Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Knee Arthrodesis by Charnley's External Fixator.

Background Knee arthrodesis was originally developed to manage severe joint infections such as tuberculosis before the advent of antibiotics and joint replacement techniques. The procedure aims to eliminate pain and infection by stabilizing the knee joint through bone fusion. Knee arthrodesis remains essential for cases where total knee arthroplasty is not feasible, such as in patients with severe bone loss, chronic infections, or failed knee replacements.

Ethanolic extract of leaves alleviates aluminum-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and neuroinflammation in rat brain.

Background And Aim: Aluminum (Al)-induced neurotoxicity is known to play a pivotal role in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases, and this is alleged to occur through neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. This study aimed to determine the effect of a (FR) leaf extract on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation induced by Al exposure in the rat brain by estimating malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL6), and total antioxidant (TAO) levels along with the degree of neurodegeneration in the brain of AlCl-administered and F leaf extract-treated rats.

Materials And Methods: Two- to three-month-old male albino rats weighing 250-280 g were used in the present study.

Ultrasound Elastography in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Narrative Review.

A class of intricate musculoskeletal diseases known as temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and its supporting structures. The majority of individuals will at some point in their lives experience some degree of TMD symptoms, as these diseases are highly prevalent in the general population. TMDs are multifactorial and are attributed to various physical and biopsychosocial factors.

Outcome of resveratrol and resveratrol with donepezil combination on the β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease.

The goal of this research was to study the effect of different doses of resveratrol (RS) and RS with donepezil (DPZ) on the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in colchicine-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. The study included three months old male Albino  rats and consisted of six animal groups: AD model (group 1), treatment groups, RS 10 mg/kg body weight (group 2), RS 20 mg/kg body weight (group 3), RS 10 mg/kg body weight along with DPZ 1 mg/kg body weight (group 6), prophylaxis groups, RS 10 mg/kg body weight (group 4) and RS 20 mg/kg body weight (group 5). In the treatment groups, RS was given for 7 consecutive days from the day of induction of AD, and in the prophylaxis groups, we started RS 7 days even before the induction of AD and continued for seven days after the induction.

Serotonin syndrome controversies: A need for consensus.

Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a drug-induced clinical syndrome resulting from increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. Although more than seven decades have passed since the first description of SS, it is still an enigma in terms of terminology, clinical features, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic measures. The majority of SS cases have previously been reported by toxicology or psychiatry centers, particularly in people with mental illness.

Sympathetic Overactivity and Parasympathetic Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis of Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions.

Background Cardiovascular autonomic dysregulation is a known complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by dysregulation in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). These disruptions in cardiovascular autonomic control can significantly influence the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Objectives This study aims to investigate how T2DM affects cardiovascular autonomic functions by comparing responses in HR, BP, and specific autonomic function tests between a control group without diabetes and a study group with diabetes.

Cyproheptadine in serotonin syndrome: A retrospective study.

Objective: Serotonin syndrome (SS) is an iatrogenic life-threatening condition caused by serotonergic agents. The treatment for SS involves the administration of a serotonin antagonist (cyproheptadine). However, the dosing schedule for cyproheptadine is not uniform in the literature.

A Retrospective Comparative Study in Patients with SUNA and SUNCT.

Introduction: Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA) are rare primary headache disorders.

Aim: The aim of the study is to describe and compare the clinical characteristics of patients with SUNA and SUNCT.

Methods: Patients with SUNCT or SUNA observed in a neurology clinic of a tertiary hospital in India between January 2017 and December 2022 were evaluated.

Dizziness and vertigo in patients with tension-type headache: A case-control study.

Background: A few studies have demonstrated dizziness and vertigo in patients with tension-type headache (TTH). However, the prevalence and other characteristics of vestibular symptoms in TTH has not been studied in a systemic manner so far. The aim of the study was to see the prevalence of vestibular symptoms in patients with tension-type headache as compared with controls.

Antiepileptic drugs and serotonin syndrome- A systematic review of case series and case reports.

Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a drug‑induced, potentially fatal, clinical syndrome resulting from drugs that have serotonergic properties. Several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are known to have serotonergic properties and it can be hypothesized that such AEDs can cause SS. This study aims to review the literature on SS in patients receiving AEDs.

Hemicrania Continua: An Update.

Background: Hemicrania continua (HC) is not uncommon in clinical practice, and several large case series have been published in the recent past.

Objectives: This review provides an overview of the recent advancement in different aspects of HC.

Methods: We reviewed the articles published on HC in the last 2 decades.

Intra-dural intercommunications between dorsal roots of adjacent spinal nerves and their clinical significance.

Purpose: The dorsal roots of adjacent spinal nerves are known to communicate with each other through rami communicantes. These intercommunications can cause deviations in the normal dermatomal organization which leads to errors during clinical decision-making. The objective of the study was to augment the existing knowledge of these communications which shall help minimize the diagnostic and therapeutic errors.

Chronic serotonin syndrome: A retrospective study.

Background: Serotonin syndrome (SS) is an underdiagnosed drug-induced clinical syndrome resulting from the excess intrasynaptic concentration of serotonin. Very limited information is available about chronic SS.

Aim: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and other aspects of the insidious onset SS.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Study on Serotonin Syndrome Among Neuro Physicians.

Background And Aims: Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a highly underdiagnosed drug-induced clinical syndrome. Under diagnosis is partly due to the unawareness of this syndrome by physicians. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of SS among neuro physicians in India.

The prevalence of serotonin syndrome in an intensive care unit: A prospective observational study.

Purpose: In spite of life-threatening nature of serotonin syndrome (SS), it remains an under-diagnosed condition. The availability of epidemiological data about SS, especially in the ICU setting, may help physicians make early diagnoses and interventions.

Materials And Methods: This was a 6-month prospective study in a medical ICU of a tertiary hospital to find out the prevalence of SS.

Fatal serotonin syndrome: a systematic review of 56 cases in the literature.

Introduction: Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a drug-induced potentially life-threatening clinical condition. There is a paucity of data on the risk factors, clinical course, and complications associated with fatal SS.

Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile, clinical features, and risk factors associated with fatal SS through a systematic review.

Dopa responsive headache: Restless head syndrome or a cephalic variant of restless legs syndrome?

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common but highly undiagnosed sensorimotor disorder. It typically affects the lower extremities. However, various other parts of the body can be involved, such as the arms, the abdomen, the face, the oral cavity, head-neck, and the genital area.