Developing Topics.

Background: Despite Korea's efforts to promote dementia-prevention lifestyles and health behaviors, adherence among older adults is low. This underscores the importance of identifying factors, "beliefs, and attitudes" that influence lifestyle and health behavior changes to reduce dementia risk. The effectiveness of the scale used to measure these changes has been proven in different cultural contexts, but its suitability for the Korean population has yet to be investigated.

Developing Topics.

Background: Brain diseases complexity have necessitated advanced research platforms for better understanding, treatment, and prevention strategies. However, existing brain disease registries face limitations such as incomplete variable sets, lack of standardization, insufficient linkage to external databases, absence of integrated platforms for comprehensive data collection, and lack of continuity. To address these challenges, the Korea National Institute of Health initiated the Brain disease Research Infrastructure for Data Gathering and Exploration (BRIDGE), a national prospective platform designed to overcome the shortcomings of current registries.

Developing Topics.

Background: This systematic review aims to examine recent interventions targeting social isolation among middle-aged adults, identifying trends in intervention types and their effectiveness. It highlights the urgent need for establishing a foundation for social isolation research across all ages.

Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024.

Developing Topics.

Background: Since January 2023, South Korea has launched a pilot program of home-based rehabilitation services for patients with acute and chronic conditions. However, research on the effectiveness of occupational therapy for homebound stroke patients, aimed at promoting independence and activity participation, is limited. Additionally, previous action observation training studies in home settings often overlooked clients' occupational priorities and meanings.

Developing Topics.

Background: Sex differences in the association between depression and dementia have been reported with inconsistent results. This study aims to explore sex differences in the relationship between dementia and depression, using the history of major depressive disorder (MDD) and Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) as measures.

Method: Utilizing data from the 8th wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) conducted in 2020 with 5717 participants, we investigated the sex effect on the association between various measures of depression and history of dementia using binary logistic regression.

Developing Topics.

Background: Previous studies have reported various prodromal symptoms and comorbidities that precede the development of dementia. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the impact of genetic predispositions to multiple comorbidities on the risk of incident dementia.

Methods: Our study included 377,653 participants of European descent from the UK Biobank, comprising 370,183 controls and 7,470 cases of incident dementia.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is predominantly caused by the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides into neurotoxic plaques. Current therapeutic approaches using monoclonal antibodies, like aducanumab and lecanemab, have shown promise in reversing Aβ aggregation. However, these treatments are expensive and challenging to administer.

Developing Topics.

Background: Understanding the relationship between cardiovascular burden, amyloid, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential for targeted interventions, especially in ethnically diverse populations where research remains limited. This study aimed to investigate these relationships in a cohort of Korean older adults along the AD spectrum.

Method: 526 participants from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE) cohort were included in this study.

Developing Topics.

Background: As populations age, fostering the social participation of older adults is crucial to addressing issues like isolation. This study introduced a subject-led social participation program to encourage independent engagement among older adults, utilizing a custom-designed menu of activities. The program's impact on social well-being was assessed to explore its practical application and identify potential improvements.

Developing Topics.

Background: Online platforms are an efficient means to detect early cognitive decline, but few studies have investigated the relationship between remotely collected subjective cognitive change and cognitive decline. We hypothesized that the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog), a subjective change measure, predicts longitudinal change in cognition in Brain Health Registry (BHR), an online registry for neuroscience research.

Method: From the BHR database, we included participants aged 55+ who completed both the baseline ECog and repeated administrations of the CANTAB® Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test.

Developing Topics.

Background: Participation in various social activities of elderly has a significant impact on overall health and quality of life, including physical and metal health. Therefore, in this study, we aim to analyze the types of social activity participation among community-dwelling elderly and examine differences in characteristics, health status, and quality of life according to these types of participation of social activities. Thus, we purpose to utilize the findings of this study as a foundation basis for research aimed at promoting services and intervention related to social activities of elderly in community.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy requires timely and accurate diagnosis for prompt drug intervention, emphasizing the need for a more accessible biomarker screening test. Previous studies identified higher expression of oligomeric Aβ in AD patients, however, the quantitative measurements of nasal Aβ42 levels of the full AD continuum remain unknown.

Method: We collected nasal discharge samples from 161 subjects who underwent neuropsychological battery tests and amyloid-PET and nasal Aβ42 levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Developing Topics.

Background: Retirement for elderly people marks a critical turning point in life, acting as a significant personal and social event associated with both positive and negative health impacts. Studies on elderly populations from the successful aging perspective suggest that individual efforts and external support are necessary for successful aging. The WHO emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle in achieving health and well-being in human life and indicates the need for professional programs.

Developing Topics.

Background: Autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) dysfunction emerges early in Alzheimer's disease(AD). In mouse AD models, lysosomal acidification deficits impair ALP in neurons, in some inducing massive autolysosome accumulations, intraneuronal amyloid plaque, and early neuronal death yielding an extracellular amyloid plaque. This distinctive neurodegenerative pattern (PANTHOS) emerges in early-stage AD and is recapitulated in human late-onset AD (accompanying poster).

Developing Topics.

Background: As the global prevalence of dementia continues to rise, South Korea faces the imperative of developing comprehensive policies to address the multifaceted challenges posed by this condition. Creating dementia-friendly communities is important for the inclusion of patients with dementia (PWD) and their families. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze dementia-friendly community policies in Korea using the WHO's dementia inclusive societies framework and to suggest ways to improve such policies.

Developing Topics.

Background: We investigated heterogeneities in clinical progression trajectories among cognitively impaired (CI) older adults who were positive for both beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neurodegeneration biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using trajectory clustering analysis. We then compared clinical and neuroimaging variables across clusters with different clinical trajectories.

Method: CI older adults, consisting of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD dementia were recruited from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's disease (KBASE).

Developing Topics.

Background: The increasing global incidence of dementia is accompanied by rising burdens for caregivers, who face physical and emotional challenges such as depression and pain. Existing research primarily explores the negative impacts of caregiving on quality of life, health, and finances, alongside the benefits of social support and specific programs. However, such approaches might be relatively passive.

Developing Topics.

Background: The interplaying neuropathology of amyloid plaque, tau tangles, and microglia-driven inflammation (tri-pathology) are related to neuronal and synaptic loss damage in Alzheimer's damages. Interventions that target Aβ or tau individually have not yielded substantial breakthroughs. Iron plays a pivotal role in tri-pathology by protein-bound iron-oxide deposition in amyloid plaque, tau tangle, and microglia, resulting in redox-active toxicity or microglial response induction, such as proinflammatory activation, autophagy dysfunction, and ferroptosis.

Developing Topics.

Background: AR1001 is a specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), which degrades cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, which is critical for learning and memory processes, is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). AR1001 at the oral dose of 30 mg QD is currently in a global Phase 3 clinical trial in early AD patients (NCT05531526).

A Versatile Ionic Liquid Additive for Perovskite Solar Cells: Surface Modification, Hole Transport Layer Doping, and Green Solvent Processing.

Hole-transport layers (HTL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an n-i-p structure are commonly doped by bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (TFSI) salts to enhance hole conduction. While lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) dopant is a widely used and effective dopant, it has significant limitations, including the need for additional solvents and additives, environmental sensitivity, unintended oxidation, and dopant migration, which can lead to lower stability of PSCs. A novel ionic liquid, 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (MMPyTFSI), is explored as an alternative dopant for 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD).

Developing Topics.

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition in which an individual shows declines in memory or mental function beyond the normal range for their age. Symptoms are not as severe as those with dementia, and people with MCI are able to carry out daily activities. AR1004, known as banhasasim-tang (BHS), is a natural herbal product used in traditional Korean medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Tau-PET imaging allows in-vivo detection of neurofibrillary tangles. One tau-PET tracer (i.e.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Choroid plexus enlargement is implicated in the exacerbation of cognitive impairments characteristic of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Manual volumetric assessment by radiologists, while accurate, is impractical for large-scale application due to its resource-intensive nature. We examine the use of automated brain volumetry software as an efficient and cost-effective alternative for quantifying choroid plexus volume.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Normative percentile (NP) quantifies brain atrophy by comparing regional brain volumes of a subject against age and sex-matched cognitively normal populations. Accurate intracranial volume (ICV) adjustment is vital in NP quantification to minimize the effect of an individual's head size. However, which intracranial volume adjustment method yields reliable normative percentiles remains unclear.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Clinical diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be challenging, requiring an accurate tool dedicated to this diagnostic hurdle. Since FTD exhibits distinct regional atrophy patterns on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), AI-aided automated brain volume analysis could enhance the clinical diagnostic assessment of FTD, including the detection of the disease and the classification of subtypes, which encompass behavioral variant (BV), semantic variant (SV), and progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA). In this study, we leverage automated brain volumetry software to approach both FTD detection and the differential diagnosis among its subtypes.