addition to other common symptoms of acute cholecystitis. Delay in diagnosing HC postpones early intervention, and patients can quickly decompensate.

Perspectives on a peer-driven intervention to promote pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among men who have sex with men in southern New England: a qualitative study.

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective pharmaceutical intervention that prevents HIV infection, but PrEP uptake across the US has been slow among men who have sex with men (MSM), especially among Black/African American (B/AA) and Hispanic /Latino (H/L) MSM. This study investigates the acceptability and essential components of a peer-driven intervention (PDI) for promoting PrEP uptake among MSM, with a specific focus on B/AA and H/L communities.

Methods: We conducted 28 semi-structured, qualitative interviews with MSM in southern New England to explore the components of a PDI, including attitudes, content, and effective communication methods.

Cluster effect for SNP-SNP interaction pairs for predicting complex traits.

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) interactions are the key to improving polygenic risk scores. Previous studies reported several significant SNP-SNP interaction pairs that shared a common SNP to form a cluster, but some identified pairs might be false positives. This study aims to identify factors associated with the cluster effect of false positivity and develop strategies to enhance the accuracy of SNP-SNP interactions.

Air pollution amyloidogenesis is attenuated by the gamma-secretase modulator GSM-15606.

Introduction: Chronic air pollution (AirPoll) is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Correspondingly, wild-type and AD-transgenic rodents exposed to AirPoll have increased amyloid peptides and behavioral impairments.

Methods: We examined the γ-secretase modulator GSM-15606 for potential AirPoll protection by its attenuating of amyloid beta (Aβ)42 peptide production.

Associations of proton pump inhibitors with susceptibility to influenza, pneumonia, and COVID-19: Evidence from a large population-based cohort study.

Background: Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have raised wide concerns. The association of PPIs with influenza is unexplored, while that with pneumonia or COVID-19 remains controversial. Our study aims to evaluate whether PPI use increases the risks of these respiratory infections.

The Biting Colon: An Unfortunate Nightmare for a Healthy but Anxious Patient.

A 48-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented to the emergency department with an uncommon scenario after accidentally ingesting a three-unit dental bridge, leading to its impaction within the lower gastrointestinal tract. Despite initial conservative management with laxatives aimed at facilitating spontaneous passage, the foreign body remained lodged in the colon. Subsequently, the patient underwent endoscopic intervention via colonoscopy, during which the dental bridge was successfully extracted.

The mediating effect of blood biomarkers in the associations between inflammatory bowel disease and incident psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite the growing evidence of an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psychiatric disorders, there has been limited research exploring the underlying mediating role of blood biomarkers on the gut-brain axis. This study aimed to examine the association between IBD and the risk of incident psychiatric disorders and investigate whether and how blood biomarkers mediate this association.

Methods: This prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank included participants without psychiatric diagnoses at baseline.

Current and future environmental suitability for bats hosting potential zoonotic pathogens in rural Kenya.

Synanthropic bats live in close proximity to humans and domestic animals, creating opportunities for potential pathogen spillover. We explored environmental correlates of occurrence for a widely distributed synanthropic African bat, a species associated with potential zoonotic virusesand estimated current and future environmental suitability in the Taita Hills region and surrounding plains in Taita-Taveta County in southeast Kenya. To project future environmental suitability, we used four Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 general circulation models that capture temperature and precipitation changes for East Africa.