The prognostic importance of cathepsin D and E-cadherin in early breast cancer: A single-institution experience.

Molecular tools have increasingly been used for decision-making in patients with early breast cancer (EBC). Nevertheless, simple tools such as immunohistochemistry may still be required in particular cases to complement traditional and molecular prognosticators. In this study, the prognostic significance of three well-known immunohistochemical biomarkers, cathepsin D, E-cadherin and Ki67, was studied in 270 patients with EBC, followed by a median time of 126 months in a single institution.

Novel use of an exchange catheter to facilitate intubation with an Aintree catheter in a tall patient with a predicted difficult airway: a case report.

Introduction: The Aintree intubating catheter (Cook® Medical Inc., Bloomington, IN, USA) has been shown to successfully facilitate difficult intubations when other methods have failed. The Aintree intubating catheter (Cook® Medical Inc.

β2 adrenergic-mediated reduction of blood glutamate levels and improved neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats.

Background: Isoflurane-anesthetized rats subjected to traumatic brain injury (TBI) show a transient reduction in blood L-glutamate levels. Having previously observed that isoproterenol produces a sustained decrease in blood glutamate levels in naive rats, we investigated the possible effects of nonselective and selective β1 and β2 adrenergic agonists and antagonists both on blood glutamate levels and on the neurological outcomes of rats subjected to TBI.

Methods: Rats received either 10 mL/kg of isotonic saline 1 hour after TBI, 50 µg/kg of isoproterenol pretreatment 30 minutes before TBI, 10 mg/kg of propranolol pretreatment 60 minutes before TBI, 10 mg/kg of metoprolol pretreatment 60 minutes before TBI, or 10 mg/kg of butaxamine pretreatment 40 minutes before TBI and 10 minutes before pretreatment with 50 µg/kg isoproterenol or 10 mg/kg of propranolol 60 minutes after TBI.

Collateral blood flow can predict myocardial blush grade in primary coronary intervention.

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate whether collateral flow may predict myocardial blush grade (MBG) in acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: No-reflow is a well known phenomenon associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to underperfused myocardium; therefore early prediction of no-reflow is of major importance. We have observed that in patients with good collateral filling of the infarct related artery as seen prior to primary angioplasty, the clearance of the contrast medium from the myocardium may be impaired.

Blocking adenosine A2A receptor reduces peritoneal fibrosis in two independent experimental models.

Background: Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is associated with peritoneal fibrosis and loss of function. It has been shown that activation of the adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) promotes tissue repair, wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We have previously shown that adenosine is a potent regulator of inflammation in the peritoneum.

Neutrophils transiently infiltrate intra-abdominal fat early in the course of high-fat feeding.

Chronic inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity is by now an established phenomenon, but the initiating event(s) of the inflammatory cascade are still unknown. We hypothesized that neutrophil infiltration into adipose tissue may precede macrophage infiltration as in classical immune responses. Here we demonstrate that early (3 and 7 days) after initiating high-fat feeding of C57BL/6J mice, neutrophils transiently infiltrate the parenchyma of intra-abdominal adipose tissue.

Effect of phenotype on health care costs in Crohn's disease: A European study using the Montreal classification.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract associated with life-long high health care costs. We aimed to determine the effect of disease phenotype on cost.

Methods: Clinical and economic data of a community-based CD cohort with 10-year follow-up were analyzed retrospectively in relation to Montreal classification phenotypes.

Cost analysis and cost determinants in a European inflammatory bowel disease inception cohort with 10 years of follow-up evaluation.

Background & Aims: Economic analysis in chronic diseases is a prerequisite for planning a proper distribution of health care resources. We aimed to determine the cost of inflammatory bowel disease, a lifetime illness with considerable morbidity.

Methods: We studied 1321 patients from an inception cohort in 8 European countries and Israel over 10 years.

Adenosine is upregulated during peritonitis and is involved in downregulation of inflammation.

Loss of function of the peritoneal membrane is associated with peritonitis. Adenosine levels in sites of inflammation were shown to increase and exhibit immunoregulatory effects. Our aim was to elucidate the regulatory role of adenosine during peritonitis and to test the involvement of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC) in adenosine regulation.

Does nonarticlar tenderness change after bariatric surgery?

Background: A previous study reported an association between obesity and increased tenderness. However, the effect of weight reduction on tenderness is not known. The aim of the study was to assess tenderness thresholds before and after bariatric surgery.

Dermoid cyst of the maxilla.

Dermoid cysts of the jaw bones are very rare. A case of an intraosseous dermoid cyst of the maxilla of a 5-year-old-male is reported. The possible origins are described.

Eruption cyst in the adult--a case report.

A case of eruption cyst in the right maxilla of a 40-year-old female is reported.

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and Na+ channel subunits mRNA transcripts, and Cl- efflux, show a different distribution in rat duodenum and colon.

Aim: We compared the distribution and putative association of Cl- channel transport, CFTR mRNA transcripts, and Na+ channel (ENaC) alpha- and beta-subunit mRNA transcripts in villus and crypt epithelial cells of duodenum, with corresponding surface and crypt cells of colon from sodium-depleted rats.

Methods: Cells were loaded with 36Cl- and forskolin-stimulated efflux was determined. RT-PCR was performed for CFTR mRNA transcripts and ENaC alpha- and beta-subunit mRNA.

Anti-D exerts a very early response in childhood acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Acute idiopathic (immune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in the pediatric population is a disease in which autoimmune features are mainly self-limited, with a reported mortality of 0.1-0.5%.

Genes for personality traits: implications for psychopathology.

Although 30-60% of the variance in many personality traits is inherited, until recently, little was known about the genes responsible. Preliminary studies of family history in bipolar disorder and of X-linkage of personality traits in colour-blindness suggested a 'quantitative trait locus' (QTL) approach to the genetics of normal personality. In methodically similar but independent studies of 124 Israeli and 315 American normal volunteers, an association was found between the dopamine D4 receptor gene (D4DR) and the personality trait of novelty-seeking.

[Intraventricular hemorrhage in full-term neonates].

Intraventricular hemorrhage in full-term neonates is rare; it may develop without any clinical signs. Its cause is not fully understood although some risk factors have been identified. A higher index of suspicion would ensure earlier diagnosis and treatment, which might reduce the rate of severe complications.

Manifestations of three HHV-8-related diseases in an HIV-negative patient: immunoblastic variant multicentric Castleman's disease, primary effusion lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma.

We describe a 73-year-old HIV negative patient who presented with symptomatic hypoglycemia. Over the course of several months she was diagnosed with three human herpesvirus-8 related diseases: multicentric Castleman's disease, primary effusion lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. No improvement was observed following cytotoxic therapy and she died 16 months after her initial presentation.

Production of interleukin-1-like molecules by human sperm cells.

Objective: To characterize and localize interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta in human sperm cells.

Design: Prospective and comparative study.

Setting: Andrology clinic of a university hospital.

Early peripheral lymph node involvement of human herpesvirus 8-associated, body cavity-based lymphoma in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient.

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), or Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a gamma herpesvirus first detected in a specimen of Kaposi sarcoma from a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient. Human herpesvirus 8 is also found in an unusual clinicopathologic form of body cavity-based B-cell lymphoma, which has been named primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and occurs primarily in HIV-positive patients. PEL is characterized by the formation of lymphomatous effusions, without obvious lymphadenopathy, tumor masses, or bone marrow involvement.

Oligohydramnion, renal failure and no pulmonary hypoplasia in glomerulocystic kidney disease.

Two newborns with glomerulocystic kidney disease manifesting as late onset oligohydramnion and neonatal anuria, yet without severe respiratory distress, are presented. They had a similar perinatal course and associated clinical manifestations. No associated congenital or inherited malformation syndrome could be defined.

Perinatal vasoconstrictive renal insufficiency associated with maternal nimesulide use.

A full-term newborn developed oliguric renal failure at 24 hr of life, which persisted for several days. Her mother ingested therapeutic doses of nimesulide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor) drug, during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy. She was found at delivery to have developed oligohydramnion, esophagitis, and a bleeding peptic ulcer.

Infective endocarditis in a tertiary-care hospital in southern Israel.

During the years 1980-1994, 84 patients were treated in our institution due to suspected infective endocarditis (IE). Seventy-one of these episodes occurring in 71 patients, classified definite or possible according to the Duke criteria, were retrospectively analyzed in this study. There were 52 cases of native valve endocarditis, 7 cases of early prosthetic valve endocarditis, and 12 cases of late prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Growth hormone receptor antagonism prevents early renal changes in nonobese diabetic mice.

The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is involved in diabetic renal disease. The role of a specific GH receptor (GHR) antagonist in the development of early renal changes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice was investigated. Female diabetic (nonketotic) NOD mice treated with a polyethylene glycol-treated GHR antagonist (2 mg/kg, every other day) (DA group) or saline (D group) and their nonhyperglycemic age-matched littermates (control animals) were euthanized 3 wk after the onset of diabetes.

Otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis in children.

Introduction: The clinical picture of lateral sinus thrombosis (LST) has changed with the advent of antibiotics, as have the utility of various diagnostic tests. LST may appear in children as a complication of acute otitis media, but nowadays it is more frequently encountered in adults with long-standing chronic ear disease.

Method: A retrospective study of all the pediatric patients with LST between 1982 and 1997.

Lipoic acid acutely induces hypoglycemia in fasting nondiabetic and diabetic rats.

Lipoic acid (LA) is a unique antioxidant that increases peripheral glucose utilization in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to investigate whether the inhibition of glucose production could be an additional mechanism for the action of LA. Intravenous (i.