Geographic origin and evolution of dengue virus serotypes 1 and 3 circulating in Africa.

Despite the increasing burden of dengue in Kenya and Africa, the introduction and expansion of the virus in the region remain poorly understood. The objective of this study is to examine the genetic diversity and evolutionary histories of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes 1 and 3 in Kenya and contextualize their circulation within circulation dynamics in the broader African region. Viral RNA was extracted from samples collected from a cohort of febrile patients recruited at clinical sites in Kenya from 2013 to 2022.

Colostrum feeding practice and associated factors among mothers who come for postnatal care to Asella referral and teaching hospital, Arsi Zone, South-East Ethiopia.

Background: Every day throughout the world more than 4,000 infants and young children die because colostrum feeding was not initiated within an hour of birth as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children's Fund. Even though breastfeeding is common in Ethiopia, the widespread belief that colostrum feeding causes morbidity and mortality among neonates still exists.

Objective: To assess the colostrum feeding practice and It's associated factors among mothers who come for Post-natal care at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, Asella Town, Southeast Ethiopia from November 20, 2023, to January 25, 2024.

Traditional Chinese medicine trade among RCEP countries: structural characteristics and determinants.

Background: With the increasing global focus on health and the growing popularity of natural therapies, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) products, including extracts, crude drugs, and herbal preparations, are widely utilized as both primary and complementary medicines worldwide. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), spanning 15 countries across East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Oceania, offers a vast market for TCM. However, limited research has been conducted on the complex trade relations among RCEP members.

Anthropogenic Disturbance and Climate Change Impacts on the Suitable Habitat of in China.

Estimating the impacts of anthropogenic activities and climate change on species' spatial distributions is crucial for conservation. In this study, based on 62 valid occurrence records of and 24 environmental factors (19 climate factors, 4 topographic factors, and 1 human activity factor), we utilized the biomod2 combined model platform to predict suitable habitats for under two current scenarios (Scenario 1: natural state; Scenario 2: human interference state) and two future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.

Predictive Modeling of Juvenile Smalltooth Sawfish Habitats: Challenges and Opportunities for Conservation.

Effective conservation of rare species necessitates the identification of critical habitats and their specific features that influence species occurrence. This study focused on smalltooth sawfish (), a critically endangered elasmobranch, to explore how predictive spatial modeling can enhance conservation efforts. By leveraging long-term occurrence and relative abundance data from scientific gillnet surveys, along with in situ environmental data, we used boosted regression trees (BRT) to pinpoint key habitat features essential for juvenile sawfish.

An exploration of unusual antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in Salmonella Typhi from Blantyre, Malawi reveals the ongoing role of IncHI1 plasmids.

Typhoid fever is a significant public health problem endemic in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Antimicrobial treatment of typhoid is however threatened by the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Typhi, especially in the globally successful lineage (4.3.

Determining the diagnostic cut-off on the Chinese version of severity of dependence scale for cannabis.

Introduction: Cannabis use and misuse are surging among the Chinese community in East and Southeast Asia. A quick screening instrument that can effectively identify users with dependence for early intervention is in utmost need. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale for cannabis (C-SDS-C) in screening for the DSM-5 defined Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD).

Psychosocial wellbeing and risk perception of older adults during COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: perspectives on the role of social workers.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presented a 'double-edged sword' for older adults: not only were they more susceptible to the virus, but its broader consequences also exacerbated other challenges, particularly those related to psychosocial well-being. Limited evidence exists on how older adults perceive the pandemic and its impact on their well-being and the role of social workers in addressing these challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nigeria.

Aim: This study explored older adults' perceived risks regarding COVID-19, its impact on their psychosocial well-being, and the role of social workers in addressing these challenges in Nigeria.

Lower osteoporotic-like vertebral fractural deformity (OLVF) prevalence and severity among older Thais and Indonesians than among older Chinese.

Background: Chinese are known to have a lower vertebral fragility fracture risk than Caucasians. This study evaluates radiographic osteoporotic-like vertebral fractural deformity (OLVF) prevalence and severity among Chinese, Thai, Indonesian women and men.

Methods: In an epidemiological study with community subjects, spine radiographs (T4-L5) were sampled for 195 Thai women (mean: 73.

Phononic origin of resonance in atomic scale fatigue of MoS.

Previous researchers have conducted extensive investigations on the impact of various working conditions on fatigue damage. However, further research is still needed to understand the underlying mechanism of how the excitation frequency of cyclic loading affects the fatigue life. This article systematically discloses the phononic origin of atomic scale fatigue resonance, focusing on single-layer molybdenum disulfide (SL MoS) as a prototypical material.

A Rapid and Reversible Molecular "Switch" Regulating Protein Expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a prominent chassis in synthetic biology, faces limitations in regulating the expression of exogenous genes. A destabilization domain (DD)/Shield-1 system, originally derived from mammals, offers a ligand-dependent control of stability, making it a valuable tool. This system utilises the destabilization domain to induce rapid degradation of target protein unless stabilised by Shield-1, a synthetic ligand.

Polycalmagite Coating Enables Long-Term Alkaline Seawater Oxidation Over NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide.

Renewable energy-powered seawater electrolysis is a green and attractive technique for producing high-purity hydrogen. However, severe chlorideions (Cl) and their derivatives tend to corrode anodic catalysts at ampere-level current densities and hinder the application of seawater-to-H systems. Herein, a polycalmagite (PCM)-coated NiFe layered double hydroxide is presented on Ni foam (NiFe LDH@PCM/NF) that exhibits exceptional stability in alkaline seawater.

Defect-Engineered Luminescent Nanozyme with Enhanced Phosphohydrolase Activity for Degradation and Dual-Mode Detection of Paraoxon.

The excessive use of organophosphorus pesticides poses a substantial threat to both human health and the environment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for new methods that can quickly degrade and sensitively detect these compounds. A versatile nanozyme based on the biomimetic principle is an effective strategy to solve this problem.

Engineering EVs-Mediated mRNA Delivery Regulates Microglia Function and Alleviates Depressive-Like Behaviors.

The development of new non-neurotransmitter drugs is an important supplement to the clinical treatment of major depressive disorder. The latest development of mRNA therapy provides the possibility for the treatment of some major diseases. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria constitute a highly interconnected set of fundamental organelles within cells.

The First Molecular Ferroelectric Mott Insulator.

With the discovery of colossal magnetoresistance materials and high-temperature superconductors, Mott insulators can potentially undergo a transition from insulating state to metallic state. Here, in molecular ferroelectrics system, a Mott insulator of (CHN)VO has been first synthesized, which is a 2D organic-inorganic ferroelectric with composition of layered vanadium oxide and quinuclidine ring. Interestingly, accompanied by the ferroelectric phase transition, (CHN)VO changes sharply in conductivity.

Untethered Soft Robots Based on 1D and 2D Nanomaterials.

Biological structures exhibit autonomous and intelligent behaviors, such as movement, perception, and responses to environmental changes, through dynamic interactions with their surroundings. Inspired by natural organisms, future soft robots are also advancing toward autonomy, sustainability, and interactivity. This review summarizes the latest achievements in untethered soft robots based on 1D and 2D nanomaterials.

Prehospital lactate analysis in suspected sepsis improves detection of patients with increased mortality risk: an observational study.

Background: Rapid, adequate treatment is crucial to reduce mortality in sepsis. Risk stratification scores used at emergency departments (ED) are limited in detecting all septic patients with increased mortality risk. We assessed whether the addition of prehospital lactate analysis to clinical risk stratification tools improves detection of patients with increased risk for rapid deterioration and death in sepsis.

Epidemiological and cluster characteristics of dengue fever in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, 2013-2023.

Background: Yunnan Province, located in the southwestern part of China and neighboring endemic dengue regions of Southeast Asia, has experienced annual autochthonous outbreaks of dengue fever from 2013 to 2023. This study examines the epidemiological and spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of dengue within the province.

Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyse outbreak characteristics.

Dual-channel near-field holographic MIMO communications based on programmable digital coding metasurface and electromagnetic theory.

Holographic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) method leverages spatial diversity to enhance the performance of wireless communications and is expected to be a key technology enabling for high-speed data services in the forthcoming sixth generation (6G) networks. However, the antenna array commonly used in the traditional massive MIMO cannot meet the requirements of low cost, low complexity and high spatial resolution simultaneously, especially in higher frequency bands. Hence it is important to achieve a feasible hardware platform to support theoretical study of the holographic MIMO communications.

Hypoxia-tropic delivery of nanozymes targeting transferrin receptor 1 for nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy sensitization.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignancy highly prevalent in East and Southeast Asia, is primarily treated with radiotherapy (RT). However, hypoxia-induced radioresistance presents a significant challenge. Nanozymes, nanomaterials with catalase-like activity, have emerged as a promising strategy for radiosensitization by converting elevated hydrogen peroxide in the tumor microenvironment into oxygen.

Vaping among young adults in Singapore: a qualitative study of motivations, challenges and antivaping intervention perceptions.

Introduction: The increasing use of electronic cigarettes among young adults in Southeast Asia is concerning. This study explores the motivations and challenges faced by young adults in quitting vaping and their perceptions of current public health messages and interventions in Singapore, which has stringent antivaping laws and active public health campaigns.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted involving in-depth interviews with 15 participants aged 18-35.

Predicting dengue incidence in high-risk areas of China through the integration of Southeast Asian and local meteorological factors.

Dengue, a climate-sensitive mosquito-borne viral disease, is endemic in many tropical and subtropical areas, with Southeast Asia bearing the highest burden. In China, dengue epidemics are primarily influenced by imported cases from Southeast Asia. By integrating monthly maximum temperature and precipitation from Southeast Asia and local provinces in China, we aim to build models to predict dengue incidence in high-risk areas of China.

Survey of pharmacists' perspectives on preparing discharge medicine lists: a cross-sectional single-centre study.

Objectives: This study explored South-East Queensland Australian pharmacists' perspectives on preparing discharge medicine lists, specifically involvement of pharmacy assistants, use of electronic medication management software, and expanding pharmacists' scope during discharge.

Methods: Electronic survey distributed to pharmacists during December 2021 and data collected over 3 weeks.

Key Findings: Pharmacists supported increased involvement of pharmacy assistants (with structured collaborative training), pharmacist-led medication reconciliation, and producing the discharge medicine list directly from the electronic record.

ℤ-Classified Topological Phases and Bound States in the Continuum Induced by Multiple Orbitals.

ℤ-classified higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) with chiral-symmetric higher-order topological phases protected by multipole chiral numbers (MCNs) have attracted extensive interest recently. However, how to design artificial ℤ-classified HOTIs with multiple topological phases remains an unresolved issue. Here, multiorbital degrees of freedom are introduced to acoustic crystals and the various methods of topological phase transitions are achieved for the orbital ℤ-classified HOTIs.