Nut consumption is associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia in adults: a community-based cohort study from the UK Biobank.

This cohort study aimed to analyze the relationship between nut consumption and the risk of all-cause dementia in adults from the United Kingdom (UK). Data from participants in the UK Biobank cohort between 2007-2012 (baseline) and 2013-2023 (follow-up) were analyzed. Baseline information on nut consumption was obtained using the Oxford WebQ 24-h questionnaire.

Are Sleep Parameters and Chronotype Associated with Eating Disorder Risk? A Cross-Sectional Study of University Students in Spain.

Eating disorders (EDs) have emerged as a growing public health concern. However, the role of sleep in this context remains underexplored. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the associations between sleep parameters and chronotype with ED risk in a sample of university students in Spain.

Association between pulse wave velocity and white matter hyperintensities among older adults: A meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.

Background: Higher levels of pulse wave velocity (PWV) have been related with the presence of small vessel disease that could damage the brain, in which white matter hyperintensities (WMH) could be presented as consequence. This meta-analysis aims to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between PWV and the presence of WMH among older adults.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and WOS until June 2024.

Sarcopenia and sleep in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: To verify the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Individuals with COPD were cross-sectionally assessed for lung function (spirometry), sleep (both subjectively [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI] and objectively [Actiwatch sleep monitor]) and the presence of sarcopenia (handgrip strength by dynamometry). All tests were carried out in accordance with international standards.

Intellectual Profile in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 and Its Association With Its Onset: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by mutations in the DMPK gene, and it is associated with cognitive deficits and intelligence below normative values. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the overall intelligence and proportion of intellectual development disorder (IDD) in the population with DM1 and its association with its onset.

Methods: Systematic searches of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were performed from inception to January 2023.

Optimizing resistance training intensity in supportive care for survivors of breast cancer: velocity-based approach in the row exercise.

Purpose: Resistance training mitigates side effects during and after cancer treatment. To provide a new approach for precisely and safely assessing and prescribing the intensity of resistance training in supportive cancer care, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the load-velocity relationship during the row exercise in women survivors of breast cancer.

Methods: Twenty women survivors of breast cancer who had undergone surgery and had completed core breast cancer treatment within the previous 10 years completed an incremental loading test until the one repetition maximum (1RM) in the row exercise.

Co-morbid sarcopenia and low bone mineral density in young paediatric cancer survivors.

Background: Sarcopenia and low areal bone mineral density (aBMD) are prevalent musculoskeletal complications after paediatric cancer treatment. However, their relationship has not been examined in young paediatric cancers survivors. This study aimed to evaluate aBMD differences according to sarcopenia status and the risk of low aBMD Z-score in young paediatric cancer survivors with sarcopenia confirmed/probable.

Association between sleep duration and cardiovascular risk: the EVasCu cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Some cardiovascular risk markers have been associated with alterations in sleep duration in different populations; however, there is little evidence in a healthy population.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the associations between sleep duration and cardiovascular risk biomarkers, including advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF), maximum carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), aortic pulse wave velocity (a-PWV), pulse pressure (PP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), in healthy adults (EVasCu study).

Methodology: The EVasCu study included 390 participants.

Wearable and Portable Devices in Sport Biomechanics and Training Science.

Sport biomechanics and training have traditionally been tested under laboratory conditions, requiring specific settings and expensive equipment [...

Efficacy of Nonpharmacological Interventions in Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: There is currently no known cure for cognitive impairment, which highlights the need to explore other ways of managing this condition. This topic has recently become an area of active research. However, the availability of nonpharmacological options poses a challenge when trying to determine the best treatment for improving cognitive function.

Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and fitness with cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis over 3 years in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Introduction: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are among the main causes of death in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Physical activity (PA) and fitness are potential protective factors against the progression of CV risk factors and atherosclerosis.

Aim: To analyze trends over time in PA, sedentary time (ST) and physical fitness and their associations of with traditional and novel markers of CV risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in women with SLE over a 3-year follow-up period.

Interpregnancy weight change and neonatal and infant outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To synthesize evidence regarding the association between interpregnancy weight change (IPWC) in consecutive pregnancies and neonatal or infant outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy.

Methods: Search strategy was implemented in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library from their inception to 13 November 2023. The most adjusted odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio estimates provided by original studies were used to calculate pooled risk ratios and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) with the DerSimonian and Laird random effects method.

Exploring the Association between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults: Findings from the EvasCu Study.

(1) Background: Previous evidence has indicated a connection between a Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence for subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease, such as arterial stiffness, is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), as assessed by the MEDAS-14 questionnaire, and arterial stiffness, as assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity, in healthy adults and according to sex.

Physical activity is associated with lower mortality in adults with obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a complex chronic disease associated with several adverse health outcomes that increase mortality risk. Physical activity (PA) is recommended for the prevention and treatment of obesity and is related to a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the effect of PA levels on mortality (cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality) in adults with obesity.

Exercise prescription for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in primary care: Protocol of the RedExAP study.

Background: Existing evidence supports the effectiveness of exercise in preventing and treating chronic diseases, yet its integration into clinical practice remains limited. This study protocol aims to address the evidence-practice gap by exploring barriers to exercise prescription in primary care and developing a clinical practice guideline (CPG).

Methods: Employing a qualitative approach, focus groups will be conducted to investigate primary care professionals' challenges in prescribing exercise and patients' adherence to recommendations.

Direct and indirect effects of physiological, psychological and cognitive variables on academic achievement in children.

Background: Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), screen time, psychological well-being, executive functions, and academic achievement have been reported, however, few studies have analysed models considering the effect of all these variables on academic achievement. This study aims to analyse the direct and indirect associations of mothers' education level, CRF, screen time, psychological well-being, executive functions, with academic achievement in schoolchildren, by sex.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of MOVI-daFit! study including 519 schoolchildren (49.

Sex and Equipment Impact on Lifting Velocity and the Maximum Repetitions in Bench Press.

This study investigated how equipment and sex affect the prediction accuracy of the maximum number of repetitions performed to failure (RTF) using the fastest mean velocity of the set (MV). Sixteen men and twelve women completed four sessions (two using free-weight equipment and two sessions using the Smith machine). Each session involved three sets of repetitions to failure against the 65%, 75%, and 85% of the one-repetition maximum, interspersed by 10-min of rest.