Incidence of serum sickness following Indian polyvalent antivenom therapy in a cohort of snake-envenomed patients in rural Sri Lanka.

Introduction: Serum sickness is a poorly reported delayed adverse reaction following snake antivenom therapy. We aimed to assess the frequency of serum sickness associated with administering Indian polyvalent antivenom in Sri Lanka.

Methods: We recruited patients from the Anuradhapura snakebite cohort who were admitted to a rural tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka over one year period.

Community-based alcohol education intervention (THEATRE) study to reduce harmful effects of alcohol in rural Sri Lanka: design and adaptation of a mixed-methods stepped wedge cluster randomised control trial.

Introduction: Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity and adverse social sequelae in Sri Lanka. Effective community-based, culturally adapted or context-specific interventions are required to minimise these harms. We designed a mixed-methods stepped wedge cluster randomised control trial of a complex alcohol intervention.

Clinical and psychosocial factors associated with domestic violence among men and women in Kandy, Sri Lanka.

Domestic violence (DV) is a violation of human rights with adverse intergenerational consequences on physical and mental health. Clinical and psychosocial correlates of DV have been documented internationally, but evidence from South Asia is limited, especially among men. This is a nested cross-sectional study of the control population (N = 856) of a large case-control study in Kandy, Sri Lanka.

Impact of a clinical pharmacist on optimising the quality use of medicines according to the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary prevention guidelines and medication adherence following discharge in patients with ACS in Sri Lanka: a prospective non-randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Objectives: Ensuring quality use of medicines (QUM) through clinical pharmacy services can improve therapeutic outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The major objective of this study is to demonstrate the added value of a clinical pharmacist to the medical and nursing team providing care to patients with ACS on the continuation of quality use of the patients' medicine after discharge.

Study Design: This protocol outlines a prospective, non-blinded, non-randomised, controlled interventional study.

A novel therapeutic effect of mannitol-rich extract from the brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium using in vitro and in vivo models.

Background: Wound healing is an active, complex, integrated series of cellular, physiological, and biochemical changes initiated by the stimulus of injury in a tissue. The present study was performed to investigate the potential wound healing abilities of Sargassum ilicifolium crude extracts (CE) that were characterized by H NMR and FTIR Spectrometric measurements.

Materials And Methods: Seaweed samples were collected from southern coastal sites of Sri Lanka.

A prospective study of snakebite in a tertiary care hospital in south-western Nepal.

Background: Snakebite is a neglected public health issue in Nepal. We aimed to characterize patients with snake envenoming admitted to hospital in south-western Nepal.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 476 snakebite patients admitted to Bheri Hospital from May to December 2017.

Dose ingested, vomiting, and outcome in patients ingesting a standard paraquat 20SL formulation.

Background: FAO specifications for liquid paraquat dichloride SL formulations require the use of an emetic agent to stimulate vomiting within 30 min of ingestion. To date, there is no high-quality evidence of efficacy, despite use of the PP796 emetic since 1979. We first examined the validity of patients' self-reported dose of paraquat ingested by examining the relationship with blood paraquat concentration and time to death for patients ingesting the standard paraquat SL formulation in a Sri Lankan cohort.

Epidemiology and renal injury following 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) poisoning.

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) is a widely used chlorophenoxy herbicide. MCPA poisoning causes mitochondrial dysfunction, which can lead to kidney injury and death. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology, case fatality and extent of renal injury in a large cohort of MCPA self-poisonings.

Does snake envenoming cause chronic kidney disease? A cohort study in rural Sri Lanka.

Background: There is limited information on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) following snakebite and its relationship with chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC). We aimed to investigate CKD in patients with a confirmed snakebite in rural Sri Lanka.

Methods: Patients prospectively recruited to the Anuradhapura snakebite cohort with authenticated bites were followed up.

Comparative analysis of proximate compositions, mineral and functional chemical groups of 15 different seaweed species.

Seaweed is a popular edible source and is associated with many foods and pharmaceutical industries around the world. The current research aims to provide information on the chemical composition of 15 seaweed species, consisted of Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta/Phaeophyceae, and Rhodophyta macroalgae, collected from coastal areas of Sri Lanka. Seaweed samples were subjected to the analysis of lipids, proteins, ash and macro, micro, trace and ultra-trace elements.

Comparison of bedside clotting tests for detecting venom-induced consumption coagulopathy following Sri Lankan viper envenoming.

Background: The whole blood clotting test (WBCT) is commonly used for diagnosing venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) in resource-poor settings. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the WBCT and capillary blood clotting test (CBCT) for detecting VICC in viper envenoming in Sri Lanka.

Methods: All confirmed snakebites admitted to Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura from July 2020 to June 2021 were included.

Relationship Between Alcohol Co-Ingestion and Clinical Outcome in Pesticide Self-Poisoning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: Alcohol is a commonly co-ingested compound during self-poisoning with pesticides. Clinical experiences suggest alcohol co-ingestion (or withdrawal) makes patient management more difficult after self-poisoning and may contribute to poor clinical outcomes. We aimed to systematically review the world literature to explore the relationship between alcohol co-ingestion and outcome in pesticide self-poisoning.

Long-term health effects perceived by snakebite patients in rural Sri Lanka: A cohort study.

The acute effects of snakebite are often emphasized, with less information on long-term effects. We aimed to describe the long-term health effects perceived by patients followed up after confirmed snakebites. Two groups of snakebite patients (>18y) from the Anuradhapura snakebite cohort were reviewed: Group I had a snakebite during August 2013-October 2014 and was reviewed after 4 years, and group II had a snakebite during May 2017-August 2018, and was reviewed after one year.

Acute fungicide self-poisoning - a prospective case series.

Background: Pesticide self-poisoning is a global clinical and public health problem. While self-poisoning with insecticides and herbicides has been extensively studied, there is minimal literature on acute fungicide self-poisoning. We aimed to study the clinical course and outcome of fungicide self-poisoned patients recruited to a prospective cohort in Sri Lanka.

In Vitro Neutralization of the Myotoxicity of Australian Mulga Snake () and Sri Lankan Russell's Viper () Venoms by Australian and Indian Polyvalent Antivenoms.

We studied the neutralisation of Sri Lankan Russell's viper () and Australian mulga snake () venom-induced myotoxicity by Indian (Vins and Bharat) and Australian (Seqirus) polyvalent antivenoms, using the in vitro chick biventer skeletal muscle preparation. Prior addition of Bharat or Vins antivenoms abolished venom (30 µg/mL)-mediated inhibition of direct twitches, while Australian polyvalent antivenom was not protective. Bharat antivenom prevented, while Vins and Australian polyvalent antivenoms partially prevented, the inhibition of responses to exogenous KCl.

Barriers to help-seeking from healthcare professionals amongst women who experience domestic violence - a qualitative study in Sri Lanka.

Background: Domestic violence (DV) is a major global public health problem which is associated with significant adverse consequences. Although Sri Lankan women who experience DV receive treatment from healthcare professionals (HCPs) for DV related physical and psychological problems, disclosure of DV within health services is quite low. This study explored barriers to disclosure of DV to HCPs among Sri Lankan women who experience DV.