Azilsartan prevents muscle loss and fast- to slow-twitch muscle fiber shift in natural ageing sarcopenic rats.

Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease that reduces muscle mass and strength in older individuals. The study investigates the effects of azilsartan (AZL) on skeletal muscle loss in natural sarcopenic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4-6 months and 18-21 months were selected as young-matched control and natural-aged (sarcopenic) rats, respectively.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for medical devices, implants and tissue engineering: A review.

Hydrogels are highly biocompatible biomaterials composed of crosslinked three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers. Owing to their natural origin, polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) possess low toxicity, high biocompatibility and demonstrate in vivo biodegradability, making them great candidates for use in various biomedical devices, implants, and tissue engineering. In addition, many polysaccharides also show additional biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory, which can provide additional therapeutic benefits.

Recent Perspectives on Cardiovascular Toxicity Associated with Colorectal Cancer Drug Therapy.

Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of cancer-related therapy that has a significant influence on patient outcomes and quality of life. The use of antineoplastic drugs to treat colorectal cancers (CRCs) is associated with a number of undesirable side effects including cardiac complications. For both sexes, CRC ranks second and accounts for four out of every ten cancer deaths.

Molecular understanding of ER-MT communication dysfunction during neurodegeneration.

Biological researchers are seeing organelles in a new light. These cellular entities have been believed to be singular and distinctive structures that performed specialized purposes for a very long time. But in recentpast years, scientists have learned that organelles become dynamic and make physical contact.

Development and Characterization of Pentaerythritol-EudragitRS100 Co-processed Excipients as Solid Dispersion Carriers for Enhanced Aqueous Solubility, Dissolution, and Permeation of Atorvastatin.

Atorvastatin (ATV), a lipid-lowering agent, has low oral bioavailability due to its poor water solubility, permeability, and low dissolution rate. Therefore, pentaerythritol-EudragitRS100 co-processed excipients (PECE) were synthesized, and their feasibility as solid dispersion carriers (ATV-PECE-SD) for improving the solubility, permeability, and dissolution rate of ATV was explored. Solid dispersions were assessed in terms of particle size and zeta potential, and solubility, dissolution, and permeation studies were studied.

Nattokinase prevents β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) induced neuropsychiatric complications, neuroinflammation and BDNF signalling disruption in mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neuronal damage. Although AD is typically considered a cognitive neurodegenerative disorder, almost all people diagnosed with AD develop neuropsychiatric complications at some stage in their life span. The present study investigated the effect of chronic Nattokinase (NK) administration on β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) induced neuropsychiatric conditions (depression-like behaviour, anxiety, and memory impairment) in mice.

Agmatine prevents the manifestation of impulsive burying and depression-like behaviour in progesterone withdrawn female rats.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by various physical and affective symptoms, including anxiety, irritability, anhedonia, social withdrawal, and depression. The present study investigated the role of the agmatinergic system in animal model of progesterone withdrawal in female rats. Chronic progesterone exposure of female rats for 21 days and its abrupt withdrawal showed enhanced marble burying, increased immobility time, and reduced no.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Signaling Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Major Neurodegenerative Disease.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are incurable and the most prevalent cognitive and motor disorders of elderly. Mitochondria are essential for a wide range of cellular processes playing a pivotal role in a number of cellular functions like metabolism, intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and immunity. A plethora of evidence indicates the central role of mitochondrial functions in pathogenesis of many aging related NDD.

Mitophagy regulation in aging and neurodegenerative disease.

Mitochondria are the primary cellular energy generators, supplying the majority of adenosine triphosphate through oxidative phosphorylation, which is necessary for neuron function and survival. Mitophagy is the metabolic process of eliminating dysfunctional or redundant mitochondria. It is a type of autophagy and it is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial and neuronal health.

A Comprehensive Review of Essential Aspects of Molecular Pathophysiological Mechanisms with Emerging Interventions for Sarcopenia in Older People.

Background: As people age, physical impairments may have a deleterious role on skeletal muscles. Sarcopenia Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people are two organizations that have published essential guidelines on the definition of "Sarcopenia". Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome, characterized by skeletal muscle mass degeneration brought on by ageing, which lowers muscular function and quality.

Folate-Mediated Paclitaxel Nanodelivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review.

Paclitaxel (PTX) is used as a viable cancer medication in the chemotherapy of breast, ovarian, lung, bladder, neck, head, and esophageal tumors. The focus of this review is to survey various folate-targeting PTX-loaded nanopreparations in both research and clinical applications. There are diverse nanopreparations, including liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanopreparations, lipid nanopreparations, lipoprotein nanocarriers, and other inorganic nanopreparations for folate-associated PTX tumor targeting.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound management: a review.

Introduction: Polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) offer several advantages over their synthetic counterparts. Their natural origin contributes to their nontoxicity, high biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Their properties can be tuned finely to obtain hydrogels with desired mechanical, structural, and chemical properties.

An Overview of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Associated Problems with Special Emphasis on Treatments with Antimicrobials.

One of the most significant challenges of diabetes health care is diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). DFUs are more challenging to cure, and this is particularly true for people who already have a compromised immune system. Pathogenic bacteria and fungi are becoming more resistant to antibiotics, so they may be unable to fight microbial infections at the wound site with the antibiotics we have now.

Involvement of molecular chaperone in protein-misfolding brain diseases.

Protein misfolding causes aggregation and build-up in a variety of brain diseases. There are numeral molecules that are linked with the protein homeostasis mechanism. Molecular chaperones are one of such molecules that are responsible for protection against protein misfolded and aggregation-induced neurotoxicity.

Alzheimer's disease and sleep disorders: Insights into the possible disease connections and the potential therapeutic targets.

One of the comorbid conditions in an individual with Alzheimer's disease is a sleep disorder. Clinical features of sleep disorders involve various sleep disturbances such as Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSAS), Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS), Rapid Eye Movement (REM), Breathing Disorders, Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS), etc. The primary tools used for the identification of such disturbances are Polysomnography (PSG) and Wrist actigraphy.

Interweaving epilepsy and neurodegeneration: Vitamin E as a treatment approach.

Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder, affecting nearly 50 million people worldwide. The condition can be manifested either due to genetic predisposition or acquired from acute insult which leads to alteration of cellular and molecular mechanisms. Evaluating the latest and the current knowledge in regard to the mechanisms underlying molecular and cellular alteration, hyperexcitability is a consequence of an imbalanced state wherein enhance excitatory glutamatergic and reduced inhibitory GABAergic signaling is considered to be accountable for seizures associated damage.

Development and Validation of Chromatographic Method for the Standardization of Homeopathic Formulation of Syzygium Cumini.

Background:   , family Myrtaceae, has a long history of use in folk and traditional systems of indigenous medicine. Many homeopathic formulations of Jamun seeds are available in the market for their crucial usage as an anti-diabetic. Despite the popularity of homeopathic products, a lack of standard quality is a significant impediment in their acceptance.

Development of topical thymoquinone loaded polymer-lipid hybrid vesicular gel: and evaluation.

Thymoquinone (TH), a naturally occurring moiety shows excellent anticancer properties and in the present study, TH loaded polymer hybrid lipid vesicles (TH PLH) were formulated, and cytotoxicity towards breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MBD-MB 231 cells) was determined. TH PLH was primed by the ethanol spraying method and were characterized for various attributes like particle size, morphology, percentage drug entrapment, elasticity, rheological, zeta potential, etc. The prepared TH PLH Vesicles showed an average particle size from 344.

Involvement of agmatine in antidepressant-like effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in mice.

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-co-enzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are popularly used for the treatment of obesity and hypercholesterolemia with established safety profile. Statins exhibits a wide range of neurobehavioral effects in addition to their peripheral actions, and may be beneficial in treatment of psychiatric conditions. Present study investigated the role of agmatine and imidazoline receptors in antidepressant-like effect of statins in mouse forced swimming test (FST).

Evidences for agmatine alterations in Aβinduced memory impairment in mice.

Alzheimer's disease is an age related progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decline in cognitive functions, such as memory loss and behavioural abnormalities. The present study sought to assess alterations in agmatine metabolism in the beta-amyloid (Aβ) Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Aβ injected mice showed impairment of cognitive functioning as evidenced by increased working and reference memory errors in radial arm maze (RAM).

3D printing in pharmaceuticals: An emerging technology full of challenges.

Although in its infancy, when compared with the other sectors, year 2005 marked the rapid evolution of 3 Dimensional printing (3DP) technologies in pharma sector with a huge potential in the dosage form designing and personalisation of the medication. 3DP is an innovative and highly promising way for the instant manufacturing in contrast with the tailored made conventional manufacturing. Various 3DP technologies are categorized into the various areas on the basis of the type of material used, deposition techniques and the solidification/fusion techniques.

Agmatine modulates anxiety and depression-like behaviour in diabetic insulin-resistant rats.

Epidemiological studies indicated that mood disorders like depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between T2DM and depression have yet to be identified. Thus, understanding the neural mechanisms that mediate the co-morbidity of depression and type-II diabetes mellitus may unlock new pharmacological treatments for this condition.

Phospholipid complex-loaded self-assembled phytosomal soft nanoparticles: evidence of enhanced solubility, dissolution rate, ex vivo permeability, oral bioavailability, and antioxidant potential of mangiferin.

In this study, self-assembled phytosomal soft nanoparticles encapsulated with phospholipid complex (MPLC SNPs) using a combination of solvent evaporation and nanoprecipitation method were developed to enhance the biopharmaceutical and antioxidant potential of MGN. The mangiferin-Phospholipon® 90H complex (MPLC) was produced by the solvent evaporation method and optimized using central composite design (CCD). The optimized MPLC was converted into MPLC SNPs using the nanoprecipitation method.

Agmatine reverses memory deficits induced by Aβ peptide in mice: A key role of imidazoline receptors.

Agmatine is a biogenic amine synthesized following decarboxylation of L-arginine by the enzyme arginine decarboxylase and exhibits favourable outcome in neurodegenerative disorders. Present study was designed to examine the relationship between agmatine and the imidazoline receptors in memory deficits induced by Aβ peptide in mice. Mice were treated with single intracerebroventricular (i.