Exploring the landscape of biofertilizers containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Iran: Progress and research prospects.

The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture, while effective for plant nutrition, poses environmental pollution risks due to their overuse and imbalance. Sustainable agricultural solutions are required to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers. Biofertilizers, which harness the potential of beneficial soil microorganisms, are a promising alternative.

A comparative study between the efficacy of fertigation and spraying procedures in terms of the content of Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) in greenhouse cucumber.

A comparative study between fertigation and spraying procedures in terms of the status of Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) in greenhouse cucumber was conducted as a two-factor split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2023. The main and sub-factors were respectively fertigation and spraying that were used in two levels [the maximum permissible concentration of Cd and As in granular triple super phosphate fertilizer (25 ppm Cd and 50 ppm As) and the minimum permissible concentration of these metals in granular triple super phosphate fertilizer (5 ppm Cd and 5 ppm As)]. Spraying was done in three modes (spraying of leaves, leaves and fruit, and fruit).

Comprehensive framework for interpretation of WaPOR water productivity.

This study presents a comprehensive framework for analyzing water productivity products provided by the FAO Water Productivity Open-access portal (WaPOR), focusing on various crops cultivated in both rainfed and irrigated areas within a semi-arid basin in Iran. Two indices, namely Gross Water Productivity (GWP) and Net Water Productivity (NWP), were introduced to quantify water productivity across crop fields. However, these indices may mislead decision-makers, because they aggregate water productivity for all crops and exacerbate the challenges posed by water scarcity.

Spraying or fertigation? looking for the better method in terms of the lower concentration of Pb and Ni in greenhouse cucumber.

This study was conducted to investigate the status of Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni) in greenhouse cucumber affected by fertigation and spraying as a factorial split plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2023. The main and sub-plots were respectively fertigation and spraying that was applied in two levels [the minimum permissible concentration of these metals in granular triple super phosphate fertilizer (five ppm Pb and five ppm Ni) as the control treatment, and the maximum permissible concentration of Pb and Ni in granular triple super phosphate fertilizer (50 ppm Pb and 100 ppm Ni)]. Spraying was done in three modes (spraying leaves, leaves + fruit, and fruit).

Increasing cotton lint yield and water use efficiency for subsurface drip irrigation without mulching.

Introduction: Planting without mulching can eliminate the residual film pollution caused by the long-term use of plastic film covers, but it will increase soil moisture evaporation and heat loss and severely reduce water use efficiency and cotton productivity in cotton ( L.) fields in arid regions. It is unclear whether the advantages of subsurface drip irrigation and nighttime irrigation can be leveraged to reduce the amount of irrigation applied in fields, improve the soil and leaf hydrothermal environments, and increase the synchronicity of yield and water use efficiency (WUE).

Impact of varied tillage practices and phosphorus fertilization regimes on wheat yield and grain quality parameters in a five-year corn-wheat rotation system.

Choosing appropriate tillage methods and applying the right amount of chemical fertilizers are pivotal for optimizing wheat management and enhancing wheat quality. This study investigated the influence of conservation agriculture and phosphorus levels on nutrient content, yield components, and quality traits of wheat in a corn-wheat rotation. Conducted over five years in field conditions, the study employed a randomized complete block design with tillage treatments (conventional tillage, CT; minimum tillage, MT; and no tillage, NT) and phosphorus levels (no fertilizer use, P0; and 100% fertilizer recommendation, PR) as factors.

Geographical and climatic distribution of lentil-nodulating rhizobia in Iran.

Lentil is one of the most important legumes cultivated in various provinces of Iran. However, there is limited information about the symbiotic rhizobia of lentils in this country. In this study, molecular identification of lentil-nodulating rhizobia was performed based on 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) and recA, atpD, glnII, and nodC gene sequencing.

The fruit quality and nutrient content of kiwifruit produced by organic versus chemical fertilizers.

Background: Currently, organic farming has become a feasible approach for the production of high-quality fruits. To evaluate the response of fruit quality and mineral nutrition contents of Hayward Kiwifruit affected by different organic and inorganic fertilizers, the present study was conducted in Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Iran, in 2017-2021, as a randomized block design with three replications. The studied treatments were organic fertilizers (cow, vermicompost and Azolla) and chemical fertilizers.

Reference evapotranspiration estimation using reanalysis and WaPOR products in dryland Croplands.

Accurate estimation of the reference evapotranspiration (ET) is crucial for determining crop water requirements. However, the lack of appropriate weather stations representing croplands, particularly in drylands, may adversely influence the accuracy of ET estimates. To overcome this issue, a promising approach is to use meteorological stations in cropland areas to collect weather data that are representative of actual conditions.

Spatial prediction of winter wheat yield gap: agro-climatic model and machine learning approaches.

This study aimed to identify the most influential soil and environmental factors for predicting wheat yield (WY) in a part of irrigated croplands in southwest Iran, using the FAO-Agro-Climate method and machine learning algorithms (MLAs). A total of 60 soil samples and wheat grain (1 m × 1 m) in 1200 ha of Pasargad plain were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. Attainable WY was assessed using the FAO method for the area.

Evaluating temporal sand drift potential trends in the Sistan region, Southeast Iran.

The Sistan region in Southeastern Iran is one of the world's most sensitive areas when it comes to sandstorms and wind erosion. One of the most influential factors in interpreting sandstorms is sand drift potential (DP), which is directly related to wind speed. Accurately, monitoring this phenomenon is still being determined, considering various temporal scales.

Digital mapping and spatial modeling of some soil physical and mechanical properties in a semi-arid region of Iran.

The soil's physical and mechanical (SPM) properties have significant impacts on soil processes, such as water flow, nutrient movement, aeration, microbial activity, erosion, and root growth. To digitally map some SPM properties at four global standard depths, three machine learning algorithms (MLA), namely, random forest, Cubist, and k-nearest neighbor, were employed. A total of 200-point observation was designed with the aim of a field survey across the Marvdasht Plain in Fars Province, Iran.

Land evaluation approaches comparing TOPSIS and SAW with parametric methods for rice cultivation.

Population growth has resulted in an increase in land exploitation on a large scale. Therefore, to increase crop yield and sustainable use of soil, it is necessary to exploit the land according to its potential. Due to land suitability assessment's multifactor nature, it needs a method for evaluating the factors simultaneously; in this case, multi-criteria decision models can be used.

Identification of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from fishponds and their performance to remove hydrogen sulfide under aquarium conditions.

Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic gas that causes many economic losses in aquaculture ponds. The application of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to remove hydrogen sulfide is an eco-friendly approach. This study aimed to isolate and identify the most efficient SOBs from the sediment of warm-water fish farms.

Comprehensive genome analysis of sp. SWRIQ11, a new plant growth-promoting bacterium that alleviates salinity stress in olive.

The study presents the genome analysis of a new sp. (SWRIQ11), which can alleviate salinity stress effects on growth of olive seedlings in greenhouse study. The strain SWRIQ11 can tolerate salinity up to 6%, produce siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA), aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and has the phosphate-solubilizing capability.

Increase in cotton yield through improved leaf physiological functioning under the soil condition of reduced chemical fertilization compensated by the enhanced organic liquid fertilization.

Introduction: Low agricultural nutrient input efficiency remains a significant impediment for crop production globally. To address this issue in cotton agroecosystems, there is a need to develop sustainable crop nutrient management strategies to achieve high crop yields. We hypothesized that organic liquid fertilizer (OF) combined with reduced chemical fertilizer (CF) would enhance cotton yield by improving leaf functioning and soil properties.

Study on phosphate removal from aqueous solutions using magnesium-ammonium- and zirconium-modified zeolites: equilibrium, kinetic, and fixed-bed column study.

Eutrophication is an environmental issue which occurs when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients. Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient limiting the phytoplankton and algal growth in many aquatic environments. Therefore, P removal could be a promising technique to control the eutrophication.

Modeling the spatial variation of calcium carbonate equivalent to depth using machine learning techniques.

Inorganic carbon is the largest source of carbon in terrestrial surface, particularly in arid and semiarid regions, including the Chahardowli Plain in western Iran. Inorganic carbon plays an equal or greater role than organic soil carbon in these areas, although less attention has been paid in quantifying their variability. The objective of this study was to model and map calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) presenting inorganic carbon in soil using machine learning and digital soil mapping techniques.

Assessment of macronutrients status using digital soil mapping techniques: a case study in Maru'ak area in Lorestan Province, Iran.

The present study was conducted to compare generalized linear model (GLM), random forest (RF), and Cubist to produce available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) maps and to identify the covariates that control mineral distribution in Lorestan Province, Iran. To this end, the locations for collecting 173 soil samples were determined through the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling (cLHS) method, at four different land-uses (orchards, paddy fields, agricultural, and abandoned fields). The performance of the models was assessed by coefficient of determination (R), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) indices.

Matrine can be absorbed and transmitted bidirectionally to defend against aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on wheat and pepper.

Background: Although matrine is widely used, its absorption and transport mechanisms in crops remain unexplored. In this study, three methods including foliar application, hydroponics and seed immersion were used to investigate whether matrine molecules could enter into plants through different channels, and to further resolve its transport characteristics. The systemic activity of matrine also was evaluated.

Co-application of ACC deaminase-producing rhizobial bacteria and melatonin improves salt tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) through ion homeostasis.

A comprehensive body of scientific evidence indicates that rhizobial bacteria and melatonin enhance salt tolerance of crop plants. The overall goal of this research was to evaluate the ability of Rhizobium leguminoserum bv phaseoli to suppress salinity stress impacts in common bean treated with melatonin. Treatments included bacterial inoculations (inoculated (RI) and non-inoculated (NI)), different salinity levels (non-saline (NS), 4 (S1) and 8 (S2) dS m of NaCl) and priming (dry (PD), melatonin (PM100) and hydro (PH) priming) with six replications in growing media containing sterile sand and perlite (1:1).

Ecological potential assessment and land use area estimation of agricultural lands based on multi-time images of Sentinel-2 using ANP-WLC and GIS in Bastam, Iran.

The use of land-based ecological potential is a key management factor in achieving sustainable development and conserving soil and water resources. The purpose of this study is to use multi-time images of Sentinel-2 to determine the area of agricultural lands and evaluate their ecological potential in Bastam, Semnan Province, Iran. Therefore, in the first step, the most common agricultural lands (including apricot and grape orchards), field crops (including wheat and forage maize), and their phenological period were determined.

Estimation of greenhouse gas emission flux from agricultural lands of Khuzestan province in Iran.

Greenhouse gas emissions and their effects on global warming are one of the serious challenges of developed and developing countries. Investigating the amount of greenhouse gas emissions of different countries makes it possible to determine the share of countries in the production of greenhouse gases. The purpose of this study is to use DAYCENT and DNDC models to estimate the emission rate of methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide greenhouse gases as well as to estimate the global warming potential in Khuzestan agricultural lands in Iran.

Applying fuzzy inference system and analytic network process based on GIS to determine land suitability potential for agricultural.

Determining soil characteristics and land limitations through the land suitability assessment process is a very important step, due to its important role in sustainable management and reducing the effects of land degradation for the continuous production of agricultural crops. In this study, land suitability potential for wheat cultivation was determined by analytic network process (ANP)-fuzzy and traditional parametric methods including Storie and square root in lands with an area of about 4300 ha located in northwestern Iran. For this purpose, according to the land use maps, topography, slope, geology, and satellite image of the study area, the initial soil units were identified and soil was sampled by digging profiles in these units from the soil horizons of the profiles.