Industrial pilot scale slow pyrolysis reduces the content of organic contaminants in sewage sludge.

Pyrolysis has been gaining global interest as a viable option for reducing organic contaminant levels in waste materials such as sewage sludge (SS) for their subsequent use as a soil amendment. However, publicly available knowledge on the capacity of pyrolysis to reduce the levels in SSs is mostly based on laboratory or bench scale studies. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of industrial pilot scale slow pyrolysis at two temperatures and retention times (450 °C, 1 h and 500 °C, 1.

Social and healthcare students' competence in patient-oriented care enhanced during interprofessional practice: A scoping review.

Aim: This scoping review aimed to synthesise the findings of previous literature related to social and healthcare students' competence in patient-oriented care in interprofessional practice by attending multidisciplinary student teams.

Background: Learning about patient-oriented care requires the comprehensive consideration of patients' physical, emotional, social and economic aspects to offer the best need-based care. Multidisciplinary student teams in the clinical practice may support learning patient-oriented care; however, the current knowledge is fragmented.

Rethinking non-urgent EMS conveyance to ED during night-time - a pilot study in Southwest Finland.

Background: The amount of emergency medical service missions has increased internationally in recent years, and emergency departments are overcrowded globally. Previous evidence has shown that patients arriving at the emergency department during nighttime (20 - 08) have to wait longer, are more likely to leave without being seen, and often have non-urgent conditions compared to patients arriving during the day. The objective of this pilot study was to examine what kind of patient groups are conveyed as non-urgent to the hospital by emergency medical service during nighttime and what kind of diagnostic tests and medical interventions those patients receive before morning to identify patient groups that could be non-conveyed or directed to alternative points of care.

The role of emergency medical services in the management of in-hospital emergencies: Causes and outcomes of emergency calls - A descriptive retrospective register-based study.

Background: Medical emergency teams (METs) are in place in some hospitals in Finland to respond to critical emergency events. However, in hospitals without dedicated METs, staff are instructed to call emergency medical services (EMS) to deal with emergencies. This study examined the reasons for calling EMS to hospitals and the outcomes of these calls.

Applying Crew Resource Management tools in Emergency Response Driving and patient transport-Finding consensus through a modified Delphi study.

Background: Emergency Response Driving (ERD) comprises a significant risk to safety in Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Crew Resource Management (CRM) tools play a major role in securing actions in high-risk procedures. The aim of this study was to find consensus on the important factors to consider when applying CRM tools in ERD and patient transport.

Sensitivity and specificity of measuring children's free-living cycling with a thigh-worn Fibion® accelerometer.

Objective: Cycling is an important part of children's active travel, but its measurement using accelerometry is a challenge. The aim of the present study was to evaluate physical activity duration and intensity, and sensitivity and specificity of free-living cycling measured with a thigh-worn accelerometer.

Methods: Participants were 160 children (44 boys) aged 11.

Erratum to "A new accelerometer (Fibion) device provides valid sedentary and upright time measurements compared to the ActivPAL4 in healthy individuals" [Heliyon 8(10) (October 2022) e1103].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Maintenance and Development of Paramedics' Competence on Joint Emergency Medical Service and Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Missions.

Objective: In health care, learning and collaboration between professions are crucial in providing patient-centered, responsive, and high-quality care. Given that interprofessional learning can occur indirectly while working but is scarcely studied in the context of prehospital emergency care, we examined the maintenance and development of paramedic competence on joint emergency medical service (EMS) and helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) missions.

Methods: Qualitative methodology was chosen.

Device-measured sitting time and musculoskeletal pain in adults with normal glucose metabolism, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes-The Maastricht Study.

Background: Detrimental associations of sedentary behaviour (time spent sitting) with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions have been observed. However, findings on those with, or at risk of, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not been reported. We examined the linear and non-linear associations of device-measured daily sitting time with MSP outcomes according to glucose metabolism status (GMS).

Urgent hospital transfers - The experiences and required skills of paramedics.

Introduction: Global changes in the health and social care sector have centralized the treatment of emergency patients, leading to an increase of urgent hospital transfers. The aim of this study is to describe paramedics' experiences gained while working in prehospital emergency care, regarding urgent hospital transfers and the skills that performing urgent hospital transfers requires.

Methods: Twenty paramedics with experience in urgent hospital transfers participated in this qualitative study.

Advanced-level paramedics' support needs for developing and utilising competence.

Introduction: Paramedic competence plays a vital role in emergency medical services (EMS), as the pre-hospital setting demands a wide variety of competencies from paramedics. The aim of the study was to examinethesupportthatadvanced-level paramedics need from their supervisors to develop and utilise their competence.

Methods: Qualitative essay material was collected from a group of experienced advanced-level paramedics (n = 41).

The mediating effect of psychosocial factors in the relationship between self-organizing teams and employee wellbeing: A cross-sectional observational study.

Background: Several benefits of working in a self-organizing team, such as higher job satisfaction and better engagement to work have been demonstrated in previous studies.

Objective: To examine whether those employees working in a self-organizing team have higher job satisfaction and lower turnover intentions compared to those in non-self-organized teams. Further, to test whether psychosocial factors defined by the Job Demand-Control model would function as mediators.

Paramedics' perceptions of job demands and resources in Finnish emergency medical services: a qualitative study.

Background: Paramedics' fatigue is rising. Stress factors show increased risk for burnout, fatigue, leaving the profession, decreased performance and risk for patient safety. Meanwhile, paramedics' strong community of practice, autonomy and a sense of professional respect are important factors in forming psychological resilience.

Responsiveness of electromyographically assessed skeletal muscle inactivity: methodological exploration and implications for health benefits.

Prolonged sedentary behaviour is detrimental to health due to low contractile activity in large lower extremity muscle groups. This muscle inactivity can be measured with electromyography (EMG), but it is unknown how methodological factors affect responsiveness longitudinally. This study ranks 16 different EMG inactivity thresholds based on their responsiveness (absolute and standardized effect size, responsiveness) using data from a randomized controlled trial targeted at reducing and breaking up sedentary time (InPact, ISRCTN28668090).

Perceived human factors from the perspective of paramedics - a qualitative interview study.

Background: The work environment in prehospital emergency medical care setting is dynamic and complex and includes many stressors. However, little is known about the perceived human factors from the perspective of paramedics. In this study, we investigated, from the perspective of paramedics, what are the human factors, and how are they linked to prehospital emergency medical care?

Methods: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews (n = 15) with Finnish paramedics.

A new accelerometer (Fibion) device provides valid sedentary and upright time measurements compared to the ActivPAL4 in healthy individuals.

Background: Thigh-worn accelerometers can accurately measure time spent sitting, standing and walking in free-living settings.

Aim: To investigate the concurrent validity of a new Fibion accelerometer and a validated ActivPAL4 accelerometer for estimating sedentary and upright time in healthy individuals.

Methods: A total of 29 healthy individuals, aged between 18 and 50 years, wore the Fibion and ActivPAL4 devices on the same thigh with a medical adhesive tape during one typical weekday.

A multi-criteria decision analysis model for ship biofouling management in the Baltic Sea.

Biofouling of ship hulls form a vector for the introduction of non-indigenous organisms worldwide. Through increasing friction, the organisms attached to ships' hulls increase the fuel consumption, leading to both higher fuel costs and air emissions. At the same time, ship biofouling management causes both ecological risks and monetary costs.

Can different physical education programs produce specific developments in psychological responses and cognitive functions? An ecological intervention in school-age children.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical education (PE) class contents on 6-8 years school-age children's perceived exertion, psychological responses and cognitive functions.

Materials And Methods: These dimensions were measured in 135 children (6.61 ± 0.

Linguistic Validation of Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory to Finnish Applying Mandysova's Decision Tree Algorithm.

Currently, there is no available Finnish version of the Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory tool (GNCI). This study tested the validity, reliability, and clinical usability of a Finnish translation. A decision tree algorithm was used to guide the translation, as per International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research guidelines.

Strength-Cognitive Training: A Systemic Review in Adults and Older Adults, and Guidelines to Promote "Strength Exergaming" Innovations.

Background: Despite functional and cognitive benefits, few adults and older adults do strength training twice per week with sufficient intensity. Exercise-based active video games (exergaming) may amplify the cognitive benefits of exercise and increase adherence and motivation toward training. However, the benefits of a well-defined and monitored dose of strength training, executed simultaneously or sequentially with a cognitive element, has received little attention.

Initial experiences of prehospital blood product transfusions between 2016 and 2020 in Päijät-Häme hospital district, Finland.

Background: Treating hemorrhaging patients with prehospital blood product transfusions (PHBT) narrows transfusion delays and potentially benefits the patient. We describe our initial experiences of PHBT in a ground-based emergency medical service (EMS), where the transfusion protocol covers both traumatic and nontraumatic hemorrhaging patients.

Methods: A descriptive retrospective analysis was performed on the records of all the patients receiving red blood cells, freeze-dried plasma, or both during prehospital care from September 2016 to December 2020.

A Greater Intrinsic, but Not External, Motivation Toward Physical Activity Is Associated With a Lower Sitting Time.

Background: Both reducing sitting and increasing physical exercise promote health but exercising more does not necessarily reduce sitting time. One reason for this non-dependency may be that different aspects of exercise motivation are differently related to sitting time. Identifying the type of exercise motivation that would also be associated with sitting time can help to reduce sitting indirectly through increased exercise, thus bringing greater benefits.

Self-reported Reasons for Changes in Performance of Daily Activities During a 2-Year Multidisciplinary Multiple Sclerosis Rehabilitation.

Background: Few multidisciplinary rehabilitation studies with a heterogeneous design have focused on individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study compared subjective-reported changes in performance and satisfaction with daily activities among moderately and severely disabled individuals with MS during a 2-year, multidisciplinary, group-based, outpatient rehabilitation program comprising education in self-management and compensatory techniques, exercise, and guided peer support.

Methods: Thirty-eight adults with moderate disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score of 4.

Structured communication during emergency response driving: Safety-critical points identified by Finnish emergency response driving experts.

Background: Emergency response driving (ERD) is a major occupational risk factor in emergency medical services (EMS). Inadequate communication has been acknowledged as a significant contributing cause for major incidents during ERD. Previous evidence shows that structured communication can promote safety in high-risk procedures, but knowledge in ERD context is lacking.