Superior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm in a Case of Moyamoya Disease: A Rare Entity.

Moyamoya disease is a rare condition characterized by progressive narrowing and occlusion of internal carotid artery and other major arteries of the brain with formation of multiple collaterals. The incidence of aneurysm in moyamoya disease is higher than normal population. Treating the simultaneous pathology of aneurysm and moyamoya disease in an individual is a rare entity.

Comparison of Elisar-Fast and Sita-Fast Strategy for Visual Field Assessment in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare two fast threshold strategies of visual field assessment: SITA-Fast (SF; Humphrey field analyser) and Elisar-Fast (EF; Advanced vision analyser) in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, of total 192 subjects, 138 subjects [150 eyes, 80 glaucoma subjects (91 eyes) and 58 healthy controls (59 eyes)] were analysed and included. Each subject underwent 24-2 EF and SF in randomized order with a minimum time interval of 1 hour between tests.

Reverse 4-Throw Pupilloplasty for Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the feasibility and applicability of a reverse 4-throw (RFT) pupilloplasty technique for endothelial keratoplasty.

Methods: In RFT, the 9-0 polypropylene suture needle and a 26-Gauge needle pierce the iris tissue from the posterior surface to emerge on the anterior surface along the proximal and distal portion of iris tissue to be apposed, respectively. The 9-0 needle is threaded into the barrel of a 26-Gauge needle and is withdrawn from the eye.

Refractive cataract surgery.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this study to provide an overview of recent publications and opinions in refractive cataract surgery.

Recent Findings: With the advent of intraocular lenses (IOLs) on different platforms, the surgeon has a wide arena of types of IOL to choose, depending on the patient's visual requirement. Optimization of the tear film, integrating tomography and topography devices for appropriate keratometry values, biometry, use of advanced formulas for IOL power calculation and application of newer IOLs can help achieve target refraction in cases scheduled for cataract surgery.

Optimum pinhole size determination in pinhole pupilloplasty for higher-order aberrations.

Purpose: To determine optimal pinhole size (OPS) and establish a relationship with visual acuity (VA) and RMS (root mean square) values in cases with higher-order aberrations (HOAs) undergoing pinhole pupilloplasty (PPP).

Setting: Private practice, India.

Design: Prospective, interventional study.

Thermal Welding Tonsillectomy versus Monopolar Electrocautery Tonsillectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objective: In hopes of contributing to the decision about the best surgical option in tonsillectomy, we performed this work to compare the effectiveness of the thermal welding system (TW) and monopolar electrocautery (ME) tonsillectomy in terms of postoperative pain, postoperative bleeding, and operation time in patients undergoing tonsillectomy, to determine which procedure is most expected to enhance the postoperative quality of life.

Methods: Digital databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were systematically screened from inception up to October 2022. The included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated for risk of bias via the Cochrane tool (version 2).

Outcomes of Pre-Descemet Endothelial Keratoplasty for Failed Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of pre-Descemet endothelial keratoplasty (PDEK) for failed therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty.

Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional study that involved 12 eyes of 12 patients with failed therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty that underwent PDEK. All cases had a minimum follow-up of 12 months.

Reverse four-throw technique for pupilloplasty.

Purpose: To describe Reverse four-throw (RFT) technique for pupilloplasty.

Methods: The technique involves making a single pass through the anterior chamber that helps achieve a posteriorly directed suture knot. A single arm 9-0 polypropylene suture attached to long arm needle engages the iris defects with the tip of the needle piercing the iris tissue from the posterior surface and emerging from the anterior aspect.

Comparative Analysis of 10-2 Test on Advanced Vision Analyzer and Humphrey Perimeter in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate diagnostic precision and prove equivalence of 2 devices, Advanced vision analyzer (AVA, Elisar Vision Technology) and Humphrey field analyzer (HFA, Zeiss) for the detection of glaucoma on 10-2 program.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study.

Participants: Threshold estimates of 1 eye each of 66 patients with glaucoma, 36 control participants, and 10 glaucoma suspects were analyzed on 10-2 test with AVA and HFA.

When the savior becomes a demon: Silicon oil synechia-induced glaucoma.

Background: Silicon oil is an important adjunct for achieving internal tamponade in the treatment of retinal detachment. Silicone oil tamponade often leads to narrowing of the angle and development of adhesions between the iris and anterior chamber angle structures, with consequential elevation of the intraocular pressure. The video showcases the management of these challenging scenarios.

Twofold technique for iridodialysis repair.

Background: Disinsertion of iris leads to debilitating sequelae like diplopia and glare. Hence, iridodialysis repair is essential to optimize the visual quality. Iris base repair often leads to corectopia that necessitates an additional procedure to optimize the pupil shape and size.

Innovation Urrets-Zavalia syndrome.

Background: Surgeons often notice unexplained dilation of the pupil following an uncomplicated intra-ocular surgery. No definite line of treatment has been proposed for managing Urrets-Zavalia syndrome (UZS). The authors have previously documented the results of surgical pupilloplasty and have outlined this modality of treatment for cases with UZS.

Assessment and comparison of distal radial artery diameter in anatomical snuff box with conventional radial artery before coronary catheterization.

Background: The distal radial artery (dRA) approach at anatomical snuff box has gained attention of the interventional cardiologist in last few years. The procedural success rate by this novel approach depends on size of the radial artery and therefore the study was planned to study the size of distal radial artery.

Methods: Total of 1004 patients of >18 years of age undergoing coronary catheterization were included in the study.

Global Trigger Tool: Proficient Adverse Drug Reaction Autodetection Method in Critical Care Patient Units.

Background: Emergency department (ED) being the most crucial part of hospital, where adverse drug reactions (ADRs) often go undetected. Trigger tools are proficient ADR detection methods, which have only been applied for retrospective surveillance. We did a prospective analysis to further refine the trigger tool application in healthcare settings.

Nasal Glial Heterotopia with Cleft Palate.

Congenital midline nasal masses are rare anomalies of which nasal glial heterotopia represents an even rarer subset. We report a case of a 25-day-old male child with nasal glial heterotopia along with cleft palate suggesting embryonic fusion anomaly which was treated with excision and primary closure for nasal mass followed by palatal repair at later date.

Use of Titanium Elastic Nails in the Adult Diaphyseal Humerus Fractures.

Humerus shaft fractures in adults can be managed conservatively with functional braces or operatively with plate osteosynthesis or with intramedullary nailing. Conventionally humerus intramedullary nailing is done either using humerus interlocking nails or Enders nails. In this study we analyse the outcome of humerus shaft fractures (upper and middle third) managed with closed ante-grade intramedullary titanium elastic nailing in terms of union rates, union time, functional results and complications.

Developing competency in post-graduate students of anaesthesiology for taking informed consent for elective caesarean section.

Background And Aims: Post-graduate medical students (residents) generally lack effective communication skills required to obtain informed consent. The aim of this study was to assess role play and group discussion as teaching/learning tools for improving residents' knowledge on informed consent and competency in communicating while taking informed consent.

Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted on 30 anaesthesia residents.

A comparative study of "Idiopathic catatonia" with catatonia in schizophrenia.

Catatonia has been defined as a cluster of signs and occurs secondary to or as a subgroup of schizophrenia, mood disorders or organic syndrome. This study specifically examined the distinct variety of catatonia that did not meet any standard psychiatric diagnostic criteria on globally recognised psychiatric rating tools and compared the clinical features with the catatonia that occurred in association with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The inpatients in a tertiary psychiatric ward in Ahmedabad, India, between 2002 and 2005 who presented with two or more catatonic signs present for more than 24h period were assessed on Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV tool.