Serum Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Metabolic Alterations Prior to a Diagnosis with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer among Chinese Community Residents: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study.

The present high mortality of lung cancer in China stems mainly from the lack of feasible, non-invasive and early disease detection biomarkers. Serum metabolomics profiling to reveal metabolic alterations could expedite the disease detection process and suggest those patients who are harboring disease. Using a nested case-control design, we applied ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based serum metabolomics to reveal the metabolomic alterations and to indicate the presence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using serum samples collected prior to disease diagnoses.

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and incidence of active tuberculosis in school close contacts in Shanghai, China: Baseline and follow-up results of a prospective cohort study.

Background: The management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key action for the realization of the "End tuberculosis (TB) Strategy" worldwide, and it is important to identify priority populations. In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated the prevalence of LTBI and incidence of active TB among close contacts and explored the suitable TB control strategy in schools.

Methods: We designed a cohort with 2 years of follow-up, recruiting freshman/sophomore TB patients' close contacts from three administrative districts in Shanghai.

Association between four nontraditional lipids and ischemic stroke: a cohort study in Shanghai, China.

Background: The correlation between nontraditional lipids and ischemic stroke (IS) is inconsistent and controversial. This study aimed to examine the association of four nontraditional lipids with IS risk in Chinese adults.

Methods: This prospective community-based cohort study was performed in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China.

Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, Time to Pregnancy, and Pregnancy Outcomes among Preconception Couples: A Cohort Study in Shanghai, China.

Background: The role of vitamin D in reproductive health is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), among preconception couples, on fecundity, and the associations between 25(OH)D concentrations before and during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: 200 preconception couples attempting to conceive were recruited and were followed-up until childbirth.

Genomic surveillance of coxsackievirus A10 reveals genetic features and recent appearance of genogroup D in Shanghai, China, 2016-2020.

Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). To investigate the epidemiological characteristics as well as genetic features of CVA10 currently circulating in Shanghai, China, we collected a total of 9,952 sporadic HFMD cases from January 2016 to December 2020. In the past five years, CVA10 was the fourth prevalent causatives associated with HFMD in Shanghai and the overall positive rate was 2.

Association between Reproductive Factors and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Introduction: The available studies on the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and menopause report conflicting results. (2) Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of menopausal status, age at menopause, and length of the reproductive period with T2DM. (3) Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of the 'China Eastern Cohort Study', which is a community-based cohort study.

Low ambient temperature as a novel risk factor of oral diseases: A time-series study.

Background: The seasonal variation of oral diseases has been observed in life, but the influences of oral diseases associated with non-optimal ambient temperature were unknown.

Objective: To examine whether non-optimum ambient temperature is associated with increased risks of oral diseases.

Methods: We conducted a time series study based on outpatient data from the Shanghai Health Information Center, containing all public hospitals in Shanghai from 2016 to 2019.

Early-Life Exposure to Famine and Risk of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Adults.

Background: Early-life exposure to the Chinese famine has been related to the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease later in life. Nevertheless, the long-term impact of famine exposure on metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a recently proposed term to describe liver disease associated with known metabolic dysfunction, remains unknown. The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between early famine exposure and MAFLD in adulthood.

[Association of hyperuricemia with risk of incident chronic kidney disease in adult in Songjiang district, Shanghai: a follow-up study].

To evaluate the association of hyperuricemia with the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in community adults. A community-based follow-up study comprising of 7 276 adults aged 20-74 years who attended the natural population cohort in Eastern China and had no CKD at baseline survey was performed in the Songjiang district, Shanghai. CKD was diagnosed according to the National Kidney Foundation Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease criteria.

[Spatiotemporal distribution of measles in China, 2001-2016].

To understand the spatial-temporal distribution and spatial clusters of measles cases in China. Measles incidence data was collected from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses were conducted by using software ArcGIS 10.

Breastfeeding Supportive Services in Baby-Friendly Hospitals Positively Influenced Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice at Hospitalization Discharge and Six Months Postpartum.

Background: Studies have shown that implementing the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative can protect, promote, and support breastfeeding. However, few studies have valuated the quality of breastfeeding supportive services provided by Baby-Friendly Hospitals from the perspective of service users.

Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective study, conducted at eight Baby-Friendly Hospitals with a total of 707 pregnant women in Shanghai, China between October 2016 and September 2021.

Risk Factors Associated With Early-Onset Colorectal Neoplasm in Chinese Youth: A Prospective Population-Based Study.

Evidence of the risk factors associated with early-onset colorectal neoplasm from prospective population-based studies is limited. We enrolled 17,293 participants younger than 50 years from the Shanghai colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program cohort. Face-to-face interviews were performed by trained primary care physicians using a standardized questionnaire to collect the information on potential risk factors at baseline entry.

Association of Obesity with the Risk of Hyperhomocysteinemia among the Chinese Community Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China.

A prospective community-based cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of obesity on hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in community residents from Shanghai, China, with a median follow-up period of 2.98 years. The exposures were high body mass index (BMI) (BMI ≥ 28.

Association of the Reproductive Period with Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Menopausal Women: A Study from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (2016-2020).

In previous studies, it has been documented that a short reproductive period is associated with a higher risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. This study aims to investigate the association of the reproductive period length with decreased renal function. This study obtained data from "the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank".

Effectiveness of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Against Pneumococcal Diseases Among the Elderly Aged 60 Years or Older: A Matched Test Negative Case-Control Study in Shanghai, China.

infection among adults, especially in adults over 60 years old in China results in a large number of hospitalizations and a substantial financial burden. This study assessed the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases among the elderly aged 60 years or older in Shanghai, China. We conducted a test-negative case-control study among the elderly aged 60 years or older who sought care at hospitals in 13 districts of Shanghai from September 14, 2013 to August 31, 2019.

Deep whole-genome sequencing reveals no evidence for heteroresistance influencing treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the minimum level of heteroresistance that predicts poor tuberculosis treatment outcomes. This retrospective study enrolled 45 new tuberculosis patients with varied treatment outcomes and 16 drug-susceptible retreatment cases. Pretreatment isolates from these 61 patients were whole genome sequenced to detect heteroresistance.

Assessing Individual Risk for High-Risk Early Colorectal Neoplasm for Pre-Selection of Screening in Shanghai, China: A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study.

Objective: To identify people with high-risk early colorectal neoplasm is highly desirable for pre-selection in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in low-resource countries. We aim to build and validate a risk-based model so as to improve compliance and increase the benefits of screening.

Patients And Methods: Using data from the Shanghai CRC screening cohort, we conducted a population-based nested case-control study to build a risk-based model.

[A model analysis on the knowledge-attitude-practice of children guardians in Jiangxi, Shanghai and Qinghai].

To understand the knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) on vaccination among children's parents in Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Qinghai and explore the factors influencing KAP. The study selected two counties/districts in Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Qinghai, respectively, by stratified sampling and used a unified questionnaire to investigate the parental KAP of vaccination. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to explore factors influencing parental KAP, as well as the relationship between knowledge and behavior.

Catastrophic costs of tuberculosis care in a population with internal migrants in China.

Background: The internal rural-to-urban migration is one of the major challenges for tuberculosis (TB) control in China. Patient costs incurred during TB diagnosis and treatment could cause access and adherence barriers, particularly among migrants. Here, we estimated the prevalence of catastrophic costs of TB patients and its associated factors in an urban population with internal migrants in China.

Association of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype with renal function impairment: a cross-sectional study in a population of Chinese adults.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype has been suggested as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is limited evidence on the relationship of triglyceride waist phenotypes with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) status and severity. Our aim was to explore the associations of triglyceride waist phenotypes with reduced eGFR and various decreased eGFR stages among Chinese adults.

Association Between Fine Particulate Matter and Fatal Hemorrhagic Stroke Incidence: A Time Stratified Case-Crossover Study in Shanghai, China.

Objectives: Evidence of the association between fine particulate (PM2.5, particles ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) air pollution and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence is limited.

Surveillance of the 'bud event of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis' in schools: does it work in the prevention of norovirus infection outbreaks in Shanghai?

Outbreaks of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis have been reported in schools in recent decades in China. For early warning and response to infectious disease outbreaks, the Shanghai Infectious Diseases Bud Event Surveillance System (IDBESS) was established in 2016. Bud event is a term used for the early sign of a potential infectious disease outbreak in public settings when the first few cases appear.

[Influence of dietary patterns on type 2 diabetes mellitus in local residents aged 40 years and above in Songjiang district, Shanghai].

To evaluate the association between dietary pattern and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in local residents aged 40 years and above in Songjiang district of Shanghai. Data was obtained from the baseline investigation of Shanghai Peak-Plan cohort. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected people with T2DM as the case group, and people without T2DM as controls, matched with gender, age and alcohol intake status.

Sleep quality of Shanghai residents: population-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of poor sleep and its risk factors for adults living in a suburban area of Shanghai with rapid urbanization.

Methods: A total of 37,545 residents who were aged 20 to 74 years and from the "Peak Program," a community-based natural population cohort study, were included. Data on demographics, lifestyle, and physical health-related factors were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire interview.