Multicultural doula support and obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a multi-centre comparative study in Norway.

Background: Migrant women face an increased risk of poor obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Norway implemented a multicultural doula (MCD) program in 2018, which was designed to improve pregnancy care for this group in vulnerable circumstances. This study aimed to assess the impact of MCD support, provided in addition to standard care, on obstetric and neonatal outcomes for selected newly arrived migrants.

Health-related quality of life and its association with socioeconomic status and mental health in 5- to 7-year-old children: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Assessing socioeconomic status (SES), mental health, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young children is crucial for making informed health care decisions and identifying areas of intervention. The present study aimed to investigate potential associations between SES, mental health, and HRQoL in 5-7-year-old children.

Method: The present study included mother-reported health assessments for 621 children aged 5-7 years in Grade 1 collected between 2019 and 2023 as part of the Starting Right™ project.

Long-term Prognosis of Patellar Tendinopathy (Jumper's Knee) in Young, Elite Volleyball Players: Tendon Changes 11 Years After Baseline.

Background: The long-term prognosis of jumper's knee and whether structural changes in the patellar tendon persist is unknown.

Purpose: To investigate whether limitations in knee function and structural changes persisted beyond the athletic career of young elite volleyball players.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Periprosthetic bone mineral density, assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, following arthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fracture: 5-year outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The relationship between the surgical approach used for hemiarthroplasty and periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) is not well understood. We have previously described a decrease in BMD 1 year postoperatively. Here, we assessed the medium-term changes in periprosthetic BMD.

Food consumption patterns, seasonal dietary diversity, and factors affecting food intake in rural Eastern Uganda: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study.

This mixed-methods cross-sectional study examines food consumption patterns, dietary diversity, and factors affecting food intake and malnutrition in the rural Mbale District in Eastern Uganda, during both wet and dry seasons. Participants (n = 100; 66% females) completed a food frequency questionnaire identifying foods and beverages consumed in the preceding 12 months. Individual interviews (n = 8) were conducted with key workers.

Protocol of a randomised controlled multicentre trial investigating the effectiveness and safety of a wilderness programme on the mental and physical well-being of adolescents and young adults affected by cancer: the WAYA-2 study.

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) affected by cancer are an understudied group. Effective interventions are needed to support coping with the late effects of cancer, its treatment and to promote quality of life. Nature-based interventions may be promising in support of the self-management and health of AYAs affected by cancer.

Evaluation of sex inequity in lung-cancer-specific survival.

Background: Whether sex is an independent prognostic factor in lung cancer survival is the subject of ongoing debate. Both large national registries and single hospital studies have shown conflicting findings. In this study, we explore the impact of sex on lung-cancer-specific survival in an unselected population that is well-characterized with respect to stage and other covariates.

Assessment of volume flow rate in arteriovenous fistulas with a novel ultrasound Doppler device (earlybird): Trend analysis, comparison of methods, and inter- and intra-rater reliability.

Background: An accessible tool is required to analyze volume flow trends in arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Earlybird, an easy-to-place ultrasound Doppler device, has shown comparable accuracy to duplex ultrasound. In this study, we compared volume flow measurements obtained with duplex ultrasound and the dilution technique to an enhanced earlybird device, featuring a dual Doppler probe system, eliminating the requirement for a known insonation angle.

Intervention for reducing the overuse of upper endoscopy in patients <45 years: a protocol for a stepwise intervention programme.

Utilisation rates for healthcare services vary widely both within and between nations. Moreover, healthcare providers with insurance-based reimbursement systems observe an effect of social determinants of health on healthcare utilisation rates and outcomes. Even in countries with publicly funded universal healthcare such as Norway, utilisation rates for medical and surgical interventions vary between and within health regions and hospitals.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: Long-term follow-up data from Norway.

Background: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potent treatment option for patients with aggressive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Objective: To evaluate long-term outcomes of HSCT in MS.

Methods: National retrospective single-center observational study of patients with aggressive RRMS that underwent HSCT in Norway from January 2015 to January 2018.

Women's experiences with planned singleton upright breech birth - A phenomenological study.

Objective: To explore the experience of primi- and multiparous women with planned singleton upright breech births.

Method: We conducted face-to-face, in-depth interviews with five primiparous and five multiparous women who underwent a physiological breech birth at one hospital in Norway and analyzed the data using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological method.

Results: The phenomenon of women's experiences with physiological breech birth yielded four main constituents: "Mental preparedness and control", "The importance of shared decision-making and sufficient information", "Trust and the many 'faces' of birthing staff", and "'I actually did it!': Coping and control in the upright breech position".

Somali women's perceptions and experiences of pain and pain relief during childbirth in Norway: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Research shows that Somali women are less likely to receive epidural analgesia for labor pain compared to non-immigrant women in Norway. It is unclear why. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of Somali women regarding pain relief during childbirth.

Ipilimumab and nivolumab combined with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: a randomized phase 2b trial.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown minimal clinical activity in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (HRmBC). Doxorubicin and low-dose cyclophosphamide are reported to induce immune responses and counter regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here, we report the efficacy and safety of combined programmed cell death protein-1/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade concomitant with or after immunomodulatory chemotherapy for HRmBC.

Peri-Operative Mortality and Survival After Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Advanced Age Patients: A National Study from the Norwegian Registry for Vascular Surgery Focused on Nonagenarians.

Objective: Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in nonagenarians has become more frequent. This national observational cohort study aimed to investigate peri-operative mortality and survival after AAA surgery in nonagenarians in Norway.

Methods: All AAA repairs registered in the Norwegian Registry for Vascular Surgery from 2015 to 2021 were identified and stratified into nonagenarians > 90 years old (n = 77), octogenarians 80 - 89 years old (n = 1 362), and patients < 80 years old (n = 4 590).

A Comparison of Risk Classification Systems of Colorectal Adenomas: A Case-Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Because post-polypectomy surveillance uses a growing proportion of colonoscopy capacity, more targeted surveillance is warranted. We therefore compared surveillance burden and cancer detection using 3 different adenoma classification systems.

Methods: In a case-cohort study among individuals who had adenomas removed between 1993 and 2007, we included 675 individuals with colorectal cancer (cases) diagnosed a median of 5.

Impact of prebiopsy MRI on prostate cancer staging: Results from the Norwegian Prostate Cancer Registry.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the 2015 introduction of prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate (MRI-P) as the standard of care for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa) by the Norwegian public health care authorities. There were three specific objectives of this study: first, to evaluate the consequences of using different TNM manuals for clinical T-staging (cT-staging) in a national setting; second, to determine if the data reveals that MRI-P based cT-staging is superior to digital rectal examination (DRE)-based cT-staging compared with pathological T-stage (pT-stage) post radical prostatectomy; and third, to assess whether treatment allocations have changed over time.

Materials And Methods: All patients registered in the Norwegian Prostate Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2021 were retrieved and 5538 were eligible for inclusion.

HPV self-sampling among long-term non-attenders to cervical cancer screening in Norway: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Background: Cervical cancer screening participation is suboptimal in most settings. We assessed whether human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling may increase screening participation among long-term non-attenders in Norway.

Methods: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial with participation as the primary outcome was initiated in the national cervical screening programme in March 2019.