The effects of hip flexion angle on quadriceps femoris muscle hypertrophy in the leg extension exercise.

This study compared the effects of 90° versus 40° hip flexion in the leg extension exercise on quadriceps femoris muscle hypertrophy. Twenty-two untrained men completed a ten-week intervention comprising two resistance training sessions per week. A within-participant design was used, with the lower limb side randomly allocated to the 40 or 90° condition.

Agathisflavone Modulates Reactive Gliosis After Trauma and Increases the Neuroblast Population at the Subventricular Zone.

Background: Reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis are coordinated responses to CNS insults and are pathological hallmarks of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In these conditions, persistent reactive gliosis can impede tissue repopulation and limit neurogenesis. Thus, modulating this phenomenon has been increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic approach.

The Nutrition Society Satellite Symposium, Nutrition Congress: workplace diet and health.

The workplace is a key environmental determinant of health and well-being. Food choices can be influenced by several workplace-related factors including, but not limited to, working hours, the workplace food environment, job roles and workplace culture. Therefore, the workplace is increasingly viewed as an important place for public health nutrition interventions.

Investigating the Influence of Limb Blood Flow on Contraction-Induced Muscle Growth and the Impact of that Growth on Changes in Maximal Strength.

Abstract: Changes in skeletal muscle size may be affected by resting blood flow (e.g., nutrient delivery) and this change in size is a hypothesized mechanism for changes in strength.

Male and Female Perceptions of Supervision During Strength Training.

A cross-sectional survey was distributed to 1322 members of a 1-on-1 personalized strength training studio. A total of 366 respondents ( = 134 male and = 232 female), all aged over 20 years, reported considerable training experience, with 55% of the males and 42% of the females reporting 5+ years of experience. The data were analyzed and reported descriptively with differences >5% identified based on the use of a 5-point Likert scale, the sample size, and the nature of the observations.

Machine-Based Resistance Training Improves Functional Capacity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Resistance training (RT) can improve the functional performance of older adults, maintaining independence and quality of life. It has been proposed that training interventions should implement exercises associated with the movements needed in everyday life. However, this strength training philosophy presents challenges, specifically to older adults, and the use of resistance machines might present an efficacious alternative.

Does Unilateral High-Load Resistance Training Influence Strength Change in the Contralateral Arm Also Undergoing High-Load Training?

Training one limb with a high-load has been shown to augment strength changes in the opposite limb training with a low-load (via cross-education of strength), indicating that within-subject models can be problematic when investigating strength changes. This study examined if the cross-education of strength from unilateral high-load training could augment the strength changes in the opposite arm undergoing the same unilateral high-load training. 160 participants were randomized to one of four groups: (1) training on the dominant arm followed by the non-dominant arm (D + ND), (2) training on the dominant arm only (D-Only), (3) training on the non-dominant arm only (ND-Only), and (4) a non-exercise control.

The Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Changes in Resting Blood Pressure.

To investigate the effects of high-intensity contractions and low-intensity contractions with and without blood flow restriction on changes in blood pressure and hemodynamic parameters. A total of 179 participants (18-35 years) were randomly assigned to one of three training groups that exercised 3 times per week for six weeks or a non-exercise control group. The groups are as follows: 1) Control [CON,  = 44]; 2) completed 4 sets of two-minute isometric contractions at 30% maximal voluntary contraction [LI,  = 47]; 3) completed 4 sets of two-minute isometric contractions at 30% maximal voluntary contraction with a 12 cm cuff inflated to 50% of arterial occlusion pressure [LI+BFR,  = 41]; or 4) completed 4 maximal isometric contractions lasting 5 seconds [MAX,  = 47].

The Abolition of 'Discharge By Operation of Law' - patients detained under sections 3 and 37, Mental Health Act 1983.

Ever since patients started to be admitted into mental institutions, absconding from such institutions has been a fact of life. Also, clear statutory authority to retake absconders has existed since county asylums, the forerunners of today's mental hospitals, started to be built following the County Asylums Act 1808. At present section 37 of the Mental Health Act 1983 concerns patients detained under a hospital order without restrictions on their discharge, etc.

The association between physical outputs and match outcome across different playing styles for a professional second-tier football team across two complete seasons.

Background: Elite-level football requires an array of physical, technical, psychological, and tactical skills. The aim of this study was to measure the association between physical outputs (distance, decelerations, accelerations) and the match outcome (win, draw, lose) in professional football. This research also examined whether the same association is influenced if a team adopts a possession or transition-based playing style.

Test-retest reliability of a single isometric mid-thigh pull protocol to assess peak force and strength-endurance.

The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability of strength-endurance protocols using isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP). Twenty-eight participants (23.2 ± 4.

Restraint of patients in psychiatric hospitals in England and Wales.

The restraint of patients is one of the important aspects of the regime in psychiatric hospitals. It has been an issue in hospitals over the years because it interferes with the personal freedom of patients. Most recently it was one of the matters raised in v [2024] EWCOP 150.

Unilateral high-load resistance training induced a similar cross-education of strength between the dominant and non-dominant arm.

It was previously hypothesized that the cross-education of strength is asymmetrical, where a greater transfer of strength is observed from the dominant to the non-dominant limb. The purpose of this study was to examine if the magnitude of cross-education of strength differed between dominant and non-dominant limbs following unilateral high-load resistance training. One hundred and twenty-two participants were randomized to one of the three groups: 1) training on the dominant arm (D-Only), 2) training on the non-dominant arm (ND-Only) and 3) a time-matched non-exercise control (Control).

Galvanic vestibular stimulation modulates EEG markers of voluntary movement in Parkinson's disease.

We recently showed that vestibular stimulation can produce a long-lasting alleviation of motor features in Parkinson's disease. Here we investigated whether components of the motor related cortical response that are commonly compromised in Parkinson's - the Bereitschaftspotential and mu-rhythm event-related desynchronization - are modulated by concurrent, low frequency galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) during repetitive limb movement amongst 17 individuals with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Relative to sham, GVS was favourably associated with higher amplitudes during the late and movement phases of the Bereitschaftspotential and with a more pronounced decrease in spectral power within the mu-rhythm range during finger-tapping.

Exploring the Dose-Response Relationship Between Estimated Resistance Training Proximity to Failure, Strength Gain, and Muscle Hypertrophy: A Series of Meta-Regressions.

Background: The proximity to failure in which sets are terminated has gained attention in the scientific literature as a potentially key resistance training variable. Multiple meta-analyses have directly (i.e.

N of 1: Optimizing Methodology for the Detection of Individual Response Variation in Resistance Training.

Most resistance training research focuses on inference from average intervention effects from observed group-level change scores (i.e., mean change of group A vs group B).

Modelling environmental life cycle performance of alternative marine power configurations with an integrated experimental assessment approach: A case study of an inland passenger barge.

There is pressure on the global shipping industry to move towards greener propulsion and fuel technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen and electricity are both recognised as pathways to achieve a net-zero. However, in the evaluation of the environmental performance of these alternative marine power configurations, conventional life cycle assessment (LCA) methods have limitations reflecting the varied nature of ship design and operational modes.

Criteria to evaluate graduate nurse proficiencies in obtaining a health history and perform physical assessment in simulation-based education: A narrative review.

Background: Simulation is a technique being used increasingly in healthcare education which offers opportunities to evaluate nursing proficiencies. The use of valid and reliable instruments is recognised as the foundation for a robust assessment, however competency-based health assessment courses for graduate nurses can consequently become reductionist in measuring proficiencies.

Objective: The specific review question was: In simulation-based education, what are the criteria that evaluate graduate nursing student's competence in obtaining a health history and performance of patient assessment?

Methods: Eleven studies were included in the review.

Identifying research priorities for infection prevention and control. A mixed methods study with a convergent design.

Background: Meaningful research creates evidence for Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practice.

Aim: To establish Infection Prevention Society (IPS) members' research priorities to support future research projects.

Methods: A mixed methods convergent parallel design incorporating a cross-sectional survey of IPS members (2022-2023), and focus group findings from the IPS Consultative Committee, (October 2022).

Deloading Practices in Strength and Physique Sports: A Cross-sectional Survey.

Background: This study explored the deloading practices of competitive strength and physique athletes. A 55-item anonymised web-based survey was distributed to a convenience-based, cross-sectional sample of competitive strength and physique athletes (n = 246; males = 181 [73.6%], females = 65 [26.

Blood flow restriction augments exercise-induced pressure pain thresholds over repetition and effort matched conditions.

We sought to determine the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) on exercise-induced hypoalgesia, specifically using low-load (LL) resistance exercise (30% 1RM) protocols that accounted for each individual's local muscular endurance capabilities. Forty-four participants completed four conditions: (1) 70% of maximal BFR repetitions with blood flow restriction (LL+BFR exercise); (2) 70% maximal BFR repetitions without LL+BFR (LL exercise); (3) 70% maximal free flow repetitions (LL+EFFORT exercise); (4) time-matched, non-exercise control (CON). Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured before and after exercise.

ARL5b inhibits human rhinovirus 16 propagation and impairs macrophage-mediated bacterial clearance.

Human rhinovirus is the most frequently isolated virus during severe exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this disease, alveolar macrophages display significantly diminished phagocytic functions that could be associated with bacterial superinfections. However, how human rhinovirus affects the functions of macrophages is largely unknown.