H-Dots: Renal Clearable Zwitterionic Nanocarriers for Disease Diagnosis and Therapy.

Nanocarriers have shown significant promise in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, utilizing a wide range of biocompatible materials such as metals, inorganic substances, and organic components. Despite diverse design strategies, key physicochemical properties, including hydrodynamic diameter, shape, surface charge, and hydrophilicity/lipophilicity, are crucial for optimizing biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic efficacy. However, these properties are often influenced by drug payload, presenting an ongoing challenge in developing versatile platform technologies for theranostics.

3D active-matrix multimodal sensor arrays for independent detection of pressure and temperature.

Pressure and temperature sensing simultaneously and independently is crucial for creating electronic skin that replicates complex sensory functions of human skin. Thin-film transistor (TFT) arrays with sensors have enabled cross-talk-free spatial sensing. However, the thermal dependence of charge transport in semiconductors has resulted in interference between thermal and pressure stimuli.

Control of striatal circuit development by the chromatin regulator .

The pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders involves vulnerable neural populations, including striatal circuitry, and convergent molecular nodes, including chromatin regulation and synapse function. Despite this, how epigenetic regulation regulates striatal development is understudied. Recurrent de novo mutations in are associated with intellectual disability and autism.

Redefining the limits of actuating fibers via mesophase control: From contraction to elongation.

The development of fibrous actuators with diverse actuation modes is expected to accelerate progress in active textiles, robotics, wearable electronics, and haptics. Despite the advances in responsive polymer-based actuating fibers, the available actuation modes are limited by the exclusive reliance of current technologies on thermotropic contraction along the fiber axis. To address this gap, the present study describes a reversible and spontaneous thermotropic elongation (~30%) in liquid crystal elastomer fibers produced via ultraviolet-assisted melt spinning.

An evolutionarily conserved cation channel tunes the sensitivity of gustatory neurons to ephaptic inhibition in .

In ephaptic coupling, physically adjacent neurons influence one another's activity via the electric fields they generate. To date, the molecular mechanisms that mediate and modulate ephaptic coupling's effects remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel lateralizes the potentially mutual ephaptic inhibition between gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs).

Mouse models for metabolic health research: molecular mechanism of exercise effects on health improvement through adipose tissue remodelling.

Exercise provides health benefits to multiple metabolic tissues through complex biological pathways and interactions between organs. However, investigating these complex mechanisms in humans is still limited, making mouse models extremely useful for exploring exercise-induced changes in whole-body metabolism and health. In this review, we focus on gaining a broader understanding of the metabolic phenotypes and molecular mechanisms induced by exercise in mouse models.

Defect Engineered Ru-CoMOF@MoS Heterointerface Facilitate Water Oxidation Process.

Catalyst design plays a critical role in ensuring sustainable and effective energy conversion. Electrocatalytic materials need to be able to control active sites and introduce defects in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Furthermore, producing efficient catalysts with a distinct surface structure advances our comprehension of the mechanism.

Thermally Triggered Double Emulsion-Integrated Hydrogel Microparticles for Multiplexed Molecular Diagnostics.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has been recognized as the most reliable diagnostic tool. However, there is a need to develop multiplexed assays capable of analyzing multiple genes simultaneously to expand its application. To address this, a multiplexed RT-qPCR using a double emulsion (DE)-based carrier and a polymer microparticle reactor, termed primer-incorporated network tailored with Taqman probe (TaqPIN) is developed.

Refractory lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood injection: A case report.

Background: Intramuscular corticosteroid injection may cause adverse effects such as dermal and/or subcutaneous atrophy, alopecia, hypopigmentation, and hyperpigmentation. Although cutaneous atrophy can spontaneously resolve, several treatment options have been suggested for this condition.

Case Summary: In this paper, we report a case of corticosteroid injection induced lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood (AWB) injection, as the condition had been unresponsive to fractional laser therapy.

Enhancing perianal disease management with integrated physical and psychological approaches.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou , focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the post-operative recovery (POR) of patients with perianal diseases. The study sheds light on how illness perception, anxiety, and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes. Hou developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.

Pan-TRK positive uterine sarcoma in immunohistochemistry without neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions: A case report.

Background: The classification of uterine sarcomas is based on distinctive morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics, increasingly supported by molecular genetic diagnostics. Data on neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusion-positive uterine sarcoma, potentially aggressive and morphologically similar to fibrosarcoma, are limited due to its recent recognition. Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis serves as an effective screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for -fusion malignancies.

GX-188E DNA vaccine plus pembrolizumab in HPV 16- and/or 18-positive recurrent or advance cervical cancer: a phase 2 trial.

Background: In an interim analysis of this phase 2 trial, adding the GX-188E vaccine to pembrolizumab resulted in manageable toxicity with antitumor activities in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical cancer. Here, we report the final safety and efficacy results after a long-term follow-up at the study's completion.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II trial was conducted in nine hospitals in South Korea (ClinicalTrials.

Differences in mortality risk by levels of physical activity among persons with disabilities in South Korea.

Aim: The World Health Organization's recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity per week is important for increasing the lifespan of persons with disabilities (PWDs).

Methods: Conduct a survival analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity and mortality using cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea from 2017 to 2021. The survival analysis included 259,146 PWDs, with a maximum follow-up of 57 months, and adjustments for covariates, including physical activity level, comorbidities, smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Exercise improves body composition, physical fitness, and blood levels of C-peptide and IGF-1 in 11- to 12-year-old boys with obesity.

Introduction: Exercise is vital in preventing and treating obesity. Despite its importance, the understanding of how exercise influences childhood obesity at the biochemical level is limited. In this study, we explore the effects of a 16-week exercise program (EP) on body composition, physical fitness, and the blood levels of hormones related to obesity.

Absence of Cysteine and Iron Chelation Induces Ferroptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: Ferroptosis is a recently studied form of programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxides accumulation in the cells. This process occurs when a cell's antioxidant capacity is disturbed resulting in the inability of the cell to detoxify the toxic peroxides. Two major components that regulate ferroptosis are cysteine and iron.

Clinical and Radiological Outcomes After Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Through a Medial Arthrotomy: A Minimum 4-Year Follow-up.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that lateral meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) through medial arthrotomy showed less extrusion than that of the lateral arthrotomy. However, there is a paucity of literature reporting clinical and radiological outcomes after lateral MAT through the medial arthrotomy.

Hypothesis: Lateral MAT through a medial arthrotomy would show significantly improved clinical scores and minimal joint space narrowing compared with preoperative status.

Effects of infection on neonates: a meta-analysis.

Objective: (UU) is an opportunistic pathogen transmitted from mother to fetus, potentially causing neonatal diseases. Despite extensive research, its association with these diseases remains uncertain. This study analyzes the effects of UU infection on newborns.

Three-dimensional convolutional neural network for leak detection and localization in smart water distribution systems.

Smart meters such as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) can significantly improve identifying realistic sized leaks in water distribution networks (WDNs). However, to date, detection/localization methods for AMI systems are extremely limited. In this study, to examine the benefits of using AMIs for leak detection within distribution network, a three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning (DL) model is proposed that can account for temporally and spatially distributed information of pressures.

Cognitive Training Using Virtual Reality: An Assessment of Usability and Adverse Effects.

Objective: To evaluate the usability and adverse effects associated with virtual reality (VR) cognitive training and identify factors influencing them.

Design: Survey-based observational study.

Setting: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in the hospital.

A Comprehensive and Comparative Review of Global Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines: 2024 Update.

Differences in demographics, medical expertise, and patient healthcare resources across countries have led to significant variations in guidelines. In light of these differences, in this review, we aimed to explore and compare the most recent updates to gastric cancer treatment from five guidelines that are available in English. These English-version guidelines, which have been recently published and updated for journal publication, include those published in South Korea in 2024, Japan in 2021, China in 2023, the United States in 2024, and Europe in 2024.

Conversion Therapy for Stage IV Gastric Cancer: Report From the Expert Consensus Meeting at KINGCA WEEK 2024.

Conversion therapy is a treatment strategy that shifts from palliative systemic therapy to curative surgical treatment for primary and/or metastatic stage IV gastric cancer (GC). To address its clinical statements, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association aims to present a consensus on conversion therapy among experts attending KINGCA WEEK 2024. The KINGCA Scientific Committee and Development Working Group for Korean Practice Guidelines prepared preformulated topics and 9 clinical statements for conversion therapy.

Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey on Surgically Treated Gastric Cancers in 2023.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023.

Materials And Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2024: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach (Update of 2022 Guideline).

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in both Korea and worldwide. Since 2004, the Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer have been regularly updated, with the 4th edition published in 2022. The 4th edition was the result of a collaborative work by an interdisciplinary team, including experts in gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, and guideline development methodology.

Freeze-Casting Mold-Based Scalable Synthesis of Directional Graphene Aerogels with Long-Range Pore Alignment for Energy Applications.

In various applications, the pore structure of a porous medium must be controlled to facilitate heat and mass transfer, which considerably influence the system performance. Freeze-casting is a versatile technique for creating aligned pores; However, because of the complexity of the associated equipment and the energy inefficiency of liquid-nitrogen-based cooling in a room-temperature environment, limits scalability for industrial applications. This study is aimed at establishing a novel freeze-casting strategy with a simple mold design combining heat-conductive and insulating materials for long-range pore alignment via directional ice growth under deep-freezing conditions, rendering it feasible for large-scale production.

The Future of MXenes: Exploring Oxidative Degradation Pathways and Coping with Surface/Edge Passivation Approach.

The MXene, which is usually transition metal carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, is one of the emerging family of 2D materials, exhibiting considerable potential across various research areas. Despite theoretical versatility, practical application of MXene is prohibited due to its spontaneous oxidative degradation. This review meticulously discusses the factors influencing the oxidation of MXenes, considering both thermodynamic and kinetic point of view.