Targeting to mitigate amyloid-β pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

SPI1, a transcription factor implicated in myeloid cell development, has emerged as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent in vivo studies reveal that knockdown in mice exacerbates AD pathology by increasing amyloid-β aggregation and gliosis while overexpression ameliorates these features. Transcriptomic analyses suggest that regulates microglial immune response, complement activation, and phagocytosis.

Nutraceutical Impact of Pumpkin Seed Oil on Expression Levels of EZH-2 and KRT-14 Genes against DSS-induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Rat Model.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a collection of intestinal disorders that cause inflammation in the digestive tract. Prolonged inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. The objective of this study was to fucus on gene expression levels of (KRT-14; associated with epithelial cell integrity) and enhancer of zeste homolog-1 (EZH-2; involved in cellular proliferation) in a IBD rat model in order to rule out impact of nutraceuticals (pumpkin seed oil; PSO) as a complementary approach to conventional treatments of IBD.

Exposure to smoking and greenspace are associated with allergy medicine use - A study of wastewaterin 28 cities of China.

Allergies have become an important public health issue as their occurrence is reportedly on the rise around the world. Exposure to environmental factors is considered as trigger for allergic diseases. However, there was limited data on the importance of each factor, particularly in China.

Exploring the dual roles of sec-dependent effectors from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in immunity of citrus plants.

The three SDEs of CLas were expressed in citrus leaves by AuNPs-PEI mediated transient expression system, and promoted the proliferation of CLas and inhibited citrus immunity. Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most severe bacterial disease of citrus caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). CLas suppress host immune responses and promote infection by sec-dependent effectors (SDEs), thus insight into HLB pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop effective management strategies.

Proteomic profiling identifies upregulation of aurora kinases causing resistance to taxane-type chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.

Nowadays, chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain the major treatment strategies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Identifying biomarkers to pre-select and subclassify TNBC patients with distinct chemotherapy responses is essential. In the current study, we performed an unbiased Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) on TNBC cells treated with chemotherapy compounds and found a leading significant increase of phosphor-AURKA/B/C, AURKA, AURKB, and PLK1, which fall into the mitotic kinase group.

Foliar application of nano biochar solution elevates tomato productivity by counteracting the effect of salt stress insights into morphological physiological and biochemical indices.

Nano-biochar considers a versatile and valuable sorbent to enhance plant productivity by improving soil environment and emerged as a novel solution for environmental remediation and sustainable agriculture in modern era. In this study, roles of foliar applied nanobiochar colloidal solution (NBS) on salt stressed tomato plants were investigated. For this purpose, NBS was applied (0%, 1% 3% and 5%) on two groups of plants (control 0 mM and salt stress 60 mM).

Carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals mediated flower-like zinc oxide for antimicrobial without activation of light.

Conventional light-driven antimicrobial strategies of zinc oxide (ZnO) are limited by inadequate illumination in dark environments. In this study, carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) mediated flower-like ZnO (C@Z) with self-promoted reactive oxygen species release under dark is fabricated. The adsorption of Zn ions on MCNC prompts the growth of ZnO along the (002) crystal plane, forming a flower-like hybrid with superior dispersibility and oxygen vacancies compared to MCNC-free ZnO, which exposes the (100) plane.

Chromosome-scale genomes of ecologically and economically important rabbitfish Siganus guttatus and Siganus oramin.

Siganus guttatus and Siganus oramin are two major species that are naturally distributed along the Eastern Pacific coast and possess considerable ecological and economic value. Here, we present the construction and comparative analysis of the chromosome-level genomes of these two Siganus species. Employing a hybrid assembly strategy, we partitioned and independently assembled the PacBio, Illumina and Hi-C reads of S.

The role of sulfidated zero-valent iron in enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge.

Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been confirmed in enhancing methane production by improving interspecies electron transfer during anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste activated sludge (WAS). In this study, we suppose that sulfidated zero-valent iron (S-ZVI), a semiconductor material, has better property of electron transfer in AD process. Based on two-phase anaerobic digestion process, nitrite and S-ZVI were used separately for improving acidogenic phase and methanogenic phase of anaerobic sludge digestion.

Abundance of non-toxic and low-level toxic Pseudo-nitzschia explains the low levels of neurotoxin domoic acid in Chinese coastal waters.

Domoic acid (DA), a well-known marine neurotoxin, is produced by toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species. However, the knowledge of DA in Chinese coastal waters remains limited, and the primary biological sources in these waters are still unknown. In this study, 200 surface phytoplankton samples were collected during summer and spring, covering the entire Chinese coastline.

HP1 Promotes the Centromeric Localization of ATRX and Protects Cohesion by Interfering Wapl Activity in Mitosis.

Background: α thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) serves as a part of the sucrose nonfermenting 2 (SNF2) chromatin-remodeling complex. In interphase, ATRX localizes to pericentromeric heterochromatin, contributing to DNA double-strand break repair, DNA replication, and telomere maintenance. During mitosis, most ATRX proteins are removed from chromosomal arms, leaving a pool near the centromere region in mammalian cells, which is critical for accurate chromosome congression and sister chromatid cohesion protection.

Planar Pentacoordinate Bromine in Global Minimum Br6Li5.

Delocalized multicenter bonds play a crucial role in clusters with a planar hypercoordinate center(s), making it difficult for highly electronegative elements, especially halogen atoms, to achieve the planar hypercoordinate arrangement. Herein, we introduce a star-like cluster Br6Li5-, whose global minimum contains a planar pentacoordinate bromine (ppBr). In this cluster, the central ppBr atom coordinates with five alkali metal Li atoms, which in turn bridge an equal number of electronegative Br atoms in the periphery, leading to the formation of the binary cluster Br6Li5-.

Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates.

Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is one of the most devastating pests in citrus orchards due to its role in transmitting Huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, chemical control remains the most effective strategy for ACP management. Mineral oils are commonly used as insecticides or adjuvants in integrated pest management (IPM) practices.

Toxicology Effects of Cadmium in : Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, Microbial Community, and Transcriptome Analysis.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses an important problem, but limited information is available about the toxicology effects of Cd on freshwater invertebrates. We investigated the accumulation, oxidative stress, microbial community changes, and transcriptomic alterations in apple snails ) under Cd stress. The snails were exposed to the 10 μg/L Cd solution for 16 days, followed by a 16-day elimination period.

Integrated Metabolome, Transcriptome, and Physiological Analysis of the Flavonoid and Phenylethanol Glycosides Accumulation in Wild Roots from Different Habitats.

, a traditional medicinal plant, is commonly found on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes of 3100-5200 m. Its primary active medicinal compounds, flavonoids and phenylethanol glycosides (PhGs), exhibit various pharmacological effects, including hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. This study analyzed flavonoid and PhG metabolites in the roots of collected from Henan County (HN), Guoluo County (GL), Yushu County (YS), and Chengduo County (CD) in Qinghai Province.

Annealing Study on Praseodymium-Doped Indium Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Transistors and Fabrication of Flexible Devices.

The praseodymium-doped indium zinc oxide (PrIZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) is promising for applications in flat-panel displays, due to its high carrier mobility and stability. Nevertheless, there are few studies on the mechanism of annealing on PrIZO films and the fabrication of flexible devices. In this work, we first optimized the annealing-process parameters on the glass substrate.

Proton Beam Therapy for Advanced Periocular Skin Cancer: An Eye-Sparing Approach.

The management of periocular skin malignancies presents a unique challenge. Proton beam therapy, due to its sharp dose fall-off, allows for the delivery of a tumoricidal dose to the tumor while sparing adjacent normal tissues. Thirteen patients with a median age of 76.

Butyric Acid Modulates Gut Microbiota to Alleviate Inflammation and Secondary Bone Loss in Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease that primarily affects the sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. While the exact pathogenetic mechanism of AS remains unclear, previous reports have highlighted the involvement of genetic factors, immune responses, and gut microbiota dysregulation in the development of this condition. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are microbial fermentation products derived from sugar, protein, and dietary fibers, play a role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function and reducing inflammatory responses.

Role of B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 11A in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis.

B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A (BCL11A) is a crucial transcriptional regulator, widely recognized for its role in controlling fetal hemoglobin and its potential as a gene therapy target for inherited hemoglobinopathies. Beyond this, recent studies have also highlighted its key role in the maturation and function of immune cells and erythrocytes, mediated through the regulation of various molecules during hematopoietic development. The dysregulation of BCL11A disrupts downstream molecular pathways, contributing to the development of several hematological malignancies, particularly leukemias.

The Effectiveness and Mechanisms of China's Grain Support Policies in Relation to Grain Yield-An Evaluation of a Wide Range of Policies.

Objective evaluation and in-depth systematic analysis of the effectiveness of implementing a grain support policy series represent an important entry point for improving incentives to grow food, improving grain production support and protection systems, and guaranteeing national food security. Thus, we collected and organized grain support policies during the study period according to the government work reports of 31 provinces in China from 2001 to 2022 and applied a two-way fixed-effects model based on the variables constructed using textual analysis to further explore the effects of a range of grain support policies on grain production gains. The conclusions are as follows: (1) grain support policies significantly contributed to an increase in grain production; (2) grain production gains from grain support policies are more pronounced in less industrialized and disaster-affected areas; (3) a mechanism analysis showed that grain support policies enhanced grain production by expanding the scale of food cultivation, upgrading agricultural mechanization, and strengthening soil erosion control; and (4) further analysis showed that grain support policies increased pesticide use.

Clinically oriented automatic three-dimensional enamel segmentation via deep learning.

Background: Establishing accurate, reliable, and convenient methods for enamel segmentation and analysis is crucial for effectively planning endodontic, orthodontic, and restorative treatments, as well as exploring the evolutionary patterns of mammals. However, no mature, non-destructive method currently exists in clinical dentistry to quickly, accurately, and comprehensively assess the integrity and thickness of enamel chair-side. This study aims to develop a deep learning work, 2.

Genomic and transcriptomic insights into vitamin A-induced thermogenesis and gene reuse as a cold adaptation strategy in wild boars.

Wild boars inhabit diverse climates, including frigid regions like Siberia, but their migration history and cold adaptation mechanisms into high latitudes remain poorly understood. We constructed the most comprehensive wild boar whole-genome variant dataset to date, comprising 124 samples from tropical to frigid zones, among which 47 Russian, 8 South Chinese and 3 Vietnamese wild boars were newly supplemented. We also gathered 75 high-quality RNA-seq datasets from 10 tissues of 6 wild boars from Russia and 6 from southern China.

Silicon-based all-solid-state batteries operating free from external pressure.

Silicon-based all-solid-state batteries offer high energy density and safety but face significant application challenges due to the requirement of high external pressure. In this study, a LiSi/Si-LiSi double-layered anode is developed for all-solid-state batteries operating free from external pressure. Under the cold-pressed sintering of LiSi alloys, the anode forms a top layer (LiSi layer) with mixed ionic/electronic conduction and a bottom layer (Si-LiSi layer) containing a three-dimensional continuous conductive network.