Diagnosis and Treatment of Tethered Spinal Cord: A Systematic Review.

Context: Tethered cord syndrome is associated with motor and sensory deficits.

Objective: Our objective was to summarize evidence regarding the diagnosis, prophylactic surgery, symptomatic treatment, and repeat surgery of tethered spinal cord in a systematic review (CRD42023461296).

Data Sources And Study Selection: We searched 13 databases, reference-mined reviews, and contacted authors to identify diagnostic accuracy studies and treatment studies published until March 2024.

Tools for the Diagnosis of ADHD in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Context: Correct diagnosis is essential for the appropriate clinical management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents.

Objective: This systematic review provides an overview of the available diagnostic tools.

Data Sources: We identified diagnostic accuracy studies in 12 databases published from 1980 through June 2023.

Treatments for ADHD in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Context: Effective treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is essential to improving youth outcomes.

Objectives: This systematic review provides an overview of the available treatment options.

Data Sources: We identified controlled treatment evaluations in 12 databases published from 1980 to June 2023; treatments were not restricted by intervention content.

Caring for high-need patients.

Objective: We aimed to explore the construct of "high need" and identify common need domains among high-need patients, their care professionals, and healthcare organizations; and to describe the interventions that health care systems use to address these needs, including exploring the potential unintended consequences of interventions.

Methods: We conducted a modified Delphi panel informed by an environmental scan. Expert stakeholders included patients, interdisciplinary healthcare practitioners (physicians, social workers, peer navigators), implementation scientists, and policy makers.

Multiple chemical sensitivity scoping review protocol: overview of research and MCS construct.

Introduction: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) has been characterised by reported adverse responses to environmental exposures of common chemical agents (eg, perfumes, paint, cleaning products and other inhaled or ingested agents) in low doses considered non-toxic for the general population. There is currently no consensus on whether MCS can be established as a distinct disorder.

Methods And Analysis: The scoping review of the literature will be guided by five questions: How is MCS defined and which diagnostic criteria have been proposed? What methods are used to report prevalence and incidence estimates of MCS? What are the characteristics of the body of scientific evidence that addresses whether MCS is a distinct disorder or syndrome? What underlying mechanisms for MCS have been proposed in the scientific literature? Which treatment and management approaches for MCS have been evaluated in empirical research studies? We will conduct a comprehensive search in 14 research databases.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for vascular surgery: an evidence map and scoping review.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) interventions aim to improve patient outcomes. Vascular surgery patients have unique requirements and it is unclear which ERAS interventions are supported by an evidence base.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review to identify ERAS randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the biomedical or nursing literature.

Disparities in pediatric cancer survivorship care: A systematic review.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) experience many long-term health problems that can be mitigated with recommended survivorship care. However, many CCS do not have access to survivorship care nor receive recommended survivorship care. We reviewed the empirical evidence of disparities in survivorship care for CCS.

Systematic review and quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis of interventions to address HIV-related stigma and discrimination.

A strong global commitment exists to eliminate HIV-related stigma and discrimination, and multiple strategies to reduce or eliminate stigma and discrimination have been tried. Using a PICOTS framework and applying the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, we undertook a systematic review to determine the success of interventions aiming to address internalized stigma, stigma and discrimination in healthcare, and at the legal or policy level, and to identify their critical success factors. Random effects meta-analyses summarized results wherever possible.

Care coordination across healthcare systems: development of a research agenda, implications for practice, and recommendations for policy based on a modified Delphi panel.

Objective: For large, integrated healthcare delivery systems, coordinating patient care across delivery systems with providers external to the system presents challenges. We explored the domains and requirements for care coordination by professionals across healthcare systems and developed an agenda for research, practice and policy.

Design: The modified Delphi approach convened a 2-day stakeholder panel with moderated virtual discussions, preceded and followed by online surveys.

Long-term response to autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an effective treatment approach for patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL). However, identifying the factors that influence long-term response to this therapy is necessary to optimize patient selection and treatment allocation. We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the use of autologous anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy in both pediatric and adult patients with R/R B-ALL, using several databases including MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Journals@Ovid, Embase, and clinicaltrial.

The integration of primary care and childhood cancer survivorship care: a scoping review.

Purpose: This scoping review describes existing care models that integrate primary care and childhood cancer survivorship care, examines the effectiveness of these models, and characterizes barriers and facilitators to their integration.

Methods: A systematic search (PubMed®, CINAHL®, Embase®) was conducted to identify citations which were evaluated against inclusion criteria using the PICOTTS framework. The PRISMA-ScR extension for scoping reviews was used to report review findings (protocol https://osf.

Evidence-Based Quality Improvement: a Scoping Review of the Literature.

Background: Quality improvement (QI) initiatives often reflect approaches based on anecdotal evidence, but it is unclear how initiatives can best incorporate scientific literature and methods into the QI process. Review of studies of QI initiatives that aim to systematically incorporate evidence review (termed evidence-based quality improvement (EBQI)) may provide a basis for further methodological development.

Methods: In this scoping review (registration: https://osf.

Predictors of burnout among US healthcare providers: a systematic review.

Objective: One potential barrier to optimal healthcare may be provider burnout or occupational-related stress in the workplace. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review to identify the predictors of burnout among US. healthcare providers.

Frameworks and measures for HIV-related internalized stigma, stigma and discrimination in healthcare and in laws and policies: a systematic review.

Introduction: There is strong global commitment to eliminate HIV-related stigma, and work in this area continues to evolve. Wide variation exists in frameworks and measures used.

Methods: Building on the existing knowledge syntheses, we carried out a systematic review to identify frameworks and measures aiming to understand or assess internalized stigma, stigma and discrimination in healthcare, and in law and policy.

Quality Indicators for High-Need Patients: a Systematic Review.

Background: Healthcare systems are increasingly implementing programs for high-need patients, who often have multiple chronic conditions and complex social situations. Little, however, is known about quality indicators that might guide healthcare organizations and providers in improving care for high-need patients. We sought to conduct a systematic review to identify potential quality indicators for high-need patients.

Frameworks, measures, and interventions for HIV-related internalised stigma and stigma in healthcare and laws and policies: systematic review protocol.

Introduction: There is strong global commitment to eliminate HIV-related stigma. Wide variation exists in frameworks and measures, and many strategies to prevent, reduce or mitigate stigma have been proposed but critical factors determining success or failure remain elusive.

Methods And Analysis: Building on existing knowledge syntheses, we designed a systematic review to identify frameworks, measures and intervention evaluations aiming to address internalised stigma, stigma and discrimination in healthcare, and stigma and discrimination at the legal or policy level.

An evidence map of treatments for infantile epilepsy.

Epilepsy prevalence is high among infants, but treatment guidelines are not clear. We conducted a scoping review of interventions to manage epilepsy in infants, and identified 37 studies. Most studies reported that interventions were effective (22 studies; 76 %), but randomized controlled trials were uncommon (7 studies; 19 %) and sample sizes were small (range: 2 to 284 participants; mean: 69.

Sleep management in posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can lead to many negative secondary outcomes for patients, including sleep disturbances. The objective of this meta-analysis is (1) to evaluate the effect of interventions for adults with PTSD on sleep outcomes, PTSD outcomes, and adverse events, and (2) to evaluate the differential effectiveness of interventions aiming to improve sleep compared to those that do not.

Methods: Nine databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PTSD from January 1980 to October 2019.

Scoping reviews: reinforcing and advancing the methodology and application.

Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to evidence synthesis with a growing suite of methodological guidance and resources to assist review authors with their planning, conduct and reporting. The latest guidance for scoping reviews includes the JBI methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews. This paper provides readers with a brief update regarding ongoing work to enhance and improve the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews as well as information regarding the future steps in scoping review methods development.

mHealth technologies used to capture walking and arm use behavior in adult stroke survivors: a scoping review beyond measurement properties.

Purpose: We aimed to provide a critical review of measurement properties of mHealth technologies used for stroke survivors to measure the amount and intensity of functional skills, and to identify facilitators and barriers toward adoption in research and clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, two independent reviewers determined eligibility and performed data extraction. We conducted an online consultation survey exercise with 37 experts.

Interventions to address disparities and barriers to pediatric cancer survivorship care: a scoping review.

Purpose: Many childhood cancer survivors experience disparities due to barriers to recommended survivorship care. With an aim to demonstrate evidence-based approaches to alleviate barriers and decrease disparities, we conducted a scoping review of (1) proposed strategies and (2) evaluated interventions for improving pediatric cancer survivorship care.

Methods: We searched research databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO), research registries, and grey literature (websites of professional organizations and guideline clearing houses) for guidelines and published studies available through October 2020 (scoping review registration: https://doi.

Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: This evidence report synthesizes the available evidence on radiation therapy for brain metastases.

Methods And Materials: The literature search included PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, clinicaltrials.gov, and published guidelines in July 2020; independently submitted data, expert consultation, and contacting authors.

Safety of vaccines used for routine immunization in the United States: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Understanding the safety of vaccines is critical to inform decisions about vaccination. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of the safety of vaccines recommended for children, adults, and pregnant women in the United States.

Methods: We searched the literature in November 2020 to update a 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality review by integrating newly available data.

Allocation of scarce resources in a pandemic: rapid systematic review update of strategies for policymakers.

Objective: In pandemics like COVID-19, the need for medical resources quickly outpaces available supply. policymakers need strategies to inform decisions about allocating scarce resources.

Study Design And Setting: We updated a systematic review on evidence-based approaches and searched databases through May 2020 for evaluation of strategies for policymakers.

Defining Access Management in Health Care Delivery Organizations.

Managing patient access to care in health care delivery organizations is instrumental in shaping patient experiences. We convened an inclusive stakeholder panel, informed by evidence, to understand the dimensions and establish definitions of access and access management. The literature varies in access definitions, but the temporal measure "time to third next available appointment" was consistently used as an indicator of access.