Strategically designed metal-free deep-ultraviolet birefringent crystals with superior optical properties.

Finding new birefringent materials with deep-ultraviolet (DUV, < 200 nm) transparency is urgent, as current commercial materials cannot meet the rapidly growing demands in related application fields. Herein, three guanidinium-based compounds, C(NH)CHSO, β-C(NH)Cl, and γ-C(NH)Cl, all featuring [C(NH)·X] (X = CHSO and Cl) pseudo layers, were designed through structural motif tailoring. Theoretical calculations indicate that these metal-free compounds all possess broad bandgaps (6.

Crystal clear: unveiling giant birefringence in organic-inorganic cocrystals.

Coplanar groups with large anisotropic polarizability are suitable as birefringence-active groups for investigating compounds with significant birefringence. In this study, the organic coplanar raw reagent, -CHNO (4HP), was selected as an individual complement. Utilizing the cocrystal engineering strategy, we successfully designed two cocrystals: [LiNO·HO·4HP]·4HP (Li-4HP2) and [Mg(NO)·6HO]·(4HP) (Mg-4HP), and one by-product: LiNO·HO·4HP (Li-4HP), which were grown using a mild aqua-solution method.

Correction: Hydrogen bonding bolstered head-to-tail ligation of functional chromophores in a 0D SbF·glycine adduct for a short-wave ultraviolet nonlinear optical material.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4SC01353K.].

Hydrogen bonding bolstered head-to-tail ligation of functional chromophores in a 0D SbF·glycine adduct for a short-wave ultraviolet nonlinear optical material.

The key properties of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials highly rely on the quality of functional chromophores (FCs) and their optimized interarrangement in the lattice. Despite the screening of various FCs, significant challenges persist in optimizing their arrangement within specific structures. Generally, FC alignment is achieved by designing negatively charged 2D layers or 3D frameworks, further regulated by templating cations.

Accelerated chemical science with AI.

In light of the pressing need for practical materials and molecular solutions to renewable energy and health problems, to name just two examples, one wonders how to accelerate research and development in the chemical sciences, so as to address the time it takes to bring materials from initial discovery to commercialization. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques, in particular, are having a transformative and accelerating impact on many if not most, technological domains. To shed light on these questions, the authors and participants gathered in person for the ASLLA Symposium on the theme of 'Accelerated Chemical Science with AI' at Gangneung, Republic of Korea.

Engineering of cell-surface receptors for analysis of receptor internalization and detection of receptor-specific glycosylation.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a cell-surface glycoprotein that is involved mainly in cell proliferation. Overexpression of this receptor is intimately related to the development of a broad spectrum of tumors. In addition, glycans linked to the EGFR are known to affect its EGF-induced activation.

Facile synthesis of CuONPs using juice for enhancing antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant , beta-lactamase and tetracycline-resistant .

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) resulting from indiscriminate use of antibiotics in various fields of agriculture such as livestock farming, aquaculture, and croup fields become an emerging catatroph for the health (human, animal) and environment. Among those, poultry farming has been considered as one of the major contributors of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Focusing this, the present research is designed for green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) with the aim of their application in antibiotic-free poultry farming for curving use of antibiotics in that sector.

Impact of protein-chromophore interaction on the retinal excited state and photocycle of rhodopsin: role of conserved tryptophan residues.

The function of microbial as well as mammalian retinal proteins ( rhodopsins) is associated with a photocycle initiated by light excitation of the retinal chromophore of the protein, covalently bound through a protonated Schiff base linkage. Although electrostatics controls chemical reactions of many organic molecules, attempt to understand its role in controlling excited state reactivity of rhodopsins and, thereby, their photocycle is scarce. Here, we investigate the effect of highly conserved tryptophan residues, between which the all- retinal chromophore of the protein is sandwiched in microbial rhodopsins, on the charge distribution along the retinal excited state, quantum yield and nature of the light-induced photocycle and absorption properties of rhodopsin (GR).

Nanoscale mapping of temperature-dependent conduction in an epitaxial VO film grown on an AlO substrate.

Vanadium dioxide (VO) is one of the extensively studied strongly correlated oxides due to its intriguing insulator-metal transition near room temperature. In this work, we investigated temperature-dependent nanoscale conduction in an epitaxial VO film grown on an AlO substrate using conductive-atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). We observed that only the regions near the grain boundaries are conductive, producing intriguing donut patterns in C-AFM images.

Global talent management and multinational subsidiaries' resilience in the Covid-19 crisis: Moderating roles of regional headquarters' support and headquarters-subsidiary friction.

Resilience is central to developing organizational capability to respond to global crises such as the Covid-19 pandemic. To date, few studies have examined the relationship between global talent management (GTM) and the organizational resilience of multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries during crises. This study contributes to the GTM and crisis management literature by examining the role of GTM in MNE subsidiaries' resilience during the Covid-19 crisis.

Synthetic Formatotrophs for One-Carbon Biorefinery.

The use of CO as a carbon source in biorefinery is of great interest, but the low solubility of CO in water and the lack of efficient CO assimilation pathways are challenges to overcome. Formic acid (FA), which can be easily produced from CO and more conveniently stored and transported than CO, is an attractive CO-equivalent carbon source as it can be assimilated more efficiently than CO by microorganisms and also provides reducing power. Although there are native formatotrophs, they grow slowly and are difficult to metabolically engineer due to the lack of genetic manipulation tools.

Stable carbamate pathway towards organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites and aromatic imines.

Methyl ammonium methyl carbamate (MAC), formulated as CHNH CHNHCO , was synthesized by reacting liquid methylamine with supercritical CO, and its structure was refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. MAC is a white crystalline salt and is as reactive as methylamine, and is a very efficient alternative to toxic methylamine. We were able to produce hybrid perovskite MAPbI (MA = methyl ammonium) by grinding MAC with PbI and I at room temperature, followed by storing the mixed powder.

Novel ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials discovered by chemical substitution-oriented design.

Exploring novel functional materials chemical substitution-oriented design is an emerging strategy. The method can be expanded to the discovery of high performance ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical (NLO) solid state materials by a careful tuning of the substituted atoms. This minireview presents a brief introduction to chemical substitution-oriented design including single-site substitution, dual-site substitution, and multisite substitution.

Universal Oriented van der Waals Epitaxy of 1D Cyanide Chains on Hexagonal 2D Crystals.

The atomic or molecular assembly on 2D materials through the relatively weak van der Waals interaction is quite different from the conventional heteroepitaxy and may result in unique growth behaviors. Here, it is shown that straight 1D cyanide chains display universal epitaxy on hexagonal 2D materials. A universal oriented assembly of cyanide crystals (AgCN, AuCN, and CuAuCN) is observed, where the chains are aligned along the three zigzag lattice directions of various 2D hexagonal crystals (graphene, h-BN, WS, MoS, WSe, MoSe, and MoTe).

USP37 is a SNAI1 deubiquitinase.

SNAI1, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factor, promotes tumor metastasis and resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. SNAI1 protein levels are tightly regulated by proteolytic ubiquitination. Here, we identified USP37 as a SNAI1 deubiquitinase that removes the polyubiquitination chain from SNAI1 and prevents its proteasomal degradation.

P3HT-based visible-light organic photodetectors using PEI/PAA multilayers as a p-type buffer layer.

A low leakage current is critical for achieving organic photodetectors (OPDs) with high detectivity. The insertion of buffer layers is an effective approach for reducing the reverse-biased leakage current. In this study, polyelectrolyte multilayers comprising polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were introduced by a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique into an OPD as a p-type buffer layer.

Enhanced photocurrent in organic photodetectors by the tunneling effect of a hafnium oxide thin film as an electron blocking layer.

To achieve high detectivity of organic photodetectors (OPDs), we investigated hafnium oxide (HfO) as an electron blocking layer in an attempt to obtain a low leakage current and high photocurrent by the tunneling effect. The prepared devices consisted of indium tin oxide (ITO)/HfO/(poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)[P3HT]:PCBM)/Yb/Al. To explore the tunneling effect in a hafnium oxide thin film, we fabricated a thin film using successive ionic layer deposition.

Development of specific l-methionine sensors by FRET-based protein engineering.

Amino acids are essential nutrients that are not only used as protein building blocks but are also involved in various biochemical processes and in the development of human diseases. Quantitative analysis of amino acids in complex biological samples is an important analytical process used for understanding amino acid biochemistry and diagnosis of human diseases. In this study, a protein sensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was designed for the quantitative analysis of l-Met, in which a fluorescent unnatural amino acid (CouA) and YFP were used as a FRET pair.

Electrically Robust Single-Crystalline WTe Nanobelts for Nanoscale Electrical Interconnects.

As the elements of integrated circuits are downsized to the nanoscale, the current Cu-based interconnects are facing limitations due to increased resistivity and decreased current-carrying capacity because of scaling. Here, the bottom-up synthesis of single-crystalline WTe nanobelts and low- and high-field electrical characterization of nanoscale interconnect test structures in various ambient conditions are reported. Unlike exfoliated flakes obtained by the top-down approach, the bottom-up growth mode of WTe nanobelts allows systemic characterization of the electrical properties of WTe single crystals as a function of channel dimensions.

High-detectivity perovskite-based photodetector using a Zr-doped TiO cathode interlayer.

We investigated the incorporation of Zr into TiO cathode interlayers used as hole-blocking layers in an organometallic halide perovskite-based photodetector. The device configuration is ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CHNHPbI Cl /PCBM/Zr-TiO /Al. The use of Zr-TiO in the perovskite photodetector reduces the leakage current and improves carrier extraction.

Highly stable mesoporous silica nanospheres embedded with FeCo/graphitic shell nanocrystals as magnetically recyclable multifunctional adsorbents for wastewater treatment.

Highly stable and magnetically separable mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) embedded with 4.6 ± 0.8 nm FeCo/graphitic carbon shell nanocrystals (FeCo/GC NCs@MSNs) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of metal precursors in MSNs and subsequent methane CVD.

When Age and Culture Interact in an Easy and Yet Cognitively Demanding Task: Older Adults, But Not Younger Adults, Showed the Expected Cultural Differences.

The interaction between age and culture can have various implications for cognition as age represents the effect of biological processes whereas culture represents the effect of sustaining experiences. Nevertheless, their interaction has rarely been examined. Thus, based on the fact that Asians are more intuitive in reasoning than Americans, we examined how this cultural difference might interact with age.