Mapping the Transition of Adolescents to Adult HIV Care: A Mixed-Methods Perspective from the Cape Town Metropole, South Africa.

(1) Background: Globally, an estimated 1.7 million adolescents (aged 10-19 years) were living with HIV in 2023, with 82% residing in sub-Saharan Africa. For ALHIV, transitioning to adult care involves assuming responsibility for their own health and disease management, posing significant challenges to persistent engagement in care.

Fungal Biocontrol Agents in the Management of Postharvest Losses of Fresh Produce-A Comprehensive Review.

Postharvest decay of vegetables and fruits presents a significant threat confronting sustainable food production worldwide, and in the recent times, applying synthetic fungicides has become the most popular technique of managing postharvest losses. However, there are concerns and reported proofs of hazardous impacts on consumers' health and the environment, traceable to the application of chemical treatments as preservatives on fresh produce. Physical methods, on the other hand, cause damage to fresh produce, exposing it to even more infections.

Dynamics and Insights into the Unique Ecological Guild of Fungi in Bacteria-Bioaugmented Anaerobic Digesters.

Anaerobic digesters host a variety of microorganisms, and they work together to produce biogas. While bacterial and archaeal communities have been well explored using molecular techniques, fungal community structures remain relatively understudied. The present study aims to investigate the dynamics and potential ecological functions of the predominant fungi in bacteria-bioaugmented anaerobic digesters.

Validation of Putative Effector Genes in Different Host Peach () Cultivars and Defense Response Investigation.

is the most common and destructive brown rot agent on peaches. Knowledge of gene expression mediating host-pathogen interaction is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. putative virulence factors have been predicted by genome investigations.

The Use of Specific Non- Yeasts as Sustainable Biocontrol Solutions Against on Apples and Strawberries.

Apples and strawberries hold significant commercial and nutritional value but face pre- and post-harvest spoilage due to infections by While spoilage is conventionally managed using synthetic chemicals, there is a growing interest in utilising yeasts as biological control agents. This study aimed to assess the antifungal potential of non- yeasts , , and against three strains (B05.10, IWBT-FF1, and PPRI 30807) on agar plates and in post-harvest trials on apples and strawberries.

Diversity, Distribution, and Evolution of Bioluminescent Fungi.

All known bioluminescent fungi are basidiomycetes belonging to the Agaricales. They emit 520-530 nm wavelength light 24 h per day in a circadian rhythm. The number of known bioluminescent fungi has more than doubled in the past 15 years from 64 to 132 species.

A Critical Review of the Hydrometallurgy and Pyrometallurgical Recovery Processes of Platinum Group Metals from End-of-Life Fuel Cells.

Recently, the recovery of metals extracted from the spent membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) of fuel cells has attracted significant scientific attention due to its detrimental environmental impacts. Two major approaches, i.e.

Psychosocial Distress and the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients in Rural Hospitals in Limpopo Province: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are associated with substantial physical, psychological, and social morbidity for most patients. Distress can be seen as an unpleasant experience of an emotional, psychological, social, or spiritual nature that interferes with the ability to cope with cancer treatment.

Purpose: The aim was to understand patients' experiences of distress in their context and to analyze and interpret the findings.

Anatomical Facial Characteristics of Teeth and Tooth Analysis.

This study aimed to document the angulation, inclination, and facial anatomical characteristics of teeth in a select South African population to determine if there are any population norms. Digital intra-oral scans were used, to analyze the morphology of teeth and measure the facial clinical crown. : A quantitative observational research design with 60 3D intra-oral scans of a select South African population group was used.

Exploring microRNA-Mediated Immune Responses to Soil-Transmitted Helminth and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Co-Infections.

Over the last two decades, the field of microRNA (miRNA) research has grown significantly. MiRNAs are a class of short, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Thereby, miRNAs regulate various essential biological processes including immunity.

Metagenomic Insights into Pollutants in Biorefinery and Dairy Wastewater: rDNA Dominance and Electricity Generation in Double Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells.

This study evaluates the potential of biorefinery and dairy wastewater as substrates for electricity generation in double chamber Microbial Fuel Cells (DCMFC), focusing on their microbial taxonomy and electrochemical viability. Taxonomic analysis using 16S/18S rDNA-targeted DGGE and high-throughput sequencing identified Proteobacteria as dominant in biorefinery biomass, followed by Firmicutes and Bacteriodota. In dairy biomass, Lactobacillus (77.

Fabrication with Characterization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Film Transistor (CNT-TFT) by Spin Coating Method for Flat Panel Display.

Background: Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) are increasingly prevalent electrical components in display products, ranging from smartphones to diagonal flat panel TVs. The limitations in existing TFT technologies, such as high-temperature processing, carrier mobility, lower ON/OFF ratio, device mobility, and thermal stability, result in the search for new semiconductor materials with superior properties.

Objective: The main objective of this present work is to fabrícate the efficient Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Film Transistor (TFT) for flat panel display.

Children's palliative care perceptions and educational needs among healthcare professionals in humanitarian settings.

Objectives: Explore humanitarian healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions about implementing children's palliative care and to identify their educational needs and challenges, including learning topics, training methods, and barriers to education.

Methods: Humanitarian HCPs were interviewed about perspectives on children's palliative care and preferences and needs for training. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and arranged into overarching themes.

Impact of crop commercialization on multidimensional poverty in rural Ethiopia: propensity score approach.

Introduction: Reducing poverty through crop commercialization is one of the antipoverty efforts that helps promote health. This study explored the prevalence and the causal relationship between crop commercialization and rural Ethiopian households' multidimensional poverty using multilevel data.

Methods: The study uses data from the most recent nationally representative Ethiopian socioeconomic survey 2018/19 to calculate the rural multidimensional poverty index using the Alkire and Foster technique.

Machine learning and molecular dynamics simulations predict potential TGR5 agonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.

Introduction: Treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a significant challenge because of its multifactorial nature and complex metabolic pathways. There is growing interest in finding new therapeutic targets that could lead to safer and more effective treatment options. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) is a promising antidiabetic target that plays a key role in metabolic regulation, especially in glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure.

Expert Consensus Methods In The Humanities: An Exploration of their Potential.

Background: Despite the significant role of consensus and dissensus in knowledge production, formal approaches to consensus are notably less common in the humanities compared to their frequent application in natural, social, and life sciences. This article therefore explores the potential of expert consensus methods in humanities-related research.

Methods: In order to do so, an interdisciplinary team of both sciences researchers experienced in consensus methods and researchers familiar with the domain of the humanities and epistemology, conducted a literary review and exchanged their expertise in multiple brainstorm sessions.

The Concept of Pain in Children Attending Primary School: Implications for School-Based Pain Education.

A child's concept of pain comprises their understanding of what pain is, the purpose of pain, and biological processes underpinning pain. The concept of pain can influence pain experiences, pain beliefs, and pain-related behaviour. This study aimed to assess the concept of pain among children attending primary schools in Gqeberha in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Animal models in biomedical research: Relevance of .

Animal models have become veritable tools in gaining insight into the pathogenesis and progression of several human diseases. These models could range in complexity from to non-human primates. With the aid of these animal models, a lot of new knowledge has been gained about several diseases which otherwise would not have been possible.

Advancements in integral inequalities of Ostrowski type via modified Atangana-Baleanu fractional integral operator.

Convexity and fractional integral operators are closely related due to their fascinating properties in the mathematical sciences. In this article, we first establish an identity for the modified Atangana-Baleanu (MAB) fractional integral operators. Using this identity, we then apply Jensen integral inequality, Young's inequality, power-mean inequality, and Hölder inequality to prove several new generalizations of Ostrowski type inequality for the convexity of .

Bibliometric analysis of teen pregnancy research in Asia-Africa: Explore the future scope.

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is prevalent in Asian-African countries. Hence, it is critical to track the progress of research and development trends related to the topic. The study aimed to characterize published articles on teen pregnancy by measuring the authors' country and affiliation, most relevant and cited journals, thematic research, and growth trends.

Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Children in South Africa: Reference Values for the Vicorder Device.

Atherosclerosis often starts in childhood, tracking to adulthood. In children, early vascular disease can be detected as arterial stiffness. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is considered the non-invasive gold standard method for measuring arterial stiffness and widely accepted for use in children.

Determinants of prolonged exclusive breastfeeding among children aged 6-23 months in 21 sub-saharan African countries: evidence from nationally representative data.

Background: Under-five mortality and malnutrition are more common in many low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the grave consequences of improper nutrition for children. Infants that continue to be exclusively breastfed after six months are considered to be engaging in prolonged exclusive breastfeeding. Children with prolonged exclusive breastfeeding are more susceptible to anemia, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies.

Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of a social network-based, peer-led HIV self-testing intervention among men in two Ugandan fishing communities, 2022.

Background: Social network-based interventions can improve uptake of health interventions. However, limited evidence exists on their feasibility and acceptability in fishing community settings. We assessed the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of a social network-based, peer-led HIV self-testing (HIVST) intervention among men in Uganda.

Exploring the hurdles of implementing National School Health Policy in Namibian Schools: insights from stakeholders.

This qualitative research study explores stakeholders' perspectives on the challenges of implementing Namibia's National School Health Policy (NSHP) in schools. The interview guide used for this study was specifically developed to address the research objectives and themes. A total of 20 stakeholders participated, including educators, nurses, principals, and health program administrators from three regions in Namibia.