675 results match your criteria: "Southend University Hospital[Affiliation]"

Pott's disease (PD), also known as spinal tuberculosis, accounts for an extremely low percentage of all tuberculosis (TB) cases and typically manifests secondary to an extra-spinal infection through the hematogenous spread. The thoracolumbar vertebrae are the most affected sites in PD, although other spinal regions can also be involved, albeit less frequently. Back pain is the predominant presenting symptom.

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First contact practitioners have emerged over recent years in response to growing pressures within the National Health Service (NHS) and are now central to primary care musculoskeletal (MSK) services. Within the MSK field, these allied health professionals can be from a range of disciplines, including physiotherapy, podiatry and osteopathy. Early referral to rheumatology is key to successful long-term management of many inflammatory MSK conditions, but presents challenges to overburdened services.

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Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm in a De Garengeot Hernia: A Case Report.

Cureus

December 2024

General Surgery, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR.

De Garengeot's hernia, a femoral hernia containing an incarcerated appendix, is rarely encountered in clinical practice. We report a case of a 62-year-old woman presenting with a right groin lump. A computed tomography scan reported a right inguinal hernia containing fluid with no bowel involvement.

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Targeting interleukin-6 pathways in giant cell arteritis management: A narrative review of evidence.

Autoimmun Rev

December 2024

Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 585, L'Eixample, 08007 Barcelona, Spain.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis with a significant impact on vascular and patient health. It may present with non-specific symptoms and can lead to severe complications if not managed effectively. This narrative review explores the treatment of GCA with interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway inhibitors, focusing on key studies from selected databases published between 2018 and 2024.

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Acute intestinal obstruction (AIO) is one of the most common emergency surgical presentations, with small bowel obstruction (SBO) accounting for the majority of cases. Here, we present a case of a 68-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of SBO. Her medical history was unremarkable except for an open appendectomy performed in her 20s.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health challenge, and its co-occurrence with diabetes mellitus (DM) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Yemen, a nation facing unique healthcare complexities, necessitates an in-depth investigation into the prevalence of cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors among its population with DM. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of CVR factors among individuals with diabetes in Yemen, to understand and highlight the knowledge gap, and to influence targeted interventions and policies.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess how effective and cost-efficient outpatient MyoSure procedures are over the course of a year.
  • It involved analyzing data from 58 patients, revealing high success and completion rates, with the procedure also being more affordable compared to those done under anesthesia in surgical settings.
  • Improvements in procedure outcomes were linked to better operator experience and the use of local anesthetics, suggesting that outpatient MyoSure is a feasible and safe option for patients.
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Symptom Severity and Glucocorticoid Dosing in Patients With Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Obesity.

J Rheumatol

December 2024

D. Camellino, MD, PhD, MHA, Division of Rheumatology, "La Colletta" Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Arenzano, Italy.

Objective: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disorder of the elderly characterized by girdle pain and stiffness. Obesity has an influence on disease activity and outcome in rheumatic diseases like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between high BMI and the severity and outcome of PMR, which is incompletely understood.

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The use of mesh in emergency repair of complicated groin hernias has been a subject of discussion for decades. While it is now generally accepted that mesh could safely be used in incarcerated (irreducible) and obstructed hernias (without strangulation), with wound infection rates comparable to suture repairs, the use of mesh in strangulated hernias involving bowel resection is still controversial. The aim of this study, therefore, was to analyse the safety of mesh use in strangulated hernias with ischaemic bowel at the time of surgery.

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Adjudication of Hospitalizations and Deaths in the IRONMAN Trial of Intravenous Iron for Heart Failure.

J Am Coll Cardiol

October 2024

Department of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom; College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
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We conducted a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the efficacy of combining two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) in assessing the risk of progressive metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). This narrative review explores the applications of liver ultrasound in diagnosing metabolic liver diseases, focusing on recent advancements in diagnostic techniques for steatotic liver disease (SLD). Liver ultrasound can detect a spectrum of SLD manifestations, from metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) to fibrosis and cirrhosis.

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Purpose: To report five cases of post-operative sterile endophthalmitis in patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection for retinal detachment.

Methods: Review of the medical records of five patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection at Southend University Hospital and the Royal Eye Infirmary, Derriford Hospital for rhegmatogenous or tractional retinal detachment.

Results: All five patients presented with signs of anterior chamber inflammation exhibiting flare, fibrin and hypopyon in the early or late post-operative period following vitrectomy with silicone oil injection.

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Crohn's Disease, Hemochromatosis, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Study.

Cureus

August 2024

Internal Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR.

Article Synopsis
  • Hemochromatosis is an inherited disorder that leads to excessive iron accumulation in the body, potentially causing serious organ damage and liver cirrhosis.
  • A 57-year-old man with Crohn's disease was found to have elevated ferritin levels, signs of cirrhosis, and abnormal liver tests, which led to the discovery of non-hereditary hemochromatosis and liver cancer.
  • The case illustrates the rare combination of hemochromatosis and Crohn's disease, highlighting the complex diagnostic and treatment challenges and the need for timely intervention to avoid severe health issues.
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In adults, Cushing's syndrome (CS) caused by tumours that produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) outside of the pituitary gland is quite prevalent. However, it is uncommon in children and teenagers. Ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) is a rare occurrence in young children, accounting for less than 1% of cases.

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Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital vascular disorder characterized by extensive capillary and venous malformations that pose unique challenges during pregnancy. This case report discusses the successful management of a 34-year-old pregnant woman with KTS who had two caesarean sections, resulting in the birth of two healthy babies. Despite the lack of evidence-based guidelines for obstetrical management in KTS, a multidisciplinary team collaborated to devise a high-risk thrombosis management plan, involving the use of compression stocking and low molecular weight heparin prophylaxis.

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Article Synopsis
  • Three family members experienced repeated skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) over a span of three months, including conditions like paronychia and abscesses that needed surgical drainage.
  • A definitive diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrying the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) exotoxin was only made after two family members were hospitalized simultaneously with severe abscesses.
  • After implementing MRSA decolonisation therapy with mupirocin and octenidine, only one family member had a subsequent recurrence, emphasizing the importance of considering MRSA in families with similar SSTI issues and ensuring proper treatment to prevent further cases.
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Background: While the use of immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment of various cancers, it is often associated with a myriad of immune-related adverse effects.

Case Presentation: In this article, we report a rare case of durvalumab-induced triple-M syndrome in a 69-year-old woman with stage III lung adenocarcinoma. She was admitted with profound generalised muscle weakness, myalgia, and exertional breathlessness, about a week into her second cycle of durvalumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor.

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The gallbladder (GB) is a susceptible organ, prone to various pathologies that can be identified using different imaging techniques. Transabdominal ultrasound (TUS) is typically the initial diagnostic method due to its numerous well-established advantages. However, in cases of uncertainty or when a definitive diagnosis cannot be established, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging may be employed to provide more detailed information.

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Background: The IDENTIFY study developed a model to predict urinary tract cancer using patient characteristics from a large multicentre, international cohort of patients referred with haematuria. In addition to calculating an individual's cancer risk, it proposes thresholds to stratify them into very-low-risk (<1%), low-risk (1-<5%), intermediate-risk (5-<20%), and high-risk (≥20%) groups.

Objective: To externally validate the IDENTIFY haematuria risk calculator and compare traditional regression with machine learning algorithms.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study assessed the effectiveness of bone anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) in treating class III skeletal malocclusion in children (ages 11-14) compared to a control group receiving no treatment, focusing on surgery necessity, dental changes, and psychological effects.
  • - Conducted as a randomized controlled trial in six UK hospitals, 57 participants were divided into two groups: 28 received BAMP treatment, while 29 were in the no-treatment control group; measurements were taken at multiple points over 3 years.
  • - Results showed significant improvements in skeletal and dental measures for the BAMP group at the 18-month mark, with a lower percentage of participants in this group feeling they needed surgery at the 3-year
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Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare dermatological condition which may present with ocular manifestations. We report a case of recurrent cicatricial ectropion (CE) with topical beta-blocker use in the rare dermatological condition PRP. The patient underwent release of scar tissue, lateral tarsal strip and full-thickness supraclavicular skin graft for CE following immunosuppression with methotrexate for 3 months.

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