Quantitative analysis of the root posture of mutants with wavy roots.

Plant postures are affected by environmental stimuli. When the gravitational direction changes, the mutants () and () exhibit aberrantly enhanced organ bending. Whether their phenotypes are due to the same mechanism is unknown.

A viscoelastic-plastic deformation model of hemisphere-like tip growth in Arabidopsis zygotes.

Plant zygote cells exhibit tip growth, producing a hemisphere-like tip. To understand how this hemisphere-like tip shape is formed, we revisited a viscoelastic-plastic deformation model that enabled us to simultaneously evaluate the shape, stress and strain of Arabidopsis () zygote cells undergoing tip growth. Altering the spatial distribution of cell wall extensibility revealed that cosine-type distribution and growth in a normal direction to the surface create a stable hemisphere-like tip shape.

Genetic diversity within a tree and alternative indexes for different evolutionary effects.

Trees, living for centuries, accumulate somatic mutations in their growing trunks and branches, causing genetic divergence within a single tree. Stem cell lineages in a shoot apical meristem accumulate mutations independently and diverge from each other. In plants, somatic mutations can alter the genetic composition of reproductive organs and gametes, impacting future generations.

Getting it right: suppression and leveraging of noise in robust decision-making.

Noise is a ubiquitous feature for all organisms growing in nature. Noise (defined here as stochastic variation) in the availability of nutrients, water and light profoundly impacts their growth and development. Not only is noise present as an external factor but cellular processes themselves are noisy.

Molecular markers in cell cycle visualisation during development and stress conditions in .

Plant growth and development are tightly regulated by cell division, elongation, and differentiation. A visible plant phenotype at the tissue or organ level is coordinated at the cellular level. Among these cellular regulations (cell division, elongation and differentiation), cell division in plants follows the same universal mechanisms across kingdoms of life, and involves conserved cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase and cell cycle inhibitors).

Nf-Root: A Best-Practice Pipeline for Deep-Learning-Based Analysis of Apoplastic pH in Microscopy Images of Developmental Zones in Plant Root Tissue.

Hormonal mechanisms associated with cell elongation play a vital role in the development and growth of plants. Here, we report Nextflow-root (nf-root), a novel best-practice pipeline for deep-learning-based analysis of fluorescence microscopy images of plant root tissue from A. thaliana.

Severe atopic dermatitis treated with Dupilumab in a CTLA-4-deficient patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with immune dysregulation, particularly overexpression of T helper 2 cytokines. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 deficiency, a primary immune disorder, can exacerbate atopic dermatitis. Dupilumab, an IL-4 and IL-13 receptor antagonist, has demonstrated efficacy in controlling severe, recalcitrant atopic dermatitis by mitigating T helper 2-driven inflammation.

-polarized M2-like tumor-associated macrophages accelerate colorectal cancer development via IL-8 secretion.

(), a periodontal pathogen, has been implicated in the impairment of anti-tumor responses in colorectal cancer (CRC). The tumor microenvironment in CRC involves tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are pivotal in modulating tumor-associated immune responses. The polarization of TAMs towards an M2-like phenotype promotes CRC progression by suppressing the immune system.

GYY4137 protects against type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated myocardial autophagy by suppressing FOXO1 signal pathway.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but its effective prevention and treatment are still limited. We investigated the effects of GYY4137, a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide donor, and its downstream mediator forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) on T2DM-associated DCM. , T2DM mice were induced by a high-fat diet coupled with streptozotocin injection.

Protein hydrolysates from trigger cellular responses to cope with LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in L-929 cells.

Insect protein hydrolysates (PH) are emerging as valuable compounds with biological activity. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential cytoprotective effects of PH from the Black Soldier Fly (BPH, in the range 0.1-0.

controls wing developmental growth by targeting .

Tissue growth is controlled by various signaling pathways, such as the insulin/IGF-signaling (IIS) pathway. Although IIS activation is regulated by a complex regulatory network, the mechanism underlying miRNA-based regulation of the IIS pathway in wing development remains unclear. In this study, we found that the wing size of adult flies was negatively affected by miR-263b expression.

The anti-tumor effect of the IFNγ/Fas chimera expressed on CT26 tumor cells.

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is well-known for its ability to stimulate immune cells in response to pathogen infections and cancer. To develop an effective cancer therapeutic vaccine, CT26 colon carcinoma cells were genetically modified to express IFNγ either as a secreted form (sIFNγ) or as a membrane-bound form. For the membrane-bound expression, IFNγ was fused with Fas (mbIFNγ/Fas), incorporating the extracellular cysteine-rich domains, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains of Fas.

Citrus bliss: potassium, sodium, and calcium silicates secrets for post-harvest diseases of fruit defense.

Biotic stress significantly challenges the global citrus industry. Major post-harvest issues include diseases caused by , and . The negative impact of chemical fungicides on the environment and health necessitates eco-friendly alternatives.

Gastrocnemius muscle flap for coverage of knee defects in the injuries of popliteal artery: a clinical case report.

The use of the gastrocnemius muscle flap has become an excellent choice for coverage of Knee Defects. However, the surgical management of gastrocnemius muscle flap in the injuries of the popliteal artery remains a challenging therapeutic problem. The purpose of this manuscript is to present a case of a successful knee gastrocnemius flap in a patient with popliteal artery injuries.

Virtual reality boxing: impact of gaze-contingent blur on elite boxers performance and gaze behavior.

It is essential in combat sports such as boxing for athletes to perceive the relevant visual information that enables them to anticipate and respond to their opponent's attacking and defensive moves. Here, we used virtual reality (VR), which enables standardization and reproducibility while maintaining perception-action coupling, to assess the influence of a gaze-contingent blur on the visual processes that underpin these boxing behaviours. Eleven elite French boxers were placed in an immersive and adaptive first-person VR environment where they had to avoid by dodging one or two punches, and then counterattack to strike their opponent.

Developing the aquaticity level in healthy adolescents. A randomized control study.

Unlabelled: Aquaticity is an important parameter of human aquatic performance and behavior and can be objectively assessed by the aquaticity assessment test. Low aquaticity score can unveil a person's high risk in the water while it could dictate the specific characteristics that need to be addressed or developed for improving water competence.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess whether human aquaticity can be developed by systematic exercise and which type of training is more effective in improving aquaticity score.

Sorbent-Based Sampling With Two-Stage Trapping/Desorption Coupled to Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry for Terpenoids Profiling in Cannabis.

Cannabis inflorescences represent an important source of many high-value bioactive specialized metabolites, among which the family of terpenes or terpenoids that are the largest classes of natural products known. Besides their biological activities either alone or synergistic with other terpenoids and/or cannabinoids, they are responsible for their distinctive flavour. In this study, we exploited the separation power and identification capabilities of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS) for the profiling of terpenes and terpenoids in cannabis inflorescences.

Validation of an improved reference freeze-dried direct agglutination test for detecting leishmaniasis in the canine reservoir.

Proper identification and management of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and canine leishmaniasis (CanL) cases are among the prerequisites to the effective control of visceral leishmaniasis worldwide. Unlike PKDL, CanL still awaits effective improvement because of its cryptic nature, absence of parasites in lesions or lymph nodes and not complete sensitivity of some diagnostic tools in use. Because of the need for certain skills and equipment, both the liquid direct agglutination test and freeze-dried direct agglutination test (FD-DAT) versions are, in comparison with the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), practical and feasible diagnostic alternatives.

1-[(2-Chloro-phen-yl)di-phenyl-meth-yl]-1-pyrazole.

The title compound CHClN, also named as TRAM-34, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group 2/n. The dihedral angles between the pyrazole ring and the three six-membered rings are 62.28 (9), 69.

-2-{3-[1-(Acet-yloxy)eth-yl]-2,2-di-methyl-cyclobut-yl}acetic acid.

The title compound, CHO, was prepared from α-pinene in three steps. The ester and acid moieties are on the slightly folded cyclo-butane ring. In the crystal, carb-oxy-lic acid bound dimers form layers parallel to (202).

3-Iodo-aniline.

The title compound, CHIN, is the -iodinated derivative of aniline. The asymmetric unit contains two mol-ecules. The structure was refined as a two-component inversion twin with a volume ratio of 55.

3-(2-Hy-droxy-eth-yl)-1-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-1-benzo[]imidazol-3-ium bromide.

The cation of the title salt, CHNO ·Br, has a dihedral angle of 24.26 (6)° between its fused imidazole and 4-nitro-phenyl rings and the N-C-C-O torsion angle associated with the hy-droxy-ethyl substituent is 60.15 (17)°.

Poly[di-aqua-[μ-1,4-bis-(pyridin-3-ylmeth-yl)piperazine][μ-4-(2-carboxyl-atoeth-yl)benzoato]cobalt(II)].

A layered cobalt coordination polymer containing both 4-(2-carboxyl-atoeth-yl)benzoate (ceb) and 1,4-bis-(3-pyridyl-meth-yl)piperazine (3-bpmp) ligands, [Co(CHO)(CHN)(HO)] or [Co(ceb)(3-bpmp)(HO)] , was isolated and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Chain-like [Co(ceb)(HO)] units are oriented parallel to [101]. These are connected into (4,4)-grid coordination polymer layers by tethering 3-bpmp ligands.

Sn(SO)·2HO from synchrotron powder data.

Tin(IV) sulfate dihydrate, Sn(SO)·2HO, was prepared in a reflux of sulfuric acid under oxidizing conditions. Its crystal structure was determined from powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction data and is constructed of (100) layers of [SnO(HO)] octa-hedra (point group symmetry 1) corner-connected by sulfate tetra-hedra. Hydrogen bonds of moderate strength between the water mol-ecules and sulfate O atoms hold the layers together.

Ethyl 4-[(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)amino]-2-(4-meth-oxyphen-yl)-1-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-di-hydro-1-pyrrole-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, CHNO the pyrrolidine ring is almost planar and subtends a dihedral angle of 85.77 (7)° with the pendant phenyl ring. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an (6) loop.