Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Effect of graft tunnel position on early to mid-term clinical outcomes.

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be used to assess knee function following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Intra-operatively, femoral and tibial tunnels are created to accommodate the new ACL graft. It is postulated that there is an optimum position and orientation of these tunnels and that outcomes from this procedure are affected by their position.

Polyp detection with colonoscopy assisted by the GI Genius artificial intelligence endoscopy module compared with standard colonoscopy in routine colonoscopy practice (COLO-DETECT): a multicentre, open-label, parallel-arm, pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Background: Increased polyp detection during colonoscopy is associated with decreased post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. The COLO-DETECT trial aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of the GI Genius intelligent endoscopy module for polyp detection, comparing colonoscopy assisted by GI Genius (computer-aided detection [CADe]-assisted colonoscopy) with standard colonoscopy in routine practice.

Methods: We did a multicentre, open-label, parallel-arm, pragmatic randomised controlled trial in 12 National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (ten NHS Trusts) in England, among adults (aged ≥18 years) undergoing planned colonoscopy for gastrointestinal symptoms or for surveillance due to personal or family history (ie, symptomatic indications), or colorectal cancer screening.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty high tibial osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis: A comparison of clinical and radiological outcomes.

Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and high tibial osteotomy (HTO) are well-established operative interventions in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. However, which intervention is more beneficial to patients with knee osteoarthritis remains unknown and a topic of much debate. Simultaneously, there is a paucity of research assessing the relationship between radiographic parameters of knee joint alignment and patient-reported clinical outcomes, preoperatively and following HTO or UKA.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: effect of graft type and gender on early to mid-term clinical outcomes.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a debilitating condition and often requires surgery to restore joint stability. Common autografts used for reconstruction include patella tendon and hamstring tendons. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the early to mid-term clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction using validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Impact of age on clinical outcomes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a common procedure for symptomatic ACL injuries. Age is often factored into clinical decision making and can influence the choice of conservative management over surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronological age on the clinical outcome following ACLR.

Evaluation of comorbidity scoring systems in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.

Background: Ageing populations are increasing the demand for knee arthroplasty. Concurrently, the prevalence of medical comorbidities are rising too. The Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire was developed to provide a patient's assessment of their own comorbidities whereas the American Society of Anesthesiologists grades and the Charlson Comorbidity Index utilise clinical evaluation to objectively measure perioperative morbidity and mortality risk.

Anthropometric measures of obesity in patients with knee joint pathology: Body surface area versus body mass index.

Background: Obesity is quantified using body mass index. Body surface area may provide a superior and more anthropometric method of quantifying obesity in patients with musculoskeletal knee disease. This study compares the effect of weight, height, age and gender on body mass index and body surface area in a population with orthopaedic knee disease.

Patient experiences of Cytosponge: a qualitative study.

Objective: Cytosponge is a novel technology for oesophageal pathology diagnosis. Uses include diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus and as a triage tool to prioritise upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patient experience is a key component of quality care.

Patella height measurements in patients with patellofemoral instability: the power to predict patella height indices.

Introduction: Numerous indices for patella height measurement are described in the literature; however, there is not a universally accepted 'gold standard'. Choice of indices varies depending on personal preference and previous experience, making it difficult to compare results between studies. The aims of this study were to assess the correlation between different patella height indices and generate statistically derived formulae that can be used to predict the value of one patella height ratio when another is known.

A national multicentre study of outcomes and patient satisfaction with the virtual fracture clinic and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic: The MAVCOV study.

Background: Virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are advocated by the British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma (BOAST). We aimed to assess the impact of the transition from face-to-face fracture clinic review and identify any change in clinical outcome and patient satisfaction.

Methods: A national, cross-sectional cohort study of VFCs across the UK over two separate two-week periods pre- and during the first UK COVID-19 lockdown was undertaken.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between total hip replacement and total knee replacement.

Background: Total hip replacements (THR) and total knee replacements (TKR) are effective treatments for severe osteoarthritis (OA). Some studies suggest clinical outcomes following THR are superior to TKR, the reason for which remains unknown. This study compares clinical outcomes between THR and TKR.

British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Over 2.5 million gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures are carried out in the United Kingdom (UK) every year. Procedures are carried out with local anaesthetic r with sedation.

Arthroscopic Meniscectomy vs Meniscal Repair: Comparison of Clinical Outcomes.

Background Meniscal tears are the most common injury of the knee. Surgical treatment has fallen into contention recently and includes arthroscopic meniscectomy and meniscal repair. The primary aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate patients with isolated meniscal tears and compare their outcomes with patients who have undergone arthroscopic meniscus surgery.

A Comparison of Tip-Apex Distance at Various Angles of Fixation Devices in Hip Fractures.

Background Intertrochanteric neck of the femur (NOF) fractures are very common, and the majority are fixed using dynamic hip screws (DHS) or intramedullary (IM) nails with a fixed angle. The aim of this study was to assess which angle of fixation has a better tip-apex distance (TAD) on X-ray and lower complication rates. Methods We included patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures fixed using a DHS or an IM nail.

Knee anatomic geometry accurately predicts risk of anterior cruciate ligament rupture.

Background: Certain anatomical characteristics of the knee have potential relationships with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. There remains a need for stronger evidence using arthroscopy as well as radiological imaging to accurately clarify these relationships.

Purpose: To compare the anatomic geometry of the knee joint between patients with and without ACL ruptures.

The effect of the endoscopic device Endocuff™/Endocuff vision™ on quality standards in colonoscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Aim: The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an important quality measure, with a high ADR reflecting high-quality colonoscopy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of Endocuff™/Endocuff Vision™-assisted colonoscopy (EAC) versus standard colonoscopy (SC) on ADR and other clinical, patient and resource-use outcomes.

Method: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for full papers reporting randomized studies comparing EAC with SC.

Patient reported outcome measures in anterior cruciate ligament rupture and reconstruction: The significance of outcome score prediction.

Background: Numerous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) clinical outcome measures exist. However, the result of one score does not equate to the findings of another even when evaluating the same patient group.

Aim: To investigate if statistically derived formulae can be used to predict the outcome of one knee scoring system when the result of another is known in patients with ACL rupture before and after reconstruction.

Inter- and intra-rater reliability of knee flexion angle measurements on X-ray and MRI.

Background: Range of motion (ROM) is an important aspect of orthopaedic patient assessment. It can be measured at the knee joint by determining the knee flexion angle (KFA) a patient can achieve at extremes of flexion and extension. As with any measurement, the accuracy and reliability of the method used determine its validity.

Clinical efficacy of bisphosphonates and monoclonal antibodies on bone mineral density following skeletal fractures.

Background: Bisphosphonates and monoclonal antibodies are drugs primarily developed to inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and are used to treat an array of skeletal pathologies. Their use is aimed at increasing bone health and therefore reducing fracture risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bone protection therapy on improving bone mineral density (BMD) in patients following a fracture.

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19: The PAN-COVID study.

Objective: To assess perinatal outcomes for pregnancies affected by suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Prospective, web-based registry. Pregnant women were invited to participate if they had suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1st January 2020 and 31st March 2021 to assess the impact of infection on maternal and perinatal outcomes including miscarriage, stillbirth, fetal growth restriction, pre-term birth and transmission to the infant.

The prevalence of musculoskeletal presentations in general practice: an epidemiological study.

Background: It is estimated that 18.8 million people in the United Kingdom are living with a musculoskeletal (MSK) condition. It is a major cause of morbidity and a significant reason for presentation to primary care.

Trial protocol for COLO-DETECT: A randomized controlled trial of lesion detection comparing colonoscopy assisted by the GI Genius™ artificial intelligence endoscopy module with standard colonoscopy.

Aim: Colorectal cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer death worldwide. Colonoscopy plays a key role in the control of colorectal cancer and, in that regard, maximizing detection (and removal) of pre-cancerous adenomas at colonoscopy is imperative. GI Genius™ (Medtronic Ltd) is a computer-aided detection system that integrates with existing endoscopy systems and improves adenoma detection during colonoscopy.